人教版九年级英语unit6知识要点

1、Unit6 When was it invented?语法：1、被动语态(1) .被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。(2) .被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词(如果是不用物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词)(3) .被动语态中的be是助动词,有人称、数和时态的变化。一般现在时被动语态为：am/is/are+过去分词一般过去时被动语态为： was/were+过去分词与情态动词连用的被动语态： 情态动词 + be + 过去分词(4) .被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语，放在旬末，by表示的，被的意思2、如何理解被动语态？为更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义

2、，可以将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进 行比较。主动语态：主语+谓语动词+宾语 +其他成分被动语态：主语+be +过去分词+by +宾语+其他成分如： Many people speak English.被动语态 English is spoken by many people.课文知识要点：1、When was it invented?它是什么时候发明的？invent v_发明 一 inventorn_发明家一 inventions_发明 可数名词invent幺二发明”指发明创造出自然界本来不存在的东西，如工具、方法、手段、汽车、电器、合成材料等。Bell invented the tele

3、phone.贝尔发明了 电话。Smith invented a new teaching method.史密斯发明了一种新的教学方法。Edison, a great inventor, invented over 1000 inventions all his life.2、What is it used for ?它是用来做什么的？be used for "用来做”；此短语中的for是介词，表示用途，后接名词或动词-ing形式。Pens are used for writing.笔是用来写的。Pens aren ' t used fdrnaga 笔不是用来吃的比较：be u

4、sed as be used by、 be used to do、 be used to doing、 used to dobe used as意为 被用作”，介词as表示 作为"，其后一般接名词，强调使用的工 具及手段。English is used as the second language in many countries.英语在许多国家被当作第二语言使用。This room is used as their office.这人房间被用作他们的办公室。be used by意为“被使用"，介词by后面接动作的执行者（宾语）。English is used by tr

5、avelers and business people all over the world.全世界的旅行者和商人们使用英语。Tractors are used by the farmers 农民使用拖拉机。be used to do意为“被用来做”，用于被动语态。Computers can be used to do many thing电月而可用来做许多事。This knife is used to cut bread.be/get used to doing 意为“习惯做”，My cousin is used to studying with his new friends in Aus

6、tralia.My mother is used to getting up early to cook breakfast for us.He got used to living in the country.used to do意为“过去经常做 ”。I used to go swimming on Saturdays.3、the style of the shoes 鞋子的款式In style时髦的out of style过时的Her clothes are always in style她的衣服总是很时髦。4、With pleasure !非常愿意！pleasure n.快乐、愉快、高

7、兴常用在口语中。常用短语： With pleasure. My pleasure. It is a pleasure.It's a pleasure to read this book.读这本书真是件乐事。Thanks for helping me. With pleasure./ It's a pleasured客气。与 pleased、 pleasant 的区另U:pleased adj. “高兴的”。（表示的是主观上“感到高兴或愉快的”，指的是被修饰名 词自身的感觉。）短语：be pleased to do sth于做某事； be pleased with ”对满意”I&

8、#39;m very (much) pleased with his work.我对他的工作非常满意The children were very please舷子们彳艮高兴。pleasant adj. “令人愉快的、舒畅的、非常好的、讨人喜欢的、风趣的”。表示客观上的“令人高兴或愉快的”，指的是被修饰名词给别人的感觉。主语一般为物。pleasant主要有两方面用法：一是用来说明事物，表示“令人愉快的”或“舒适的” 等；二是用来说明人，表示“友好的”、“讨人喜欢的”等。The weather was cold, but the trip was pleasant!然天气很冷，但旅途还是很愉快。I

9、t was a pleasant surprise to see her again1次见至 U她真是又惊又喜。Make an effort to be pleasant at the party在晚会上要尽力友善待人(或尽量使人高兴)。Wish you a pleasant journey 祝你旅途愉快！5、Think about how often ited snusur daily lives.想想看它在我们的日常生活中是多么经常被用到。daily adj. “日常的、每日的"。Daily life日常生活。Daily adv. “每日、每天”Don' t you re

10、ad the daily news in today'? snewspape报纸上的每日新闻吗？ How did you know the news about Greenpeace, Lisa? Well, I got it from China Daily. Weekly每周的monthly每月的yearly每年的6、Well, you do seem to have a point 嗯，看来你说的确实有道理 have a point “有道理”，固定短语。You have a poinLit would be better to wait till tomorrow.你说的有道理

