高中语法过关训练 二、冠词、数词

1、1. 冠词有两种：定冠词冠词有两种：定冠词the 和不和不定冠词定冠词(a, an) 冠词不能单独使冠词不能单独使用，只能和名词连用。用，只能和名词连用。例如：例如：The article was written by an American professor.2. 不定冠词不定冠词a用在以辅音（注意不是辅音字母）用在以辅音（注意不是辅音字母）开头的名词前。开头的名词前。例如：例如：The building over there is a hotel/ A horse is a useful animal/The Chinese is a wise people/ I have seen a

2、 one - legged man/ There is a university here/ His telephone number begins with a “3”.Have you joined a union?She is a European, isnt she?This is a used car, isnt it?3.不定冠词不定冠词an 用在元音（不是元音字母）开用在元音（不是元音字母）开头的单词前。头的单词前。例如：例如：China is an old country./ I must buy an English book./ We saw an elephant./ M

3、ary has an uncle./ Tom is an honest boy./ I saw a lot of boys an hour ago./ Many a man has an idea./ Your uncle must have an X- ray examination. / The word “study” begins with an “s”./ I remember his telephone number ends with an “8”4. 不定冠词主要泛指同一类别中的一个，不定冠词主要泛指同一类别中的一个，或第一次提到的人或事物。或第一次提到的人或事物。例如：例如：

4、 A truck is an important tool for transportation.5. 不定冠词用来表示不定冠词用来表示“一个一个”或或“某某个个”、“每一个每一个”的意思。的意思。 A year is divided into four seasons. We have four English lessons a week.6. 不少抽象名词、物质名词前用不少抽象名词、物质名词前用a（n），使其变成普通名词，表达），使其变成普通名词，表达特定的具体意义。特定的具体意义。例如：例如：an ice cream 一客冰淇淋一客冰淇淋a brandy 一杯白兰地酒一杯白兰地酒an

5、honor 一种荣誉一种荣誉a joy 一种乐趣一种乐趣7.一些固定词组中的冠词不能少。一些固定词组中的冠词不能少。例如：例如：have a swim/ walk/ dance/ look/ quarrel,have a cold, have a good time,have a word with, have a good laugh over,in a hurry, once in a while,get in a word, in a trembling voice, tell lie, as a rule, from A to Z, make a face, do sb a favou

6、r.8. 有无有无a（n）意义迥异。）意义迥异。例如：例如：of age 成年成年of an age 同龄同龄die of cold 冻死冻死die of a cold 感冒而死感冒而死at table 用餐用餐at a table 在桌旁在桌旁in word 口头上口头上in a word 总而言之总而言之9. 不定冠词与专用名词连用可表不定冠词与专用名词连用可表“一一个个式的人式的人”，“一个人叫一个人叫的人的人”，“谁的发明、设计、作品谁的发明、设计、作品”等。等。例如：例如：a Lei Feng of our class 我们班的活雷锋我们班的活雷锋a Comrade Li 一个姓李的

7、同志一个姓李的同志play a Liszt 弹一首李斯特的曲子弹一首李斯特的曲子10.a(n)用在序数前表示用在序数前表示“再一，又再一，又一一”，a 与与most在肯定句中连用，在肯定句中连用，这时这时most 相当于相当于very。例如：例如：Though he had failed four times, he was determined to try a fifth time.This is a most instructive film.11.定冠词用在独一无二的事物名称定冠词用在独一无二的事物名称前。前。例如：例如：We see the moon in the sky.12. 定

8、冠词表示确定的或已经提到的定冠词表示确定的或已经提到的人或事物。人或事物。例如：例如：The students are in the classroom.13.定冠词用在序数词和形容词最高级的定冠词用在序数词和形容词最高级的前面。前面。例如：例如： Sunday is the first day of the week. The Yangtze River is the longest river in China14. 在说话双方都清楚知道所说在说话双方都清楚知道所说 的事物或的事物或人时，用定冠词。人时，用定冠词。 Dont you think the price is too high?

