高中英语选修六unit1 语法 虚拟语气(1)

1、选修六unit1 语法 虚拟语气一、概念 语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法或态度。英语中有三种语气：陈述语气（The Indicative Mood）、祈使语气（The Imperative Mood）、和虚拟语气（The Subjunctive Mood）。陈述语气是用来陈述一个事实或提出一种看法；祈使语气则表示请求、命令、警告或劝告等，而虚拟语气则表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。I saw Wang Ping yesterday. 语气Do come to the meeting next Monday. 语气 If I were you,

2、I would not do it like that. 语气二、虚拟语气在条件句中的应用在含有虚拟语气条件句的复合句中，主从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气，现将其形式列表如下：假设情况条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式于现在事实相反一般过去时（be-were）would/should/might/could+动词原形与将来事实相反1) 一般过去时（be-were）2) should+动词原形3) were to+动词原形would/should/might/could+动词原形与过去事实相反过去完成时（had +过去分词）would/should/might/could have done 特别提示：

3、u 主句中的should只用于第一人称，但在美国英语中，should常被would代替；从句中的should可用于各种人称。1）与现在事实相反If I _(be) you, I _(tell)him the truth. If she _（have） enough money, she _(buy) a computer.2) 与将来事实相反If it _, the crops would be saved.要是能下雨的话，庄稼就能得救了。3）与过去事实相反If you _(take) my advice, you _(not fail) in the exam.如果你听了我的建议，你就不会考

4、试不及格。（事实上你根本没听我的） u 在虚拟条件句中可省略if，把were，had，should提到句首，变为倒装句式。If I were you, I would do it another way.=_, I would do it another way.If I should have time, I would help Tom with his maths.=_, I would help Tom with his maths.If it hadnt been for his help, I wouldnt have finished the work on time.=_, I

5、 wouldnt have finished the work on time三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用1) 动词wish 后的宾语从句I wish (that) +从句一般过去时（be-were）表示对现在的虚拟would/ could +动词原形表示对将来的虚拟过去完成时（had done）表示对过去的虚拟I wish it _(be) spring in my hometown all the year round.I wish I _(meet) him yesterday.特别提示：wish本身可以是过去式，表示过去的一种愿望，that从句的时态不受影响。He wished th

6、at he _(not tell) Lucy the bad news yesterday.2) 在表示坚持、命令、建议、要求等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语用“should+动词原形”should可省略。一坚持：insist二命令：order，command三建议：suggest，propose，advise四要求：request，require，demand，ask1 She asked that she _ of developments.A should keep inform B be kept informed C should be keep to inform D keep info

7、rm 2 The doctor advised that he _(change) his job.特别提示suggest 表“暗示、表明”，insist表“坚持认为,坚持说”时，不用虚拟语气。1 The smile on his face suggested that he _(be) satisfied with our work.2 The man insisted that he _(never steal) the money.3）在would rather 后的宾语从句中，谓语常用过去式来表示对现在或将来的虚拟，用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。 did/ be-were 对现在或将来

8、的虚拟would rather sb had done 对过去的虚拟Id rather you _(go) tomorrow.Id rather she _(do) that. 我宁愿她没那样做。当堂检测1 If I had worn my overcoat, I _ cold.A wont have caught B couldnt have caught C wont catch D wouldnt catch 2 -Shall we go to the movie tonight? -No, Id rather _ at home with our baby.A you stayed B

9、 you stay C stayed D to stay 3 -Mike, its a pity you didnt come to the opening ceremony of the 11th National Games. It was really great! -Really? If I _ so busy, I would have gone.A hadnt been B werent C shouldnt be D wouldnt be 4 I am too busy these days. I would rather all of you _ next month for

10、a visit.A come B would come C came D have come 5 Should the weather be good tomorrow, we _ climbing.A had gone B could have gone C would go D went 6 -Why didnt you buy the flat? -I _, but I didnt have the money.A would have B bought C would like to D had bought 7 I didnt see your sister at the meeti

11、ng. If she _, she would have met my brother.A has come B did come C came D had come 8 I wish I _ English hard when I was young, but it is too late now.A had studied B have studied C studied D study 9 Seeing we were very tired, Jack suggested that we _ a ten-minute coffee break.A could take B may take C must take D take 10 The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free immediately.A di