同位语从句公开课课件92734

1、Appositive Clause （同位语从句）（同位语从句） noun clauses名词性从句名词性从句subjective clause主语从句主语从句objective clause宾语从句宾语从句predicative clause表语从句表语从句appositive clause同位语从句同位语从句 1.名词性从句的引导词名词性从句的引导词that,whether,if,as ifwhat,which,who,whom,whatever,whichever,whoever,whosewhen,where,why,how连词：连词：连接代词连接代词：连接副词：连接副词：2.如何判断

2、从句？如何判断从句？宾语从句：宾语从句： 位于及物动词或介词之后位于及物动词或介词之后表语从句：表语从句：位于连系动词之后位于连系动词之后主语从句：主语从句： 位于句首位于句首/句末，即在谓语动词之前句末，即在谓语动词之前That he will succeed That he will succeed is certain.is certain.It It is certain is certain that he will succeed that he will succeed . .规律一：规律一：主语从句一律用主语从句一律用_语序，语序， 即即_在前，在前，_在后。在后。陈述陈述主语

3、主语谓语谓语规律二：规律二：主语从句做主语，主句的谓语动词多用主语从句做主语，主句的谓语动词多用_。what 引导的主语从句，可根据引导的主语从句，可根据_决定主句动词的单复数形式决定主句动词的单复数形式单数单数表语表语 that在引出主语从句时在引出主语从句时 没有没有意义，意义，不不充充当句子成分，当句子成分，_（能（能/不能）省略。不能）省略。规律三规律三:不能不能规律四规律四：whether/if表表 “是否是否”，“if”不能放在不能放在_引导主语从句，句首只能用引导主语从句，句首只能用_。句首句首whether1.Their friend, Danny Lin, was waiti

4、ng at the airport. He was going to take them and their baggage to catch the True North, the cross-Canada train2.Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days, but they forget the fact that Canada is 5,500kilometers from coast to coast.Some people have the idea that you c

5、an cross Canada in less than five daysthat 名词名词引导词引导词从句从句总结：同位语从句结构总结：同位语从句结构_ + _ + _名词名词引导词引导词从句从句1.I have no idea why you are so tired every day. 2. The fact that we dont get enough sleep is absolutely true.3.I have been thinking about the question whether we should be given more free time. 4.We

6、all know the truth that nothing is more important than health.ideaThe factthe questionthe truth同位语从句的作用同位语从句的作用: ?进一步解释、说明前面名词的具体内容。进一步解释、说明前面名词的具体内容。 Activity 1 Read and find 同位语从句同位语从句其前的名词通常为其前的名词通常为_名词名词, 如：如： _, _, hope, wish, _, order, _, _, belief, truth, theory, decision, conclusion, promise

7、, _, _, plan, _。Summary(1):抽象抽象factnewsopinionquestionproblemthoughtsuggestionidea连接词连接词that引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句that在从句中在从句中不充当成分不充当成分,只起连接作用只起连接作用.He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon.他告诉我一个消息他告诉我一个消息,他马上要从国外回国他马上要从国外回国.只用只用whether引导引导,不用不用if.这个问题是否正确还未被证实这个问题是否正确还未被证实.The probl

8、em _ it is true hasnt been confirmed.连接词连接词whether引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句whether连接词连接词代词代词what/which/who 引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句1.谁会出国这个问题还未决定谁会出国这个问题还未决定.2.我不知道该选哪个我不知道该选哪个.1.The question _ should go abroad hasnt been decided yet.2. I have no idea _to choose.whichwho在从句中充当成分在从句中充当成分连接词连接词副词副词when/where/why/how 引

9、导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句 1.我了解他们为什么离开得那么早我了解他们为什么离开得那么早.2. 我们还没决定好去哪儿我们还没决定好去哪儿.1.Ive got a good idea _ they left early.2.The question _ we should go has not been decided.whywhereSummary(2): 同位语从句同位语从句在复合句中用作在复合句中用作 的从句叫同位语从句的从句叫同位语从句，它是，它是_从句之一。引导同位语从句从句之一。引导同位语从句的连接词有：从属连词的连接词有：从属连词 , ；连；连接代词接代词 ,_, _, 等等，