9、15.江、河、海、大山、杂志、报刊等名称江、河、海、大山、杂志、报刊等名称前，用定词前，用定词the。例如：例如：the Huanghe River 黄河黄河the Pacific Ocean 太平洋太平洋16. the 常与某些形容词、分词、连用表示常与某些形容词、分词、连用表示一类人。一类人。例如例如:the + rich, poor, young, old, sick, blind, wounded.17.在方位名词前或某些表示时间的在方位名词前或某些表示时间的词组或习惯用语中用词组或习惯用语中用the。例如：例如：on the left (right), in the east (we

10、st),in the morning (afternoon, evening),on the other hand,in the end,in the daytime.18.定冠词在姓氏复数形式前，表示全家定冠词在姓氏复数形式前，表示全家人，表示这一姓氏人，表示这一姓氏 的夫妇俩。的夫妇俩。例如：例如：The Turners are sitting at the breakfast table.19.演奏乐器时，乐器的称前常用定冠词。演奏乐器时，乐器的称前常用定冠词。例如：例如：Do you like to play the piano or the violin?20. 表示发明物的单数名词

11、前加表示发明物的单数名词前加定冠词。定冠词。例如：例如： The compass(指南针指南针) was invented in China four thousand years ago.21.有有the 与否意义迥异。与否意义迥异。例如：例如：at sea 茫然不明茫然不明at the sea 在海上在海上by day 在白天在白天by the day 按天计算按天计算in charge of 负责负责in the charge of 被谁负责被谁负责two of us 我们中的两人我们中的两人the two of us 就我们两人就我们两人22. 在逢十的复数数词之间，指在逢十的复数数词

12、之间，指世纪的某个年代。世纪的某个年代。例如例如:In the 1870s, when Marx was already in his fifties23. the + 比较级比较级, the + 比较级比较级=越越越越The more, the better24. 复数名词表示泛指时，不使用定冠词。复数名词表示泛指时，不使用定冠词。例如：例如：Susan and Jane are twins.25. 学科名称前不用冠词。学科名称前不用冠词。We like to learn English.但若但若English 后有后有language 时，时，English前就加定词。前就加定词。例如：例

13、如：We like to learn the English language.26.在表示季节、月份、周日和节日名称，在表示季节、月份、周日和节日名称，以及一日三餐名称的名词前，不加冠词。以及一日三餐名称的名词前，不加冠词。例如：例如：Autumn is the season of harvest.We usually have breakfast at half past six.27. 表示球类运动，棋类游戏的名词前，不表示球类运动，棋类游戏的名词前，不加冠词。加冠词。例如：例如：We all like to play basketball (chess).28. 可数名词前已有物主代词

14、、指示代可数名词前已有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格以及词、不定代词、名词所有格以及kind of ,sort of ,type of , piece of 等作定等作定语时，不能再用冠词。语时，不能再用冠词。例如：例如： She is my sister. Have you any brothers? No, I have no brothers.29.Word(用作单数用作单数)作作“消息、音讯消息、音讯”时，时，不用冠词。不用冠词。例如：例如： Word came that they won Class 4.30. turn 作作“变成、成为变成、成为“时，其后名词时，其后名词

15、不冠词。不冠词。例如：例如： He is on the way to turning engineer.(但但become an engineer)31. 在与在与by 连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。例如：例如：by car/ bus/ bike/ train/ plane/ boat/ sea但：但：take a bus, on the train/bus.32. 某些固定词组中不用冠词。某些固定词组中不用冠词。例如：例如：husband and wife, brother and sister, day and night, knife and fork,at

16、 daybreak/ noon/ night/ midnight, at home, go to bed, on foot, after school, from morning till night,in space, by nature, by mistake, by hand33. 物质名词、抽象名词前不用物质名词、抽象名词前不用the,如如wood, music, water 等等。但其后有定语时常用等等。但其后有定语时常用the.例如：例如：the music of the film.34. 抓打人体（动物身体）某部位，这样的句子抓打人体（动物身体）某部位，这样的句子不论男妇老幼，一

17、律用不论男妇老幼，一律用the.例如：例如：Tom hit his sister in the face.(不能用不能用her) The bear was shot in the head.(不能用不能用its)The policeman caught the thief by the arm.(不能用不能用his)35. 数词书写时，十位和个位数之间加数词书写时，十位和个位数之间加边字符，百位和十位中间加边字符，百位和十位中间加and。例如：例如：One hundred and twenty-three36. 数词修饰数词，一律用单数形式。数词修饰数词，一律用单数形式。如：如：two tho

18、usand five hundred and sixty37. 几个变化特殊的序数词。几个变化特殊的序数词。例如：例如：four forty - fourthnine ninety - ninthfive fifty - fifthtwelve twelfth - twenty - twentieth38. 基数词和序数词同时修饰一个名词时，基数词和序数词同时修饰一个名词时，序数词放在基数词前。序数词放在基数词前。例如：例如：He answered the first three questions.39.序数词前一般要加定冠词序数词前一般要加定冠词the. 例如：例如：He will be

