广州中考英语必考语法

1、.【一】中考语法考察必考语法点之一：被动语态考察形式：语选，完形，完成句子题型出现，尤其是完成句子。 考察难度：考察的动词都是比较简单、拼写不会超过5个字母的单词，过去分词一般都是直接+ed出现，出题不难，要求掌握被动语态的判断、被动语态的构造和动词过去分词的正确拼写。 要点归纳： 1、 主语不能发出对应的动作主语是没有生命的东西，一定是被动语态。主语是人，从意识上去判断该动作是不是该主语发出的2、构造：be+过去分词+by+动作执行者 3、 掌握的几种形式： 一般如今时的被动语态：am/is/are/+动词的过去分词v-e

2、d +by+动作执行者 一般过去时的被动语态： was/were+动词的过去分词v-ed+by+动作执行者 如今完成时的被动语态：have/has+动词的过去分词v-ed+by+动作执行者 一般将来时的被动语态： be going to/ will +动词的过去分词v-ed+by+动作执行者 含有情态动词的被动语态：can/could/should/must+动词的过去分词v-ed+by+动作执行者 3、 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的不定式，主动语态中不带to，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 

3、Feel, hear, listen to, let, have, make, see, watch observe, notice, look at, help 例：make sb do sth = sb +be+made + to do sth 4、 被动语态常考的固定搭配： Be made of

4、0;     Be made from  Be made in     Be used for   Be used to do 注意以下短语和动词有“被动形式，但没有被动的意思： be used to doing 习惯于做事   Used to do 

5、;sth 过去/曾经做某事Be made up of 由成    Be well-known for 众所周知5、 无被动语态的不及物动词常考的有：happen, take place, begin, start, end, belong to, come true. 7、 主动表被动的动词：sell, wash, write, 

6、;和五个起来：feel, smell, look, taste, sound e.g.: The pen writes well.  He looks strong. 例题一：1.George 11  that Grandma used to be a gentle lady, 2019年真题A. tell         B. told  

7、60;          C. was told         D. has told2.When it was time for the villagers_8_to market, they were greatly surprised to find that the mans potatoes_9_perfectly into three groups.2019年真题 9.A. are divided B. were

8、 divided C. are dividing D. Divided3. they were greatly surprised to find that the mans potatoes were_9_perfectly into three groups.2019年真题 9.A. divideB divided C. are dividing D. divides例题二：在中国人民的帮助下，肯尼亚在几个月前建成了一条新的现代化铁路。With the help of the Chinese 60.people, a new and modern railway in Kenya _ _

9、several months ago.2019年真题was built61.这项工程很快就会完成。The project _ _ _ soon.2019年真题will; be; finished/completed考察一般将来时的被动语态72. 根据奶奶的建议，这汤应该煮上两个小时以上。The soup_ _ _ for more than two hours according to Grandma.2019年真题should be cooked考察情态动词的被动语态74. 为了进一步美化校园，下个月会在学校种很多树。Next month many trees _ _ _ in our sc

10、hool to make it more beautiful.will be planted必考语法点之二：宾语从句考察形式：语选、完成句子 考察难度：考察全面，考察必须掌握引导词、时态和语序这三个要素。 要点归纳：一、含义：用一个句子来充当另一个句子的宾语成分，把整个句子叫做宾语从句。 二、三要素：1、 陈述语序 2、 时态：主句为一般如今时，从句时态用相应的任何时候根据从句句意确定 主句为一般过去时，从句用相应的任何过去时态根据从句句意确定 从句是表示客观事实，从句一律用一般如今时3、 连接词：that, wh

11、etheror not, if, what, who, which, whose, when, where ect. 注意：that引导宾语从句不充当任何成分，只起连接作用4、 宾语从句的简化：但主句的主语和从句的主语为同一人时， 从句可以简化为疑问词+不定式。例题一： "Now you heard 3  your mother said, George."207年真题3. A. that     

12、;    B. what               C. where            D. whichshe didnt know how _31     it, she decided to have a try. She played and played, the whole day

13、through, for months and years. The music she produced was never perfect, _32    each time it sounded a little better.2019年真题A. played    B. to play      C. playing      D. to playing例题二:62.我不明白为什么他们在这个时候踢足球。I can