10、 连接副词连接副词 , , ,_ 等。等。同位语名词性thatwhetherwhichwhowhenwherewhyhowwhomwhatActivity 2 Choose the proper introductive words1.The question _ should do the work is being discussed at the meeting. 2. I have no idea _ the driver made phone call when driving.3. The fact _two pupils were killed cant be accepted

11、by their parents. 4. The problem _we should have the meeting in the hall now must be decided at once. 5. I have some doubt _ he is suitable for the job. 6. There is no doubt _ he is suitable for the job. whowhythatwhetherwhenthat注意注意1:1. I have some doubt_ she can persuade her husband to give up smo

12、king.1. There is no doubt _we will win the game whetherthat有时被别的词或短语把有时被别的词或短语把隔开：（谓语较短，同位语从句较长）隔开：（谓语较短，同位语从句较长）注意注意2:1:The story that William Tell killed the king with an arrow.2:Word that their team had won.（word：n消息）消息）分隔式同位语从句分隔式同位语从句 若被同位语从句说明的名词是：若被同位语从句说明的名词是：advice, suggestion,proposal,dema

13、nd,request,requirement,order等表示建议、命令、要求的词时，同位语从句的谓语等表示建议、命令、要求的词时，同位语从句的谓语用用(should)+do1).I made the suggestion that the meeting_(bring) to an end.(should) be brought2).The order that we _(send) a few people to help them was received yesterday.3). The order that we _(receive) yesterdaywas that we _(

14、send) a few people to help them.(should) sendreceived(should) send注意注意3:3:同位语从句与定语从句的同位语从句与定语从句的不不同之处（同之处（1 1）同位语从句用来进一步同位语从句用来进一步_前面名词的内容前面名词的内容; ;定语从句用来定语从句用来_前面的名词。前面的名词。 The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （同位语从句说明（同位语从句说明“消息消息”的内容：的内容：_）The news that you told us is re

15、ally encouraging.（定语从句对（定语从句对“消息消息”加以限定：是加以限定：是_，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）Summary(3):解释说明修饰限定我们队取得了决赛胜利我们队取得了决赛胜利你告诉我的你告诉我的The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. The news that you told us is really encouraging.Summary(3):同位语从句与定语从句的同位语从句与定语从句的不不同之处（同之处（2

16、2）在从句中充当成分吗？在从句中充当成分吗？ that 同位语从句同位语从句 定语从句定语从句不作成分，无意义，不能省指代先行词，作成分，作宾语可省1 1、从连接词的功能、从连接词的功能1)The suggestion (that/which) she gave is quite good. （thatthat指代指代suggestionsuggestion，又在从句中充当宾语，可省略），又在从句中充当宾语，可省略） 2) The suggestion that you should stay in the room is quite good. （that that 不充当任何成分）不充当任

17、何成分）2 2、从语气上辨别从语气上辨别 表示要求，建议，命令等词后的同位语要用表示要求，建议，命令等词后的同位语要用(should)+do (should)+do 的虚拟形式，而定语从句没有这一的虚拟形式，而定语从句没有这一条。条。3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.4.The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical.同位语从句

18、同位语从句定语从句定语从句3.在名词和从句之间加在名词和从句之间加be, 使之构成一个新句子，使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。从句连接起来的。The news that our team has won the game was true.The news that he told me yesterday was true. The news is that our team has won the game.The news is that

19、 he told me yesterday.(句子通顺，是同位语从句）句子通顺，是同位语从句）（句子不通顺，是定语从句）（句子不通顺，是定语从句）判断下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句：判断下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句：The news that youve heard isnt true.The news that well go on a picnic this Sunday isnt true. 定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句We expressed the hope that they had expressed.We expressed the hope that they

20、would come to visit China again.()定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句1. I have a hope that all of you will go to college. 2. I hate the fact that he told me.3. I hate the fact that he always tells lies4. Titanic is the ship that sank into the ocean.5. He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.同位语从句同位语从句定语

21、从句定语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句 Activity 3 判断以下是什么从句1.It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities; this is the information _ has been put forward. A.what B.that C.when D.as 2.She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth. A.it B.which C.this D.t

22、hat 3.I cant stand the terrible noise _ she is crying loudly. A.it B.which C.this D.that 4.The fact_ he failed in the exam is not the one_he told me.A.which;that B.that;/ C.which;which D./; that Activity 4 Choose the best answer Activity Fill in the blanks The news _(MH370失踪)shocked the whole world.