19、the first to speak at the meeting.若序数词前加不定冠词，则表示若序数词前加不定冠词，则表示“再再一一”、“又一又一”的意思。的意思。例如：例如：Well have to do it a second time.40.分数由基数词和序数词构成。分分数由基数词和序数词构成。分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于于“1”时，分母的序数词应加时，分母的序数词应加“s”。分数后接名词时，应由分数后接名词时，应由“of”连接。连接。例如：例如： one-fourth ; two-fifthsThree-fifths of the surfac

20、e of the earth is covered by water.415241.表示日期：月和日连用时，表示日期：月和日连用时，如如5月月4日，美国英语一般写成：日，美国英语一般写成：May 4, 读作读作 May (the) fourth.年、月、日连用时，常在年份前年、月、日连用时，常在年份前加逗号。加逗号。如：如：September 12,199942.常用编号表达法举例：常用编号表达法举例：Part One = The First Part 第一部分第一部分World War Two = The Second World War第二次世界大战第二次世界大战the No.5 Midd

21、le School 第五中学第五中学105 Zhongshan Road 中山路中山路105号号Room 3 3 号房间号房间43. dozen 和和score的复数开展应注意以下下几的复数开展应注意以下下几点：点：dozen 一打，十二个一打，十二个 score 二十二十1)当当dozen与数词或与数词或many, several 等连用时，等连用时，不加不加“s”，所修饰的名词前常省去，所修饰的名词前常省去“of”。例如：例如：two (many, several) dozen pencils2)复数开展加复数开展加of 表示表示“许多许多”。例如：例如：score of times 许多

22、次许多次dozens of words 许多单词许多单词3)如果名词被冠词、指示代词、物如果名词被冠词、指示代词、物主代词修饰或接人称代词，应在主代词修饰或接人称代词，应在dozen, score 后首先加后首先加of.例如：例如：dozen of these applesa dozen of usthree score of your pupils44.计数：一些状语短语可用来表示计数：一些状语短语可用来表示数量和批量。数量和批量。例如：例如：one by one 一个一个地一个一个地by the dozen 以打计以打计in tens 十个十个地十个十个地1.- Why not take

23、_ friend with you? Then you can share _ cost of the car. - That sounds like a good idea. A. a ; a B. the ; the C. a ; the D. the ; a 2. I dont usually have _ breakfast, but I always eat _ good lunch. A. /; / B. /; a C. the; / D./; the3. - Is he _? - No, he is _. A. an English; a French B. a English

24、man; French C. English; French D. English; a French4. Franklin discovered _ electricity, which was then regarded as _ secret of nature. A. a; / B. a; a C. the; a D. /; a 5. What _ population of China now? A. is a B. is the C. was a D. are the6. _ delicious meat! A. How a B. What a C. How D. What7. A

25、ll these things _ not _ diet. A. is; a healthy B. is; healthy C. are; a health D. are; a healthy8. _ life they now lead! A. What exciting B. How excited C. What an exciting D. How an excited9. _ advice the teacher has given us! A. How useful B. What useful C. How useful an D. What a useful10. Usuall

26、y he went to school by _ bike, but today he went to school in _ car. A./; / B. /; the C. a; a D. the;/11.Tractors have taken _ place of horses. A. a B. the C. an D. /12. _ night a stranger knocked at the door. A. One B. A C. The D. /13. This is _ English book not _ Chinese one. A. the; an B. a; an C

27、. an; a D. a; the14. He is fond of _ music. He loves _ music of the eighteen century. A. /; the B./; / C. a ;/ D. an; a 15.The picture editor decides which photographs are needed for _ next days paper. A. a B. the C. an D. /16. - What do you do as _ director? - First, I tell the actors where to stan

28、d and where to move. A. a B. the C. an D. /17. _ Yellow River is _ second longest river in our country. A. The; a B. An; an C. The; the D. /; /18. One must keep calm in _ time of danger. A. an B. a C. / D. the19. _ twenty-fifth of December is _ Christmas Day. A. The; a B. The; the C. A; the D. The;