14、9;t understand _ _ _ _ football at this moment.2019年真题【解析】why they are playing宾语从句，陈述语序，at this moment如今进展时我不知道他是否能准时到校。I wonder _ _ _ _ to school on time.2019年真题【解析】whether/if; he; can; get 宾语从句，陈述语序，主句一般如今时例题三：75. 我们方案去北京，但还没决定何时去。We are planning to go to Beijing, but we havent decided _ _ _.【解析】考

15、察宾语从句简单句when to do的形式。必考语法点之三：定语从句考察形式：语选、完型 考察难度：主要考察引导词的选择关系代词that, which, who以及关系副词where, when。 要点归纳：一、含义：用一个句子来修饰另一个句子的名词或代词 二、先行词及关系词1、 that：人或物，人+物 2、 which：物 3、 who：人 4、 when & where：地点、时间 记忆窍门：从句完好那么用when/whe

16、re，不完好那么用which、that，选项同时which & that，那么一定不选which/that注意：that引导的定语从句，在从句中充当宾语可以省略 that不引导非限制定语从句逗号隔开的定语从句叫做非限制定语从句例题一：George's grandma was a woman 9  was always complaining about something or other.2019年真题 A. who          

17、B. which            C. where             D. whenOne year, there was a young man_4_received his share of the potatoes. 2019年真题4. A. who B. which C. what D. WhoseOne year, there was a young ma

18、n， _received his share of the potatoes.A.thatB. which C. who D. WhoseBut humans have created things like plastic bags _28_ cant be broken down by nature. 28. A. who B. which C. how D. where【解析】：定语从句之关系代词。先行词为 plastic bags 在定语从句中做主语，应选关系代词that。你在网上买的书，三天之后会送到你家。Youll receive the book which you ordere

19、d on the Internet after three days.必考语法点之四：状语从句考察形式：语选、完形、，完成句子，重点考察条件状语从句、目的壮语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句，时间状语从句往往结合过去进展时考察，主长从短：I was sleeping when you came in. 主短从长：When he was watching TV, I ran in. 完形填空出现一般都是选择正确的引导词。 考

20、察难度：考察较多的是引导词方面的，对于时态方面的考察较少。考生复习时除了要掌握状语从句各个连词的意义，同时也需要掌握“主将从现“主祈从现“主情从现的时态要求。 要点归纳 1、 时间状语从句：when & while 的运用 注：while有“然而的意思，表转折 2、 as soon as 一就3、 notuntil4、if&unless 5、so that 6、so that 7、because 例题一：His father was a farmer, and 4  farm t

21、hey lived on was miles away from anywhere, 5  there were never any children to play 2019年真题A. but           B. if                 C. or      

22、;         D. so1.The king took it to the palace, but _27   he played it, the harp sounded terrible.2019年真题27. A. A.when       B. before       C. if      &#

23、160;           D. because2.The offer was so simple _31_ Eileen thought she had heard wrong. But Patty repeated she was willing to help, and their journey to the operating table began.2019年真题A.as B. which C. that D. until3. _30_ we continue making too

24、 much rubbish, the problem will only get worse. If nature cant reuse the rubbish, 30. A. When B. Whether C. Why D. If 例题二：昨晩我直到爸妈回家才睡觉。Last night I_ _ to bed_ my parents got home.答案：didnt go until必考语法点之五：感慨句考察形式：语选、完成句子 考察难度：考察较简单，根本属于送分题。考生须掌握how和what引导的感慨句的根本句型，并且熟悉一些常用形容词和副词的拼写。 要点归纳：&#

25、160;1、 what + a / an +adj. +单数名词+ 主语+ 谓语！ 2、 What +adj. +复数名词+主语+ 谓语！ 3、 What+adj. +不可数名词+主语+谓语！ 常考的几个不可数名词：food，news，weather，fun，music，work，information，advice，suggestion。 注意：what引导的感慨句，主语+谓语可以省略。 4、&

26、#160;What+ adj. +a / an + 单数名词+主语+谓语！ 5、 How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语！ 6、 How + 句子！口诀：主谓排除，形后有名用what，形后无名用how例题一：59.小梅多么繁忙！她总是第一个来最后一个走。_ _ Xiao Mei is! She is always the first to come and the last to leave.2019年真题How busy63.这本书真有用啊！我看了很多遍。_ _ _ boo

