高一重点语法专练

1、英语重点语法知识整理时态1一般现在时 He goes to work every day on foot. He often goes to work by bike. I visit my mother twice a month. He is a teacher. He is very patient with us. The music sounds beautiful. The paper feels soft.2 一般过去时yesterday , three days ago, long long ago , in 2000,in the 19th century, the day

2、before yesterday, last year, last night. I was happy yesterday. I visited you three days ago. We built a shop last year.3一般将来时(tomorrow, next year, in 3000) 1 will/shall do 2 be going to do I am going to visit you tomorrow. -Tom is ill and in hospital. - I will go to see him. 4现在进行时 be (is /am/are)

3、doing I am listening to music. He is drawing now.注意: He is always winning the first prize/place.5 过去进行时 was/were doing He was doing his work at 6 last night.When I came in , he was watching Tv.6 现在完成时 in the past few years/ so far/in the last few year/since/ for a long time , already, up to now, We

4、have held three opening ceremonies so far.Great changes have taken place since the reform and opening.7.过去完成时 过去的过去 When I arrived, the train had left. By the end of last year, we had learned 3000 words. When I got to the airport , the plane had taken off.8 过去将来时 He said he would visit you. He told

5、me that he was going to see me.9 将来进行时 I will be watching Tv at 9 tomorrow. I will be flying over the ocean at this time next month.10现在完成进行时 has/have been doing all day/ all the morning He has been watching Tv all day. We have been running all the morning.语态一、 被动语态的用法： 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / are + do

6、ne We clean our classroom every day. _2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were +done We built a new shop last year. _ 3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + done They have translated this book into many languages._ 4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will + be + 及物动词的过去分词 He will plant many more trees next year._-5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词(

7、must/may/can)+ be + done She must water young trees._ 6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成： is / are + being + done Uncle Wang is mending my bike now. _ They are planting trees over there. _二、 怎样把主动语态改成被动语态? 把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤： 1. 先找出谓语动词； 2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语； 3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语； 4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。 例：1.He writes a letter

8、 every week. _2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning. _ 3. He has written two novels so far._4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow. _ 5. Lucy is writing a letter now. _6. You must lock the door when you leave. _三、 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题： 1. 不及物动词无被动语态。 What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs dis

9、appeared about 65 million years ago. 2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。This new book sells well. 3 系动词无被动 taste/sound/feel/look/smell/The food tastes good.4. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 The nurse is taking care of the sick man. _小结：被动语态： 一般现在时    is / are  + done 一般过去时 w

10、as / were  + done 一般将来时  will + be  + done 含有情态动词的被动语态 can / should/may/must + be + done 现在进行时is / are + being  + done 过去进行时 was / were + being  + done 现在完成时 have /&

11、#160;has + been  + done 过去完成时 had + been + done注意：1 The book sells well. The coat washes well.2 The song sounds_美 The material feels_软 The food tastes _ 好(feel look seem taste sound get become )3 want require need The flowers need watering=The flowers need to be wa

12、tered. The baby wants _照顾.= The baby wants _4 The film is well worth seeing. Our school is _.值得参观1 by bike by taxi by plane by ship by train by sea by water by air by road2 I rent the car by the day /the year/by the month/by the week. They pay me _按天3 The production increased by 30%/two-thirds.主谓一致：

13、1 Tom with his friends_( is/are) signing for classes. All the friends as well as Tom _( is/are) planting the trees. Mary together with her sisters _( study/studies)Chinese in China.2 Not only Tom but also friends_( is/are) signing for class. Neither Tom nor Mary _( is/are) watering the flower. Not o

14、nly I but also you_(is/are) tired of the film.3 The /A writer and doctor_ ( is/are)busy. The writer and the doctor_ ( is/are) busy.4Every student and every teacher _(has/have)attended the meeting. No boy and no girl _ (has/have) finished the work. Each boy and each girl _ (has/have) finished the wor

15、k.5Many a boy _ (has/have)seen the film. More than one boy _ (has/have) taken part in sports.6Every means _ (has/have)been tried. Many means _ (has/have) been tried.7 Ten hours _( is/are) very long. Ten meters _( is/are)very short. 3000 dollars _ (is/are) enough.8The rich_( is/are)becoming richer an

16、d richer. The poor_( is/are) becoming poorer and poorer. The police _( is/are) searching the murderer.9 30% of the students _ (has/have) attended the meeting. Two-thirds of the water _(belong) to me.10 Her glasses _( is/are)new. This pair of glasses _( is/are) new.11 A number of boys _( is/are) play