29、/20. September 10 is _ Teachers Day. A. / B. the C. a D. an21. Pay attention to the idiom of _ English language. A. the B. some C. an D./22. Boys like playing _ football. A. a B. an C. the D./23. In _ Marx began to learn Russian. A. a 1870 B. 1870s C. the year of 1870 D. the 1870s24. There is _ “u”,

30、_ “s” and _ “e” in the word “use”. A. an; an; an B. a; an ; a C. a; an ;an D. an; a; an25. I have been waiting for him for _ hour and a half. A. the B. a C. an D. whole26. Look at _ leaves on those trees. They are _ beautiful colour. A./; / B. the; a C. / ;a D. the; /27. Please pay attention to your

31、 spelling. Youve dropped _ “m” here. A. an B. the C. / D. a28. In Hangzhou Mr. Green was so struck by _ beauty of _ nature. A. /;/ B. the;/ C./; the D. the; the29. That is _ used stamp. A. an B. the C. a D./30. You will find this phrase at _ eighth page. A. a B. the C. an D./31. _ is food, but _ mil

32、k in this cup has gone bad. A. Milk; the B. The milk;/ C. The milk ; the D Milk;/32. - Ive found a good job. - _ luck you have! A. What good B What a good C. How good D. How good a33._ the teacher has given us! A. What an easy homework B. How easy a homework. C. How easy home work D. What easy homew

33、ork34. - Are you interested in _? - Yes, a little. A. a theatre B. theatres C. the theatre D. theatre35. I would like to have _ room, _ window of which opens to _ south. A. a ; the; a B. a; the ; the C. the ; the; a D. a; a; the36. Madame Curie was _ first person who was given _ second Nobel Prize.

34、A. the; the B. a; a C. the; / D. the; a37. This is _ most important lesson to _. A. a; us all B. the; all us C. a; all us D. the; us all38. China is _ country as Egypt, India and Greece. A. as old a B. as an old C. so old a D. the such old a 39. _ poet and _ reporter is going to give us a talk tomor

35、row afternoon. A. The ; a B. The ; / C. The; the D. A; a40. It seems that _ college students became admired by most young people in _ eighties. A./; / B. the; the C.;/ the D. the;/ 41. I like playing _ violin but he likes playing _ volleyball. A. the; the B./;/ C. /; the D. the;/42. The president is

36、 talking on _ phone with the astronaut travelling in _ space. A. /;/ B. the; / C. the; the D./; the43. Please pass me _ cup of _ coffee with _ cream and _ sugar. A. the;/;/;/ B. a;/;/;/ C. the;/;a ;a D. the; the; the; the44. We always have _ rice for _ lunch. A. /;/ B. the;/ C. /;a D. the; the45. Th

37、e new machine on _ show was designed by _ Bloxes, who were from Africa. A. a;/ B. /;/ C. the; the D/ ;the46. The young man with _ umbrella in his hand came from _ university. A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a47. Well wait for you at _ gate of _ school on _ National Day. A. the; the; / B. a; the; t

38、he C. the; a;/ D. a; a; /48. In _ morning, he goes to _ school at 7oclock. A./;/ B. the; the C. a; a D. the;/49. When you go to _ store, please buy me _ bottle of _ milk and _ dozen oranges. A. /;a;/;a B. the; a; /;/ C. the ;a ; the ;a D. the; a ;/;a50. After _ Christmas Day, they will take _ trip t

39、o Great Britain. A. /; a; the B. the; a; the C. /;a;/ D. the; a;/51. He was elected _ monitor of our class last week. A. the B. a C. one D. /52. After watching _ TV, she played _ violin for _ hour. A. the; the; a B. /; the; a C. /; the; an D./;/; an53. Many people are still in _ habit of writing sil

40、ly things in _ public places. A. the; the B./;/ C. the;/ D./; the54. Lets go and watch them play _ chess. A. the B. a C./ D. an55. It is surprising that _ German can not speak _ German language. A. /;a B. a; the C. the;/ D. a; a56. Lincoln was elected _ president of _ United States in 1861. A./;/ B.

41、 the;/ C. the; the D. /;the57. What kind of _ animal is it? A. a B. the C. an D./58. Mr. Wang is not in _ town. He has gone to _ country. A. the; the B./;/ C. the;/ D./; the59. A great many people firmly believe that politics _ taught subject in high school today. A. the poorest B. a poorest C. the

42、most poorly D. a poorer60. Duffield White, _ of Russian at Wesleven University, said the he was one of the youngest winners of the prize. A. professor B. a professor C. the professor D. one professor61. _ page of the book is torn and _ cover looks very old. A. The; the B. A; a C. A; the D The; a62.

