【精品讲义】小升初英语专题讲解十介词

1、【精品讲义】第十讲介词介词用来表示名词、代词之间的关系。介词通常放在名词或代词前，构成介词短语。1、表示时间的介词1) at用于时刻，钟点前。at noon 在中午 at night 在夜晚I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上 7点去上用于固定搭配。at once 立亥M、马上 at the same time 同时 not at all 一点也不at noon 在中午at night 在夜晚 at the age of在岁时at the end of 在结束时 at last 最后 at first=first of all 起初，首先2) on用于

2、星期前，用于具体某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上前 ，也可用在公共节假日前。on Monday/Tuesday. on a cold morning 在个寒冷的早上on Teachers ' Day on September 1st用于某些固定搭配： on duty值日 on time准时3) in用在世纪、年代、月份、四季前。in 1840 in the 21st century 在 21 世纪 in spring/summer/autumn/winter 在春夏秋冬in January in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上 /下午/晚上2、表示地

3、点的介词at表示在某一具体地点at home在家 at school在学校 at the bus stop 在公交车站on 具体到街道 on Longshou Street on the left/right 在左边 /右边in 大地点 in China in Beijing2.表位置的介词(1) . in在里面(2) . on在上面(3) . under在下面/正下方(4) .behind 在之后 There is a bike behind the tree.树后有一车自行车.(5) .next to在旁边，紧挨着(6) .near 在附近 My bed is near the windo

4、w.我的床在窗户旁。(7) .beside 在旁(8) . in front of在(外部的)前面(9) . in the front of 在(内部的)前面辨析：in front of 与 in the front ofin front of 外部的前面in the front of内部的前面E.g. The teacher is in front of the classroom.The teacher is in the front of the classroom.He is in front of the car.He is in the front of the car.(10)

5、. between.and 在.和 .之间between:在两者之间 The school is between the bank and bookstore.among:在三者或者更多的之中There are some American students among us .辨析：? on the wall 与 in the wall （在墙上）图画、黑板、风筝等 在墙上”，是因为它们在墙的表面，用on the wall。门窗、钉子、洞、孔等 在墙上”，是因为它们在墙的里面，用in the wall。? on the tree 与 in the treeon the tree The mon

6、keys are in the tree.in the tree The apples are on the tree.扩展-句型练习Where is the computer? It ' s on the desk.3、其他介词1）表示用”时，by+交通工具，in+语言What' s this in English?扩展：句型练习How do you go to school?How引导的特殊疑问句，用以询问交通方式，表示交通工具的短语? take a/the +交通工具，动词短语作谓语。take a bus/subway/taxi/trainwalk / ride a bi

7、keI take a bus to school.by+交通工具，或on/in +限定词（themy等）+交通工具，介词短语作状语。by bus/train/subway/bike/car, on foot, on my bike, in the bus/train/subwayI go to school by bus.2) for的常见用法 当作，作为 What do you have for supper? 表示理由或者原因，因为，由于" Thanks for helping me carry the box.Thanks for sth/doing sth=thank you

8、 for sth/doing sth 对而言 -be good for-as forIt ' s +adj for sb to do sth.表示时间，意为计、达到”for+ 一段时间I live here for ten years. 表示去向、 目的 , 意为 向、往、买"You can buy this sweater for ten dollars.I pay twenty yuan for this dictionary. |It ' s time for school.表示所属关系或者用途，为了I read this story book for fun.

