分词作定语学生讲义

1、分词作定语学生讲义（1）前置定语：单个词（包括合成词）前置定语：单个词（包括合成词） doing / done + 名词名词（2）后置定语：非谓语动词短语）后置定语：非谓语动词短语 doing / being done 名词名词 + done to do / to be done 一、前置定语一、前置定语 doing / donethe boiling waterthe developing countrythe rising sunthe falling leavesthe frightening newsthe exciting reportthe boiled waterthe deve

2、loped countrythe risen sunthe fallen leavesthe frightened studentthe excited boy doing 作前置定语：表示被修饰词正在进行作前置定语：表示被修饰词正在进行的主动动作的主动动作 e.g. the boiling water = the water which is boiling 沸（腾的）水沸（腾的）水 a sleeping child = a child who is sleeping2. done作前置定语：作前置定语： (1) 表示被修饰词已经完成的被动动作表示被修饰词已经完成的被动动作e.g. the

3、fried egg = the egg which has been fried 煎蛋煎蛋 a written report = a report which has been written 书面报告书面报告 (2)表示被修饰词完成的动作（但不表被动表示被修饰词完成的动作（但不表被动, vi.）e.g. the fallen leaves = the leaves which has fallen 落叶（地面）落叶（地面） an escaped prisoner = a prisoner who has escaped 一个逃犯一个逃犯 3. 由由“”转化而来的形容词作定语：转化而来的形容词

4、作定语：nthe frightening news the frightened studentnthe exciting report the excited boy (1) doing表示表示“令人令人”，done表示表示“（自己）感（自己）感到到”e.g. a) He is such a _ (bore) boy that nobody likes him, but you have to take care of him, because he is the only son of the family.b) Were frightened by the _ (terrify) loo

5、k on the actors face when watching a horror movie.c) Were surprised at the _ (terrify) look on his face when he saw a little accident happen.boringterrifyingterrified(2) 下列短语用下列短语用done修饰修饰sth. 实际上表示的是某实际上表示的是某人的情绪人的情绪e.g. When Mr. Li saw Lisas puzzled look on her face, he asked whether she needed a

6、help.na satisfied smile 满意的微笑（满意的微笑（sb. 满意）满意）na worried look 愁容（愁容（sb. 担心，发愁）担心，发愁）na embarrassed expression 尴尬的表情尴尬的表情（sb. 尴尬）尴尬）na frightened glance 惊恐的扫视（惊恐的扫视（sb. 惊恐）惊恐）nan excited scream 激动地尖叫（激动地尖叫（sb. 激动）激动）二、后置定语二、后置定语1. 现在分词现在分词 - doing / being donee.g.放在桌子上的钱夹放在桌子上的钱夹 the wallet lying on

7、the desk 站在树下的男孩能够说一口流利的英语。站在树下的男孩能够说一口流利的英语。 The boy standing under the tree can speak English fluently. 学生正在唱的英语歌学生正在唱的英语歌 the English song being sung 正在盖的楼房是我们的教学楼。正在盖的楼房是我们的教学楼。 The building being built is our teaching building.现在分词作后置定语：现在分词作后置定语： 现在分词作后置定语，其表示的动作与谓语现在分词作后置定语，其表示的动作与谓语动词的动作几乎同时

8、发生；动词的动作几乎同时发生；1.若分词动词与被修饰的名词是主动关系，用若分词动词与被修饰的名词是主动关系，用doing；若分词动词与被修饰的名词是被动关；若分词动词与被修饰的名词是被动关系，用系，用being done。2. 过去分词过去分词 - donee.g.上个月建造的那座桥上个月建造的那座桥 The bridge built last month 玛丽买了一部日本制造的照相机。玛丽买了一部日本制造的照相机。 Mary bought a camera made in Japan.过去分词作后置定语：过去分词作后置定语： 过去分词作后置定语，其表示的动作发生在过去分词作后置定语，其表示的

9、动作发生在谓语动词之前；谓语动词之前；1.过去分词动词与被修饰的名词是被动关系。过去分词动词与被修饰的名词是被动关系。3. 不定式不定式 - to do / to be donee.g. 下个月即将在上海召开的会议很重要。下个月即将在上海召开的会议很重要。(take place) The conference to take place in Shanghai next month is of great importance. 史密斯先生将要参加明天召开的会议。史密斯先生将要参加明天召开的会议。(hold) Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.不定式作后置定语：不定式作后置定语： 不定式作后置定语，其表示的动作发生在谓不定式作后置定语，其表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之后；语动词的动作之后；1.若不定式动词与被修饰的名词是主动关系，若不定式动词与被修饰的名词是主动关系，用用to do；若分词动词与被修饰的名词是被动；若分词动词与被修饰的名词是被动关系，用关系，用to b