27、k it is! I have read it many times.2019年真题What; a; useful考察考点：感慨句。中间不定冠词a易错填为an74. 这部电影真乏味啊！我都快睡着了。 _ _ _ movie it was! I almost fell asleep.2019年真题What；a； boring73. 你们自己算出了这道数学题。多么聪明的孩子啊！Youve worked out the maths problem yourselves. _ _children you are!2019年真题What clever常考语法点之一：动词考察形式：时态、情态动词、动词短语

28、、分词做形容词、非谓语动词考察难度“动词是词法的核心，考察范围较大，难度较大一、时态要点归纳考点一：主将从现在状语从句已经提到考点二：如今完成时4大用法：结果，延续，经历，移位时间标志：for + 时间段、since+ 时间点/一般过去时的句子、already、yet、every、never、“How long?、含有“time表示次数的句子中要点归纳：区分： have been to + 地点 曾经去过某地 have gone to + 地点 已经到某地去了 have been in + 地点+ for + 时间段 瞬间动词与延续性动词间的转换： die be dead buyhave bo

29、rrowkeep leave/gobe awayfrom make friendsbe friends begin/startbe on arrive/get to/reach/comebe in/be at/stay join the Partybe a Party member /be in the Party核心句型：现完+since+一般过去式考点三：过去进展时在时间状语从句中考察考点四：一般如今时客观真理、一般过去时在宾语从句中考察例题一： George 13  into the kitchen and made Grandma a cup of tea with

30、 a teabag2019年真题 A. goes         B. went             C. will go          D. has gone Grandma 2  in the chair by the window when she opened one li

31、ttle eye and said,."2019年真题A. sleep         B. sleeps             C. is sleeping      D. was sleepingAs the other villagers_5_, he walked around the village laughing 2019年真题5. A. work B

32、. was working C. were working D. works此题考察过去进展时，本句话翻译为：“当其他的村民正在忙作时，.。例题二：One day, a magic man _26      the king a harp竖琴.2019年真题26. A. offer         B. offers       C. offered     

33、; D. has offered例题三： “Can I give you one of mine? _30_ the immediate reply.The offer was so simple2019年真题A. came B. comes C. come D. Coming二、情态动词归纳情态动词有：must, have to, had better, can, could, be able to, may, might, need, will, would, shall, should + 动词原形考点一：must can 表示推测的运用must：必须/一定 can：可能/可以/可以考点

34、二：mustnt的运用，意思是“一定不能/制止考点三：情态动词一般疑问句的答复Must ? Yes, S + must. No, S +needntNeed.? Yes, S + may No, S + musnt例题一："We 12  be nice to the old, George," His mother always told him.2019年真题12. A. should      B. would       

35、0;    C. might            D. canThe rough roads we travel along can also_15_us.2019年真题15. A. to help B. help C. helps D. helped三、非谓语动词归纳：和介词一样非常灵敏，在句法中，不作谓语，所有句子成分都可充当。只考察动词不定式、动名词作宾语 To + do 否认式not + to + do：1.可以表示目的。2.表示将来要去执行的动

36、作。1、只能接to +do的动词有：decide, agree, hope, want, ask，refuse, plan, need, wish +to do2、有些动词加 to do 做宾语补足语，常见的有：Ask, tell, want, teach + sb. +to do +sth.3、加 to + do 的重点句型有：1It takes sb. Some time/money to do sth. 做某事花费某人多少时间、金钱2It is + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth. 做某事怎样3Would you like to.?4、后接省略to的动词不定式的动

37、词有 一感feel二听hear, listen to三让have, make, let五看watch, ,see, look at, notice, observe，半个帮助help可以带to，也可以省略改为被动语态时，to要复原例如：This little boy is made to clean his bedroom every week.5、省略to的情况有1情态动词后2Why not/why dont you3Would ratherthan例句：一And don't forget 1  good care of Grandma." Then o

38、ut she went.2019年真题 A. take          B. taking            C. to take          D. takes二She spent all day 10  on her chair by the window.2019年真题A. sitt

39、ing     B. sits             C. sit             D. sat三put her life in danger _27_ her best friend.2019年真题 A. save B. saved C. saves D. to save四When it was time