9、3) with和，写：Could you go home with me?你能和我一起回家吗？表示伴随状态，带有Who's that girl with glasses?那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁？4) about表示大约时间：It's about six o'clock now.现在大约 6点钟了。关于，对于： We are talking about the news.我们正在谈论新闻。5) after在之后：After dinner I watch TV.晚饭后我看电视。在后面：He came into the room after me.他在我后面进了房间。6) of

10、的(表示所属关系)：This is a photo of my family.这是一张我家的照片。的(用于所有格)He is a friend of mine.他是我的一个朋友。表示数量(与连词连用)One of us is from Beijing.我们中有一个来自北京用于某些固定搭配：of course当然 because of因为，由于7) over在正上方： There is a lamp over the table.桌子上方有一盏灯。遍及，穿过：There is a bridge over the river.有座桥横跨那条河。超过，不止：She is a little over

11、2.她两岁多了。8) to到，往，向：He walks to the window.他走向窗户。表示时间、数量，到为止Please count from ten to thirty.请从10数到30.向，又,给：Happy New Year to you all.大家新年好。4、介词辨析along ,across ,throughalong:沿着Go along Zhongshan Road and turn right at the second crossing .across横过（平面物体） through:贯通, 通过 The students walked through the g

12、ate5、介词的固定搭配arrive at/inhelp sb. with sth.ask forat the momentlaugh atat presentlearn fromat worklook afterat the same timelook forworry aboutlisten toon holidaylook aton timewait foron the radioon saleon TVon the phoneon the way tobe interested inbe good atbe good forbe good within classbe late for

13、in the endin bedin dangerat least介词练习()1._ the afternoon of May, we visited the old man. A. On B. At C. In()2.Many people work _ the day and sleep _ night. A. on at B. in in C. in at()3.He speaks Japanese best the boy students. A. between B. with C. among()4.He left home _ a cold winter evening. A.

14、at B. on C. in( )5.Shanghai is the east of China. A. in B. on C. to( )6.How about _ the flowers now? A. watering B. are watering C. watered( )7.She spent all his money _ books. A. in B. with C. on( )8.What will you have _ breakfast this morning? A. with B. for C. by()9.A plane is flying the city. A.

15、 on B. over C. above()10.Mr. Green will stay in China_ Friday. A. to B. on C. till()11.It ws rong to play jokes _ other people.A. on B. of C. with()12.I paid two hundred yuan _ that kind of bicycle. A. in B. for C. on( )13.There is a small river _ the two towns. A. in B. between C. among()14.Are you

16、 going to the zoo _ bus or _ my car? A. on by B. by in C. on in()15. We traveled overnight to Paris and arrived 5 o clockthe morning.A. on; in B. at; in C. at; on D. in; on()16. Hong Kong is the south of China, and Macao is the west of Hong Kong.A. in; to B. to; to C. to; in D. in; in( )17.There are

17、 many apples _ the tree. A bird _ the tree is picking an apple. A. in on B. on in C. in at二、选用括号内恰当的介词填空。1 .What s this(at,on,in) English?2 .Christmas is(at,on,in) the 25th of December.3 .Look at those birds(on,in) the tree.4 .Is there a cat(under, behind, in) the door?三、给下列词组填入正确的介词( 15*1 分=15 分)1.

18、 Jim usually gets up 6:30 the morning .2. It's always cold and snowy winter Harbin.3. The April Fool's Day is the 1st of April.4. The Spring Festival is January or February.5. How many Chinese lessons do you have a week.6. We have four lessons the morning .7. He often does his homework Frida

19、y evening .8. Please come to school half past eight.9. The little girl plays the piano the evening every day.10. What did you do the Spring Festival ?11. I usually take photos Sunday morning .12. Women's day is the eighth of March .13. We go to school seven the morning .14. We were very happy Ne

20、w Year s Day .15. Please look the blackboard. Dont listen the tape.16. I can see a kite the wall.17. Is Han Meimei duty today?18. This is a picture our school.19. Wuxi is Jiangsu.20. I am Row Six.21. She is Class One.22. They are Grade Two.23. Whats this English?24. Can you sing this song Japanese?2

21、5. The boy the green bike is Tom.26. You can t see the football. It s the door.27. We are home. Jim is school.28. The apples are the tree.29. Look! The old man is the tree.30. Please give the books Jim.31. It s seven twenty.32. It s time go school.33. Whos the girl a small mouth?34. The man blue is