11、，还是等到明天比较好。7、The pioneers of different inventions were listed there.各种发明的先驱者们被列到了上面。pioneer n. “先当区、先锋”China Young pioneers 中国少先队list v. ”列表、列清单”List them and you will never forget them.把他们列出来你就不会忘了。list n. “名单、清单”I didn 'see his name on the lis我在名单上没有看到他的名字。8、 For example, it mentioned that the

12、 zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893. 例如，它提到拉链是在1893年由惠特科姆.贾德森发明的。mention v. "提到、说的”mention sth. /sb. (to sb.)(向某人)提起某事/某人-3 -Don' mention it before the children在孩子们面前不要提及此事。Nobody mentioned anything to me about 让没人向我提过这事。mention doing sth.提到做某事Whenever I mention having dinner to

13、gether he sayshe' too busy.无论何时我一提起一块儿吃顿饭，他就说他很忙。mention + that从句 "提到、说到”He mentioned that the food was invented by a Chinese.他提到这种食物是由一个中国人发明的。Don' mention it.主要用来回答感谢或回答道歉。“不客气”、“没关系”-Thank you very much.- Don' mention it.多谢了。不客气。-I' nsorry to trouble you.- Don' mention it

14、.对不起，打扰你了。没关系。9、How tea was invented by accident ?茶是如何被偶然发明的？by accident "偶然、意外地”He made this mistake by acciden他犯这个错误纯属偶然。I knew his name by accident我偶然知道了他的名字。10、 It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. 据说有一位叫神农的中国统治者最早发现了茶可以饮用。It is said tha

15、t+从句“据说 "，it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真主语。It is said that he is a rich second generations 说他是一位富二代。类似：It is believed that“据认为"It is known that- - “众所周知”It is reported that“据报道"It is supposed that“据推测”ruler "统治者、支配者”“尺子”Her brother is the king, but she is the effective ruler.她兄弟为国王，但她却是真正的主

16、宰者。May I use your ruler?我可以用你的尺子吗？11、Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time.一株茶树上的几片叶子落到水里并停留一段时间。fall into "掉进、落入”He was drunk and fell into the water他喝多了，跌落到水中。fall asleep入睡 fall down落下、倒下 fall off跌落，从掉下来fall in love with 与相爱 fall over 被绊倒-4 -remain意

17、为“停留，留下"，相当于stay。“呆在那里”可以说remain / stay therq但“呆在家里”只能说 stay （at） homaShe remains in the house all these days她这些天一直呆在那栋房子里。They all wished us to remain,他们都希望我们留下来。remain用作连系动词，意为“保持（某种状态），继续存在，仍旧是”，后面接形容词, 名词，分词，不定式或介词短语。She remained sitting when they came in他们进来时，她仍然坐着（没有站起来）。Peter became a ma

18、nager but John remained a worker.彼得当上了经理，但约翰仍然是一个工人。Whatever great progress you have made, you should remain modest.无论你取得了多么大的进步，你都应一直保持谦虚。12、In England, tea didn ' appear until around 1660.在英国，茶直至U 1660 年才出现notuntil意为“只到才”。She didn 'leave until I felt better.只到我感觉好点了，她才离开。until常用作介词或连词，用来引导

19、介词短语或从句在句子中作时间状语。在肯定句中，until与延续性、持续性动词连用，表示“直到为止”。I worked until late in the afternoon.我一直干到下午很晚的时候。在否定句中，until常与瞬间动词、短暂性动词连用，表示“直到才”，“不 到不”。The rain didn ' t stop until midnigh直至U半夜才停。I won ' t leave until you promise to help m侬不答应帮助我，我不会离开。13、Potato chips were invented by mistake.薯条是无意中发明的

20、。by mistake是介词短语，意为“错误地；无意地；不小心地”,常在句中作状语。I took your bag instead of mine by mistake,我错拿了你的手提包，还以为是我的呢。Susan forgot her key and locked herself out by mistake.苏珊忘了带钥匙，误把自己关在门外了。14、George wanted to make the customer happy. 乔治想让顾客开心。句中的make意为“使得"，happy是形容词，作宾语you的补足语，对宾语起补充说明 作用，常用的结构为“ make+名词/代词