40、for the villagers_8_to market, they were greatly surprised to find that 2019年真题8. A. go B. going C. to go D. went五But it takes an average of 25 years for a new tree _35_.2019年真题A. grows B. for growing C. growing D. to growDoing 否认式not doing1、加doing作非谓语动词常考的有：enjoy，mind，suggest，miss，admit，deny，imagin

41、e，practice+doing sth.2、加doing的情况有：1介词后+doing 例如：give up doing sth., be interested in doing sth.等2Feel lilke + doing 喜欢做某事/prefer doing sth. to doing sth.更喜欢.3To作介词时的几个常用短语：look forward to/be used to/pay attention to + doing3、既可加to do 也可加doing，并意思相近的动词有：begin, start, like, love, hate4、既可加to do 也可加doi

42、ng，但意思不同的动词有：Forget to do 忘记去做某事事情还没有做Forget doing 忘记做过某事事情已经做了，但是忘了Remember to do 记得去做某事事情还没有做Remember doing 记得做过某事事情已经做了Regret to do 对将要做的事遗憾Regret doing 对已经做过的事遗憾Stop to do 停下来去做某事去另外一件事情Stop doing 停顿做某事停顿正在做的事情归纳记忆：stopfrom + doing = prevent from doing Try to do 尽力做某事 区分：manage to do 设法做某事 Try d

43、oing 尝试去做某事 Keep/go on to do 继续去做某事停顿原来做的事情而继续另一件事情 Keep/go on doing 继续做同一件事情 Mean to do = plan to do 打算/方案去做某事 Mean doing 意味着做某事重点区分以下搭配：See / watch sb. do sth. 看到、看着某人做某事已做了See / watch sb. doing sth. 看到、看着某人正在做某事在做Hear / notice sb. do sth. 听到/注意到某人做某事已做了Hear / notice sb. doing sth. 听到/注意到某人正在做某事在做

44、关注：have sth. done/ get sth. done need doing / want doing四、动词短语近年广州中考高频动词短语归纳动词和动词短语在广州市中考里面主要是考察词义辨析，是历年中考的必考内容。1.speak 语言 say 说的内容 talk议论tell 告诉2. bring带来 take 带走 carry搬/携带/抗3.borrow 向借lend 借给 keep 保持 return = give back归还4. look after照顾 look at看一看 look for寻找 look out 小心 look up 查找字典look down upon瞧不

45、起 look around 环顾四周 look forward to doing sth.期盼5. hear of = hear about听说 hear from 收到来信6.put on 强调穿的动作 wear = be in强调穿的状态 dress sb/oneself 给某人穿衣7. spend：sb+doing sth/on sth pay ：sb+for sth cost：sth take：it to do collect 搜集 afford 负担的起8. find 强调寻找的结果 find out 查明真相 look for强调寻找的结果9. 到达：get to+地点 reach

46、 +地点 arrive at/in+地点 注意：home、here、there后面不能加介词10. 与take有关的短语 take away 带走 take part in 参加 take care of照顾 take place发生 take off起飞/脱下13. 与put有关的短语 put on穿上 put off推延 put away收起来 put up张贴14.与get有关的短语 get on 上车 get off 脱下 get to到达 get on well with 相处融洽14.与cut相关的短语cut down 砍到 cut off切断15：be filled with/

47、be full of 填满、装满、充满16：in the middle of 在中间17：keep in touch with与保持联络18：grow up长大19：throw away扔掉20：give up2019年真题五、分词作形容词考察形式：完形填空考察难度：一般，只要会判断是该考点，就能做对。要点归纳： exciting & excited interesting & interested surprising & surprised boring & bored注意：“ing形容物 “ed形容人常考语法点之二：代词考察形式：语选，完形填空，完成句子考

48、察难度：偏难，熟悉常用代词有帮助。1、another/other/the other/others/the othersanother “众多中的另外一个； the other“两个中的另外一个。对应的搭配为“one. another/one.the other一个.另一个other“其他的，后面+名词复; the other后面 +名词others“其他的人/事物；=other +名词any other+名单数2、a few / few / a little / littleA few / few+ 可数名词；a little / little + 不可数名词。Few 和 little具有否

