并列句和简单句

1、简单句的六种基本结构简单句的六种基本结构n主语不及物动词主语不及物动词n主语系动词表语主语系动词表语n主语及物动词宾语主语及物动词宾语n主语及物动词间接宾语直接主语及物动词间接宾语直接宾语宾语n主语及物动词宾语宾语补足主语及物动词宾语宾语补足语语nThere be 主语句型主语句型例如例如1.This knife cuts well.2.She seems quite satisfied.3.Have you fixed my watch yet?4.He owed me 50 yuan. 5.Xiao Li is helping me mend my bicycle.6.There stan

2、ds an old tower in the east of the town.翻译下列句子翻译下列句子n高考前同学们常常学习到深夜高考前同学们常常学习到深夜.n我等你等了很久了我等你等了很久了.n玻璃很容易碎玻璃很容易碎.n她听了这消息好象很平静她听了这消息好象很平静.n他太累了他太累了,刚躺下就睡着了刚躺下就睡着了.n这家工厂没周生产一千辆小汽车这家工厂没周生产一千辆小汽车.n请你把那本书递给我好吗请你把那本书递给我好吗?n我去找个人来帮你修理电脑我去找个人来帮你修理电脑.n我们感到我们的心在激烈的跳动我们感到我们的心在激烈的跳动.n有很多中国学生在国外留学有很多中国学生在国外留学.Key

3、snStudents often work deep into night before the entrance exam.nI have been waiting for you for a long time.nGlass breaks easily.nShe appeared quite calm at the news.nHe was so tired that he fell asleep the moment he went to bed.KeysnThis factory produces 1 ,000 cars a week.nWill you please pass me

4、the book?nIll get someone to repair the computer.nWe could feel our hearts beating fast.nThere are many Chinese students studying abroad.简单句的种类简单句的种类n根据使用目的根据使用目的, 句子可分为句子可分为:n陈述句陈述句n疑问句疑问句n祁使句祁使句n感叹句感叹句陈述句陈述句要特别注意陈述句的否定结构要特别注意陈述句的否定结构1.否定转移:主句谓语动词是think, expect, believe, suppose, guess, imagine 等表“

5、认为, 猜想” 的动词时, 宾语从句的否定习惯上前移到主句谓语上.eg. I dont think I know you. She doesnt believe you are wrong.注意: hope 不在此列.误: I dont hope it will rain.正: I hope it wont rain.notuntil 的句型的句型非强调句型非强调句型: I dont know his name until yesterday.强调句型强调句型: It was not until yesterday that I knew his name.倒装句倒装句: Not until

6、yesterday did I know his name.有时对状语的否定也移到谓语上有时对状语的否定也移到谓语上.翻译翻译: 我今天觉得不舒服我今天觉得不舒服.误误: Im feeling not well today.正正: Im not feeling well today.2. 含有否定意义的副词含有否定意义的副词句中含有句中含有never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely 时时, 应视应视为否定句为否定句.I could hardly see anything.He rarely comes to see me.有些句子在结构上属于

7、肯定式有些句子在结构上属于肯定式, 但但含有否定意义的词含有否定意义的词nNone of us has been to Beijing.(否否定的主语定的主语)nI saw nothing in the darkness.(否定否定的宾语的宾语)nHe begged the teacher not to punish him.(否定的宾补否定的宾补)nWe could find her nowhere.(否定的否定的状语状语)3. 部分否定部分否定nall, both,either, every, everybody, everyday, everywhere, always与与not 连用连

8、用时时, 表示部分否定表示部分否定.n表示全部否定要用表示全部否定要用no, neither, none, nobody, nothing, never , nowhere 等词等词.n肯定肯定: All the ants go out for food.n部分否定部分否定:Not all the ants go out for food.或或: All the ants dont go out for food.n全部否定全部否定:None of the ants go out for food.或或:Not any of the ants go out for food.4. 双重否定双重

9、否定without与与 not, no one, nobody, never, can not等否定词连用等否定词连用,意为意为 无无(没没有有) 不不 , 每每必必.No one can see the film without being moved to tears.人们看了这部人们看了这部电影无不为之感动得流泪电影无不为之感动得流泪.They never meet without quarrelling.他们每次见面必要吵架他们每次见面必要吵架.其他双重否定结构其他双重否定结构He is not unfit for his job.他不是不称他不是不称职职.There is nobob

