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1、虚拟语气虚拟语气一 往前退一个时态：表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；表示与过去事实相反用过去完成式简单的归纳简单的归纳时时 间间 If If 条件从句条件从句主主 句句与现在事与现在事实相反实相反 与过去事与过去事实相反实相反与将来事与将来事实相反实相反1. 用于用于if条件状语从句条件状语从句中中:did/werewould/should/could/might +dohad donewould/should/could/might+ have done1.should do2.were to do3.did / werewould/should/could/might +do=even if

2、/ thougheven if/ even though = if 条件I will visit you tonight even though I am ill.即使他在这他也帮不了你 ( 他不在这）Even though he were here , he couldnt help you .即使我当时做的更好，他也不会表扬我Even though I had done better then, he wouldnt have praised me （1） 介词短语介词短语without/with/but for 构成虚拟。构成虚拟。(but for要不是要不是) Without sunl

3、ight, peoples life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the workWith a lot of money, I would buy an expensive house.（2） or , otherwise否则，要不然否则，要不然 but I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting. He telephoned to inform me of your

4、 birthday, or I would have known nothing about it. (连词)I would have given you more help, but I was too busy. If I hadnt been ill that day, If he hadnt telephoned toIf I hadnt been too busy 2虚拟语气在虚拟语气在 wish/ if only 后的宾语从句中应用后的宾语从句中应用时时 间间 从从 句句与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 did/ were 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 had done 与将来事实相反

5、与将来事实相反 would/could/might +doas if /though + 从句从句She loves the baby as if it were her son.They talked as if they had been friends for years.3 would rather (that )-现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来： I would rather you paid me now. (现在现在) I would rather you had gone yesterday. (过去过去) Dont come. I would rather you cam

6、e tomorrow. (未来未来)diddid had done 4 Its (high/about ) time (that)该该 结构虚拟结构虚拟 should (不省） +V.过去时我们该睡觉了。Its high time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 二 表示说话人的要求、建议、命令时，常用(should) do 表示虚拟形式名词性从句的虚拟语气。名词性从句的虚拟语气。(should） + do 虚拟式虚拟式 1.宾语从句。常见动词：宾语从句。常见动词：2.一个安排：一个安排：arrange3.两个命令：

7、两个命令：order, command 4.三个建议：三个建议： advise, suggest, propose5.六个要求：六个要求：require, request, demand , desire6. prefer insist The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day.Toms pale face suggests that he _ (be）ill ， so we suggest that he _ (have ) a good rest.The boss insisted that he

8、 _(steal) things in the shop and that he _ (leave) the shop at once.isshould have stoleshould leave 2 以上动词的过去分词用于主语从以上动词的过去分词用于主语从句中句中 It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted that + (should) do Its suggested that the plan be carried out. 3、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包以上动词相

9、应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样 (should) +do 虚拟式。虚拟式。 order, command , advice, suggestion, order, command , advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, proposal, demand, request, requirement ,desirerequirement ,desire Its my advicesuggestion

10、that the plan be carried out. My demand requirement is that she should come to see me once a week.4）Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that It is a pity /shame / no wonder that 从句中的动词可用虚拟，即从句中的动词可用虚拟，即(should)+动词原动词原形形 ( 表示惊奇，惋惜，理应如此表示惊奇，惋惜，理应如此 等口气）等口气）1. It is strange that she (should) e

11、at so much .2. Its a pity that we should quit the game.3 It is necessary that you should recite the new words in time（5） In case should +do I will carry an umbrella in case it should rain . 三 情态动词 + have done 虚拟式 表对过去的事虚拟 Should/shouldnt have done = ought to have done / oughtnt to have done need/ neednt have done Would have done Could have done 表对过去的推测 Couldnt /cant have don