American History PPT美国历史

1、American HistoryAmerica in World War II 1.From Isolation to Intervention 2.Battle Against Germany 3.Battle Against Japan World War II and the USAmerican wartime foreign policyNeutrality Laws: to ban loans or arms sale to nations at warThe Lend-Lease Act: to lend or lease military equipment and other

2、 things to Britain and other Allied nationsThe role played by America before and in the early period of the warThe Neutrality Acts were a series of laws that were passed by the United States Congress in the 1930s, in response to the growing turmoil in Europe and Asia that eventually led to World War

3、 II. The legacy of the Neutrality Acts in the 1930s was widely regarded as having been generally negative: they made no distinction between aggressor and victim, treating both equally as belligerents; and they limited the US governments ability to aid Britain against Nazi Germany. European ArenaPaci

4、fic ArenaNormandy LandingJapan VS USA/Britain/ChinaGermany VS the Soviet UnionBattle of Midway IslandNormandy LandingIn !944, the Allied armies of Britain and the USA landed on the beaches of Normandy in France, which marked the opening of the second European battlefield. The allied armies began to

5、move across France and into Germany. The Soviet Union troops were under way.Germany was caught in a pincer movement from both East and West. On May 8th, 1944, Germany surrendered. Hitler and some remaining members of his government committed suicide. The Battle of Midway（turning point) Blitzkrieg(闪电

6、战） The Pacific War Two bombs in Hiroshima (广岛）and Nagasaki（长崎） Unconditional surrenderVSThe Battle of Midway was a major naval battle, widely regarded as the most important one of the Pacific Arena of World War II It took place from June 4 to 7, 1942, exactly six months after Japans attack on Pearl

7、Harbor. The United States Navy decisively defeated an Imperial Japanese Navy inflicting irreparable damage on the Japanese force and seizing the strategic initiative. Japan had to surrender unconditionally on August 14th, 1945, which marked the end of the second World War. On August 6th and 9th, 194

8、5, The US dropped two atom bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, killing over 200,000 Japanese people. Little BoyFat Man America After World War II Truman and the Cold War The Eisenhower Doctrine The Bay of Pig Invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis Situation from President Johnson to Presid

9、ent ReaganTruman Doctrine On March 12, 1947, Truman stood before Congress and declared that “the world was divided into two opposing camps. It was the duty of the United States to support free people who resisted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressure.”Marshall Plan The United States

10、 offered a total of $13 billion to Western Europe from 1947 to 1952 in order to protect Western Europe form possible Soviet expansion.George MarshallSecretary of StateThe Eisenhower Doctrine In 1957, Eisenhower announced The Eisenhower Doctrine in order to protect American oil interest in the Middle

11、 East.The Vietnam WarThe United States replaced France in the Vietnam War.The United States was weakened by the long war.American society had been divided.The image of the United States was discredited.Martin Luther KingMartin Luther KingIn 1955,he organized a boycott of the bus in Alabama. In 1963,

12、he addressed the public “his dream”. King was honored for his effort to fight discrimination.The Cuban Missile Crisis In 1962, the US began to put nuclear missiles in Cuba (145 km from the US) in order to balance the American missiles in Europe.We have no intention of putting missiles in Cuba.Situation from President Johnson to President Reagan President Johnson War on poverty Medicare Medicaid Nixon Silent majority End the war in Vietnam Open door to ChinaSituation from President Johnson to President Reagan Jimmy Carters administration Reaganomics Difficult PointsTerms: The Truman Doctrine