10、y here who is not a League member.这里人人都是团员这里人人都是团员.One cant learn a foreign language unless he studies hard.除非用功除非用功, 否否则学不好外语则学不好外语.He couldnt help laughing.他禁不住大他禁不住大笑起来笑起来.5. 强调肯定意义的否定结构强调肯定意义的否定结构n这些结构有这些结构有cannot too (over, enough, more)nYou cannot be too careful.或或You cannot be over careful. Y

11、ou cannot be careful enough.nWe cannot praise him too much.n-How are you today? - Couldnt be better. nI couldnt agree with you more.6.具有否定意义的肯定结构具有否定意义的肯定结构nHe is too young to go to school.nThe problem is far from being settled.nIt is the last thing I want to do.nSuch a problem is beyond (above) me.

12、nI failed to understand the meaning of the sentence.nIt has been two months since I smoked.疑问句疑问句n一般疑问句一般疑问句n特殊疑问句特殊疑问句n选择疑问句选择疑问句n反意疑问句反意疑问句特殊的反意疑问句结构特殊的反意疑问句结构1. One cant be too sure, _ _ ?2. Tom seldom goes to the cinema, _ _?3. The man is unfit for his job, _ _?4. Everyone knows me, _ _ ?5. No o

13、ne was hurt in the accident, _ _ ?6. I dont think he can speak Japanese, _ _ ?7. You dont believe she will come, _ _ ?8. What you need is more practice, _ _ ?1. One cant be too sure, can one/he?2. Tom seldom goes to the cinema, does he ?3. The man is unfit for his job, isnt he ?4. Everyone knows me,

14、 doesnt he /dont they ?5. No one was hurt in the accident, were they ?6. I dont think he can speak Japanese, can he ?7. You dont believe she will come, do you ?8. What you need is more practice, isnt it? 9. You neednt do that when your mother is here, _ _ ?10. He is a doctor but his wife is a teache

15、r, _ _ ?11. Please open the window, _ _ ?12. Lets to for a walk, _ _ ?13. Let us know if you can go with us, _ _ ?14. Let me have another try, _ _ ?15. Let me help you, _ _ ?16. I wish to go home , _ _ ?9. You neednt do that when your mother is here, need you ?10. He is a doctor but his wife is a te

16、acher, isnt she ?11. Please open the window, will/would you ?12. Lets go for a walk, shall we ?13. Let us know if you can go with us, will you ?14. Let me have another try, will you ?15. Let me help you, may I ?16. I wish to go home , may I ? 17. Your father must be a doctor,_ ? 18. You must go home

17、 right now, _ ? 19. You mustnt smoke here, _ ? 20. You must have met her yesterday, _ ? 21. You must have seen the film many times, _ ?17. Your father must be a doctor, isnt he ?18. You must go home right now, neednt you ?19. You mustnt smoke here, must you ?20. You must have met her yesterday, didn

18、t you ?21. You must have seen the film many times, havent you ?n陈述部分用陈述部分用SO 开头开头, 附加部分采用附加部分采用“同向同向”疑问疑问.nSo you are getting married , are you?nSo you dont like my cooking, dont you?n口语对话中口语对话中, 当某人的话表示讥讽或怀疑时当某人的话表示讥讽或怀疑时, 往往往往简略重复对方的话后再加上简短问句简略重复对方的话后再加上简短问句. - Tom told me he saw a bear last night

19、. - He did, did he? - You mustnt listen to his story. - Oh, I mustnt , mustnt I ?祁使句祁使句n含主语的祁使句含主语的祁使句You get out! Everybody stand up! 条件祁使句条件祁使句Use your head, and (then) youll find a way.If you use your head, youll find a way.Try again, or youll fail.If you dont try again, youll fail.或或Youll fail unless you try again. 并列句并列句n表示增补关系的并列连词表示增补关系的并列连词: and, bothand, neithernor, notnor, not only but also, as well as 等等.n表选择关系的并列连词表选择关系的并列连词:or, or else, otherwise, eitheror, whetheror.n表转折关系表转折关系: but, whilen表因果关系表因果关系: for, son有些副词