49、认意义，表示“量少、几乎没有；a few 和 a little具有肯定意义，表示量“虽少，一些，一点点。3.反身代词的搭配By oneself 靠某人自己 help yourself. 请随意吃点. lose oneself 迷路Enjoy oneself 玩得开心 teacher oneself自学 = learn sth. by oneself例题:一He put one spoon of sugar and 14  milk in it. 2019年真题A. many        B. any&#

50、160;             C. few              D. some二and they worried that this man would never get_7_potatoes ready 2019年真题A. he B. him C. himself D. his三Many _28 people tried it. 28

51、. A. another B. other         C. others        D. the other常考语法点之三：数词考察形式：语选、单词拼写考察难度：一般1常考不规那么序数词：first, second, third, fourth, fifith, eighth, nith, twelfth, twentieth.遇到整十的把y改为ie+th2hundred，thoudand，million，billion与of连用，加s

52、，表示概数。前面有详细数字时，不加s。3“数词+名词+形容词的构造，中间的名词不加s。例如：10-minute walk=10minutes walks4分数的表达 3/5 three fifths5年代的表达6“在多少岁的表达 at the age of +年龄7“a + 序数词表示8 a number of+名词复数+谓语动词用原形强调单个的个体9the number of+名词复数+谓语动词用三单强调总体Eg：1.he thanked other scientistA. hundred of B. hundres ofC. hundred D.hundreds2.he thanked a

53、 other scientistA.hundred of B. hundres ofC. hundred D.hundreds3.1.he thanked of other scientistB. hundred of B. hundres ofC. hundred D.hundredsHe was tired of staring at 6  pigs, hens, cows and sheep.2019年真题A. hundred      B. hundreds     

54、C. hundredth       D. hundreds of常考语法点之四：连词考察形式：语选、完形考察难度：一般要点归纳：1and、 or、 so、 but 、 however 、 while、2bothand两者都 either or 要么要么 neither nor 两者都不 not onlybut also不紧而且 notbut不是而是3so+ adj + that. & such+a/an + adj+n+that与many，much，few，little连用时，只能用so注意：however， ，but连词前

55、后形式要一致The teacher asked me to finish homework on time and English every morning。A. recite B.recited C.recites D.recitingThe teacher asked me to finish homework on time and read English every morning。A.advise B.advised C.advising D.to advise例题一：they understood he was not lazy, _11_very clever. 2019年真

56、题A. so B. and C. or D. but例题二：The music she produced was never perfect, 32      each time it sounded a little better.2019年真题32. A. so            B. and            C.

57、 or                 D. but常考语法点之五：形容词及副词形容词：1、adj.后置形容词在修饰someone, somebody, smoething, anyone, anybody, anything, nothing, nobody等不定代词时，要置于其后。如：something important一些重要的事2、adj作表语1连系动词+adj.作表语 连系动词有：be动词；“变化系动词：get, go, b

58、ecome, turn, fall; 感官动词：feel, look, smell. Taste, sound; “保持系动词stay, keep, remain2貌似副词的adj.friendly有好的；lonely寂寞的；lovely得意的；likely可能的3、一、两者相等时，用原级比较：1、A+beam/is/are+as+adj./adv.原级+as+B. A与B一样否认式：A+beam/is/are+not+asso+adj./adv.原级+as+B.2、A+be+倍数词+as+adj./adv.原级+as+B. A是B的多少倍This river is twice as long

59、 as that one.3、A+be+倍数词+比较级+than+B. A比B大/高多少倍二、两者不相等时，用比较级1.A +be+比较级+than +B2.表示两者之间的选择，可使用“Which is + 比较级，A or B?Which city is more beautiful, Guangzhou or Shenzhen?3.“the+比较级，the+比较级表示“越.越.4.“比较级+比较级表示“越来越.多音节的形容词的这种构造为“more and more+形容词原级5.“the+比较级+of the two表示“两个中更.的一个6.“times+比较级+than表示“俾大多几倍7.比较级+than any other+单数名词，意思是“比其他任何一个.都更.这种情况其实是用比较级的形式表达最高级的意思。She is taller than any other girl in the team.可以修饰adl. 比较级的副词有：much, a little, a lot, a bit, a little bit, even, s