43、Towards _ evening_ cold rain began to fall. A. the; an B. /;a C. an; the D. the;/63. _ terrible life the people in the small village lived at that time!. A. What B. How C. How a D. What a 64. - Did you have _ at the Turners? - Yes, they gave us_. A. breakfast; good breakfast B. a breakfast; a good b

44、reakfast C. breakfast; a good breakfast D. a breakfast; good breakfast65. If we observe carefully, we can find that most of _ are red, orange and yellow. A. flowers in nature B. the flowers in nature C. flowers in the nature D. the flowers in the nature66. - Have you got _ “A” in the history test? -

45、 No, Ive got _ “B” instead. A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a67. From then on _ began looking for ways to go into _. A. man; space B. the man; the space C. man; the space D. the man ;space68.My mother is usually on _ duty in her office every _ few days. A. the; a B./;/ C. /;a D. a;/69. Mr. Black d

46、rove home _. A. in hurry B. with hurry C. with a hurry D. in a hurry70. Could you _ by lifting the box downstairs? A. do me the favour B. do me a favour C. do a favour to me D. do the favour for me71. Alexander Graham Bell invented _ telephone in 1876. A. / B. a C. the D. one72. - Judging from _ num

47、ber of cars, there are not many people at the club. - I think so , people would rather stay home in such _ weather. A. the; a B. a; / C. the; / D. a; a73. She is _ newcomer to _ chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries. A. the; the B. the; / C. a;/ D. a; the74. - Where do you pl

48、an to spend _ summer? - In _ unknown fishing village. A.;/ an B. the;/ C. a; the D. the; an75. None but _ were respected. A. brave B. a brave C. braves D. the brave76. Go and have _ before we set out. A. some sleep B. the sleep C. sleep D. a good sleep77. Did you have _ at the party? A. a wonderful

49、time B. wonderful time C. The wonderful time D. an wonderful time78. There used to be _ bridge over the small river at the back of our school garden. A. a stone old fine B. an old stone fine C. a fine old stone D. an old fine stone79. I have _ today. A. a headache B. headaches C. the headache D. hea

50、dache80. Mr. and Mrs. Smith came to Shenzhen in _ autumn of1993. A. a B./ C. an D. the81. Five years ago, her sister was _ university student of _ mathematics. A. an;/ B. an; the C. an; the D. a ;/82. India is _ developing country in Asia with_ large population. A. a; / B. the;/ C. the; the D. a; a

51、83. Which is _ country. Canada or Australia? A. a large B. larger C. a larger D. the larger84. - Id like _ information about the management of your hotel. Please. - Well, you could have _ word with manager. He might be helpful A. some; a B. an; some C some; some D an; a85. Some warm-blooded animals

52、lead _ in very cold weather. A. active life B. an active life C. active lives D. an active life86. _ Greens live on the second floor. A. All B. The C. A. D. That87. My parents are both teachers,_ works in a college, _ in a middle school. A. the father; the mother B. Father; Mother C. father; mother

53、D. a father; a mother88. - What are you interested in ? - Im interested in _ science of _ nature. A. /;/ B. the;/ C. /;the D. the; the89. - What can I do for you, madam ? - I want _ dress. A. a cotton blue expensive B. an expensive blue cotton C. a blue expensive cotton D. a cotton expensive blue90.

54、 _ USA is one of the countries in _ Pacific Ocean. A. The;/ B. /; the C./;/ D. The; the91. Most of people still think that advertising is _ waste of money instead of _ industry. A. the; the B. a; the C. a; an D. /;an92. Shall we walk or go by _ bus ? Youd better take _ bus. A. a; a B. /;/ C. /;a D.

55、the; the93. My father is ill. He is still in_ hospital. Im going to _ hospital to see him. A. the; the B. /;/ C. /;the D. the;/94. Father often says to me, “Be_ honest boy today and _ useful man tomorrow. A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a95. Three years later that wild field _ theatre. A. turned a

56、 B. become a C. became D. turned96. Carry them three at _ time. A. the B./ C. one D. a97. The professor and _ scientist we are talking about is_ able man. A. /; an B. the; an C. /; a D. the; a98. In _ class, Professor Smith talked about _ English history and _ art of France. A. /; the; / B. /;/;the

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