17、ing football.The number of the boys _ (is/are) fifty. 12 The books are intended for those who _(is/are)kids.This is one of the most difficult questions that _(has/have)been asked.This is the only one of the most difficult questions that _(has/have)been asked.He was one of the boys who _(was/were)abs

18、ent.He was the only one of the boys who _(was/were)absent.I, who _(is/am) your teacher, will help you.Tom, who_(is/am) your teacher, will help you 13 The population of China _ (is/are)large.80% of the population of China _ (is/are) farmers. 14 On the wall _(is/are) a picture. On the wall _(is/are)tw

19、o pictures. On the floor _(lies/lie) an old man. On the floor _ (lies/lie) two old men. There _ (comes/come)a bus. There _(comes/come) two buses.完全倒装句： 1 The sound of the music came from the room._2 A mountain is behind the house._3 A village lies in the east of the city._4 The bus comes here._5 A t

20、ree stands in front of the door._6 An old man lies on the floor._7 Here it is._8 Here you are._半倒装:1 I will never forget you._2. He seldom gets up early._3 She can hardly afford the house._4 The girl rarely gets a cold. 5 in no way/ on no account/ by no means We give in to the enemies in no way. = I

21、n no way _ Hardly when No sooner.than He had hardly left when it began to rain. = Hardly_ He had no sooner left that it began to rain. = No sooner_ He not only studies hard but also he likes helping others. =Not only _ We can learn English well only in this way. = Only in this way _英语中的倍数英语中的倍数表达：on

22、ce/twice/three times /four times 1“ times 形容词 / 副词的比较级 than ”例如： This hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 2. “ times +as + 形容词 / 副词的原级 as ”例如： This table is thr

23、ee times as long as that one. 3. “ times + the + 名词（如： size， height， weight， length， width 等） of ”例The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 我们的学校是你们学校的三

24、倍大。 这条河是那条河的四倍宽 这大楼是那大楼的两倍高。强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.强调时间状语：It

25、was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was ，其余的时态用It is 。（二）not until 句型的强调句 这也是出题点和考点,掌握的方法: 多记几个这样的句子,最后一定会融会贯通的.1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + tha

26、t + 其它部分e.g. 普通句：He didnt go to bed until/ till his wife came back.强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。（三）谓语动词的强调1、It is/ was that 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。e.g. Do s

27、it down. 务必请坐。He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形I met my teacher yesterday in the street. 定语从句讲解 1定语从句定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在

28、它所修饰的先行词后面。2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where=in which, when=on which, why=for which等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。1.I know the boy. The boy can speak English well. I know the boy _ can speak English well.2.I have a friend. His father

29、is a teacher. I have a friend _ father is a teacher.3. I cant find the house. My friend lives in it. I cant find the house _my friend lives in.OR: I cant find the house _ my friend lives.定语从句的分类：限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句1. In their class there are fifteen students who can speak English well.2. In their class

30、 there are fifteen students, who can speak English well.3. She has two sons who are P.L.A. men.4. She has two sons, who are P.L.A. men.限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别：1、限定性定语从句必须和主句紧紧连在一起，不可分开；非限定性定语从句一般用逗号与主句隔开。2、限定性定语从句的关系代词做宾语时，有时可以省略，而非限定性定语从句的关系代词不可以省略。eg: This is the girl (whom) I met yesterday. She sang

31、a song, which we liked very much.3、非限定性定语从句中的关系代词可以代表一个单词、词组或整个句子。My brother lives in zhongshan, which is only two hours drive from here.The English party, which was held in our school, was good.He lost his bike, which made him unhappy.定语从句的基本结构：先行词+ 关系词 + 从句关系代词有：who whom that whose which 关系副词有： wh

32、en where why修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分使用that的情况：1、当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代词时。eg. Do you have anything that is important to tell me?2、当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修饰时。 eg. I have some books that are very good.3、当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。 eg. This is the first book that I b

33、ought myself. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.4、当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时。 eg. This is the very book that I lost yesterday.5、当先行词又有人又有物时。 eg. I wont forget the things and the persons that I saw.只能使用which的情况。1、非限制性定语从句中。 eg. Mary has a book, which is very precious.