23、 Malaysian authorities said that there was no confirmation_(残骸被找到)on March 12. The mystery _(飞机去哪儿了)also confused all people in the whorld. _(是否是)an act of terrorism was another doubt.We all had a dream_(有部分乘客幸存)But unfortunately, on March 24 Malaysian authorities message to the relatives broke our

24、last hope. that MH370 dissapeared that debris was foundwhere the plane has goneWhether it was that some of the passengers survived. “Malaysia Airlines deeply regrets that we have to assume, beyond any reasonable doubt, that MH370 has been lost and_none of those on board survived.” But just as the ly

25、rics(歌词) say, we still hold the belief_,(飞机能穿越时间和空间) living with us together. thatthat the plane can cross time and space Listen to a song Activity 6 Complete the sentences1.The question_bothered him.(get) 能从哪里弄到如此多的钱这个问题困扰着他2. _is the use of cell phone. 他们正在谈论的手机的使用。（talk）3._ the MH370 flight lost

26、crashed, but fuel tanks were limited in the distance it had.（confirm）还没有消息证实MH370航班已失事，但是这个航程的航班油量是有限的。4.The question is _ in such a short time.(prepare) 问题是我们能否在如此短的时间内准备好。5.Did she say_ ? （work） 她是在说我们应该怎样做这个工作吗？where he could get so much money What they are talking aboutIt has not been confirmed

27、that whether we can prepare wellhow we should do the work1.The news that there are no lives on the moon is known to us all. ( )2.The news that you heard is not true. ( )3.Have you any idea who he went with? ( )4.Is there any hope that they will be home in time? ( )5.The problem that you referred tod

28、oesnt exist at all. ( )同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句What kind of noun clauses are they? 1. What it was to become was a mystery. 2. I dont know who will help Henry to win the bet. 3. His trouble is that he doesnt know anybody in London. 4. The fact that ships can go there surprises m

29、any people.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句_ _The man from the star这部电视剧已经成为最近的热点是一个事实_a recent hot topic is a truth. (become)That the TV play has become Subject Clause 主语从句很多人想知道为什么都教授吸引了那么多的粉丝。Many people wondered _ _.(attract)why Prefessor Du attracted so many fans. Object Clause 宾语从句理由可能是他拥有帅气

30、的外表和强大的超能力。Maybe the reason is _ _.(have)that he has handsome appearence and strong superpowerPredicative Clause 表语从句尽管我也被这部剧吸引，但炸鸡和啤酒因为这部剧成为了很受欢迎的食物的事实还是让我很吃惊。 Although I was attracted by this drama, the fact _ because of it still surprised me. that the fried chicken and beer became popular foodApp

31、ositive Clause 同位语语从句(become) 同位语是句子成分的一种同位语是句子成分的一种, 它位于它位于名词、名词、代词代词后面后面, 说明它们的性质和情况说明它们的性质和情况, 它可以它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。（对前面名词或代词的补充说明）（对前面名词或代词的补充说明）同位语同位语 the Appositive语法精解语法精解( (一一) )1.(09四川四川8 ). News came from the school office _ Xiao Lin had been admitted to Beijing Univer

32、sity.A. which B. what C. that D. where2.(09天津天津9 ). It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future.A. as B. which C. whether D. that3.(06上海上海)One advantage of playing the guitar is _ it can give you a great deal of pleasure. A. how B. why C. that D. when 高考链接高考链接同位语从句同位语从句主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句4.(上海上海01年春季）年春季）What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious dis