21、+形容词”。The bad news makes her sad那个坏消息使得她伤心不已。A boy broke the window. It made the headmaster angry.一个孩子打碎了玻璃。这使得校长很生气。15、Dr. Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams and taught them to play his new game.奈史密斯博士将他班里的男生分成两队并教他们玩他的新运动项目。divide (v.)分开；划分；divide into 意为“把划分为”,be divided into 意为

22、“划分为”。This class is too large; we shall have to divide it for oral practice.这个班级太大，我们必须把它分成小班作口语练习。This river divides at its mouth.这条河在河 口 处分岔。His lecture divides into three parts 他的演讲分三部分。Let's divide ourselves into several groups.我 4分成几个/、组口巴。16、At the same time , they need to stop the competi

23、ng team from getting the ball into their own basket.同时，他们需要阻止对方的球队抢到球投进他们自己的的篮里。stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事； 相当于 prevent sb. from doing sth.No one can stop us from carrying out the plar# 有人能阻止我们实施计戈1J。17、 Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people drea

24、ming of becoming famous players.今天，随着许多年轻人都梦想成为著名的篮球运动 员，篮球在世界各地越来越普及。popularityn.受欢迎，普及，流行 一popular adj.受欢迎的The story had an extensive popularity among American readers.这本小说在美国读者中赢得广泛的声望。Walnut is wide for popularity.胡桃木广为流行。His popularity among working people remains as strong as ever.他在劳动人民中一如既往声

25、望很高。rise vi意为：增加，提高，上升，站起来The sun rises in the east and sets in the wes庆阳在东方升起，在西方下落。rise与raise的区另U:1) rise的意思是“上升”、“上涨”，是不及物动词，既不能接宾语，也不能用于被 动语态。它的主语一般是日、月、云、烟、热、气、温度计、物价、河水等。指人时，一 股指人 “站起”、“起床"。 rise-roserisenMeat prices are still rising.肉的价格仍然在上涨。The population of the city has risen to five

26、million.该市人口 已增加到五百万-6 -He rose and left the room他站起身走出屋去。2) raise的意思是“提高”、“举起”，是及物动词，既能接宾语，也能用于被动语态。 它的宾语一般是头、手、眼、帽、重物以及政治觉悟、生活水平、物价、温度、声音等。止匕外，raise 有“饲养、供养”的意思 。raise-raised-raisedraise one ' s hand/ head/ eyes/ a stone/ the flag/ one' s pay/ the price/ one举起手/抬起头/往上看/举起石头/升旗/提高工资/提价/声音大点

27、He raised his glass and said: "Your health, Carl他举起了杯子说道："祝你健康，卡尔。"The landlord raised my rent 房东提高了 我的租金。dream of梦想，想象They dreamed of going to college他们梦想上大学。Dream作及物动词用时，可接名词、代词或 that从句。He dreamed a sweet dreamt 做了个甜美的梦。18、Many young people look up to these basketball heroes and wan

28、t to become like them.许多年轻人崇拜这些篮球英雄，并且想成为像他们那样的人。look up to钦佩、仰慕The artist is looked up to for his landscape paintings. 位画家以风景画受人仰慕。He is a movie star who I look up to他是我崇拜的电影明星。19、These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams.这些明星激励着年轻人为了实现他们的梦想而努力奋斗。encourage动词，意为“鼓励、激励、支

29、持”；常用结构encourage sb. to do sth鼓励 某人做某事Parents should encourage children to do things by themselves. 母应鼓励孩子独立做事。achieve及物动词，意为“实现，完成”；主语通常是人。He couldn ' achieve his goal他未能实现他的目标。I believe I can achieve my dreams相信我能实现我的梦想。区别：come true “实现”，主语通常是梦想等。I hope my dream will come true.我希望我的梦想会实现。三、重点短语：1、think of 想出2、 seem to do 似乎要做3、have a point 有道理4、at that time 在那时5、by accident偶然、意外地6、fall into落入、掉入-7 -7、make tea 制茶9、take place 发生11、around the world 全世界13、drop into 掉进15、advise sb (not) to do sth 劝某人16、all of a sudden 突然、猛地18、similar to 与类似20、in the end 最后22、 divideinto 把分开24、stopfrom doi