34、2、在介词之后。 eg. This is a house in which lives an old man.3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。 eg. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.Fill in the blanks with suitable relative pronouns (which / that).1. This is the only book _ I got last year. 2. Is this the book in _ you are interested?3. This is the

35、largest animal _ Tom saw in the zoo.4. Rose still remembers the trees and teachers_ exist (存在)in the mother school.5. All the desks _ are bought look really wonderful. 6. Do you have any money _is used to build the factory?7. Tom has a toy, _ was given by his father. 8. This is the second watch _ my

36、 father bought for me. V. 修饰人时关系代词that 和who, whom的区分。? 先行词指人，且关系代词前有介词时，只用whom; She is the girl with whom I went there.whose是代词的所有格，可指人也可指物。 I saw a woman whose hag was stolen. Please show me the book whose cover is red.Fill in the blanks with suitable relative pronouns (who / that).1. Look at that

37、lady _ name is Polly. A. who B. whose C. that2. The girl _ could sing well went to Europe. A. who B. whose C. whomVI.关系副词when, where, why 和介词+which之间的关系。关系副词when, where, why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=in/on/at+which, where=in/on/at+which, why=for+which介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。eg. 1. I wont forget

38、the date when( on which) I was born. 2. This is the room where (in which) I lived. = This is the room which I lived in. 3. I dont know the reason why (for which) he havent come today. 4. Tom still remembers the days when (in which) they lived in Tianjin. Fill in blanks with why, where ,when.1. The r

39、eason _ Im calling you is to invite you to a party .2. This is the house _ I worked two years ago.3. Ill never forget the day _ I joined the army.4. That was the year _ I went to America.5. This is the reason _ I come here.定语从句句子分析：1 I know the man_ spoke at the meeting.2 That is the house ,_ he liv

40、ed 10 years ago.3 He is the man _ lives next door.4 The train,_has just left, is for Qingdao.5 The man _we have just seen is a famous writer.6 Where is the book _ I bought last week.7He is the man,_ car was stolen last week.8 This is the girl _ parents are doctors.9 I remember the day ,_ I became a

41、college student.10 Do you know the date _ he was born?11 This is the hotel_they are living.12 I forget the house, _ Mr Smith lived.13 That is the reason_ he is often late.14 Ill never forget the day_ my hometown was liberated. 15 Ill never forget the days_ we spent together last summer. 16 His fathe

42、r works in a factory, _ radio are made. 17 His father works in a factory, _ makes radio.18. I know the boy _ can speak English well.19I have a friend ,_ father is a teacher.20 I cant find the house _my friend lives in.21 I cant find the house ,_ my friend lives22 I wont forget the date _ I was born.

43、23. This is the room_ I lived. = This is the room_I lived in.24 I dont know the reason _he havent come today.25. Tom still remembers the days ,_they lived in Tianjin. 26. The reason _ Im calling you is to invite you to a party .27. This is the house _ I worked two years ago.28 Ill never forget the d

44、ay ,_ I joined the army.29. That was the year _ I went to America.30. This is the reason _ I come here.31. In their class there are fifteen students _ can speak English 32. In their class there are fifteen students, _ can speak English 33. She has two sons _are P.L.A. men.34. She has two sons, _ are

45、 P.L.A. men.35This is the girl_ I met yesterday. She sang a song, _ we liked very much.36、My brother lives in zhongshan,_ is only two hours drive from here.37The English party ,_was held in our school, was good.38.He lost his bike, _ made him unhappy定语从句专练1.The place _interested me

46、60;most was the Children's Palace.A. Which B. where C. what D. in which2.Do you know the man _?A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. th

47、at I spoke3.This is the hotel _last month.A. which they stayed B. at that they stayedC. where they stayed at D. where they stayed4.Do you know the year _the

48、0;Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. which B. that C. when D. on which5.That is the day _I'll never forget.A. which B. on which C. in which D. when6.The 

49、;factory _we'll visit next week is not far from here.A. where B. to which C. which D. in which7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _we

50、 are working.A. where B. that C. which D. there8.This is one of the best films _.A. that have been shown this year B. that have shownC. that has been 

51、shown this year D. that you talked9.Can you lend me the book _the other day?A. about which you talked B. which you talkedC. about that you talked D. that y

52、ou talked10.The pen _he is writing is mine.A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy.A.

53、 whom B. who C. which D. that12.The engineer _my father works is about 50 years old.A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom13.It there anyone 

54、;in your class _family is in the country?A. who B. who's C. which D. whose14.I'm interested in _you have said.A. all that B. all what C. that D. which15

55、.I want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday.A. which B. who C. what D. as16.He isn't such a man _he used to be.A. who B. whom C. that D

56、. as17.He is good at English, _we all know.A. that B. as C. whom D. what18.Li Ming, _to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went with B. with whom I

57、 went C. with who I went D.I went with him19.I don't like _ as you read.A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels20.He talked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in the scho