22、Jack s father.35. Look, Nancy is sitting her father and mother.36. You must stay home.37. We relate the class.38. What can you see _ the trees? Some peaches.39. We revery happy school.40. Look the picture.41. Who is the girl the mother and the father?真题演练I.选择填空。(24分)1. () The post office is north th

23、e cinema. A. on B.from C.of D.at2. () I agreeYou. A.with B.to C.on D.in3. () I don't like winter. It's too cold me. A.to B.for C.of D. at4. () I get upabout seven fifty-five. A. in B.on C at D.for5. () The bedthe right is yours. A.on B.in C.at D. of6. () I can't find my math book, so I g

24、o to the teacherhelp. A.to B.for C.of D. with7. () It's timeyoudo your homework. A to, is B.for; be C.for; to D.to; be8. () What's wrongyou? A.with B.to C.for9. () Look at the photo of my family. The boy my father and my mother is me.A.inB.onC.between D.of10. () I live Englandmy parents. A.

25、and; in B.with; at C.in, with D. at; with11. () We can watch Beijing OperaTV . A. in B.at C.on D.from12. () People in China like eating moon cakesMid-autumn Day. A. in B.on C.at D.of13. () Can you say itEnglish? A.in B.on C.for D.of14. () The boy sittingTina is so tall that she couldn't see the

26、film clearly.A. behindB.in front ofC.afterD.next to15. () -I think drinking milk is goodour health.-Yes, I agreeyou.A. for; withB.to;toC.with;toD. at; with16. () -What would you likedinner? -Fish and vegetables, please. A.of B.at C.for17. () Who's the womanblue? A.in B.on C.with18. () -What woul

27、d you Likea birthday present? A.for B.as C.with19. () Tom often helps memy English. A.with B.at C.on D about20. () My sister bought a skirtme yesterday. A.of B.to C.for D.at21. () -How does your father go to work every day? -taxi. A.In B.By C.On D.With22. () -Who will beduty tomorrow?-Susan.A.at B o

28、n C.for D. in23. () -Would you like coffee or tea?-Coffee, please. By the way,do you have milk like coffeemilk in it.A. forB.orC.withD. without24. () -Look! There are some children playing gamesthe park. -Let's go there.A.inB.atC.On25. () This new pencil-case is onlyJimmy. A.in B.on C.for D.at26

29、. () The hospital is north the cinema. You can walk northfive minutes.A. on; inB.of; withC.in; forD.of; for27. () I agree you. A.with B.to C.on D.in28. () Winter is beautiful, but it's too cold me. A.and B.or C.to D.for29. () I'm hungry. What's lunch? A.with B.at C.for D.to30. () He isSh

30、anghai now. A.on B.in C.at31. () Let's send a present our teacher. A.for B.with C.to32. () What's wrongyou? A. with B.to C.for33. () Sam gets up seven the morningevery Sunday.A. in; at; onB.at; on;inC.at, in,on34. () Sam is Hong Kong now. A.on B.in C.at35. () It's timeplay games. A.in B.

31、to C.for36. () Classes beginseven fifty-five. A.in B.on C.at D.for37. () Is it a pictureyour school? A.of B.to C.and D.with38. () The man a stick (手杖) is my grandpa.A.and B.of C.with D.for39. () -What would you like dinner? -Fish and vegetables, please. A.of B.at C.for40. () Who's the womanblue?

32、 A.in B.on C.with41. () -What would you likea birthday present? A. for B.as C.with42. () Tom often helps memy English. A. with B.at C.on D.about43. () My sister bought a skirt me yesterday. A.with B.to C.for D.at44. () The bed the right is yours. A.on B.in C.at45. () -Is the cat the door? -No, it isn't. It'sthe desk.A. behind; under B.in; on C. under; at D.over; behind46. () We have Chinese, English and P.E. the morn