新概念一考点语法 学生版

1、含有含有Be 动词的句型转换动词的句型转换This is a book.This is not a book.Is this a book?Yes, it is .No, it isnt.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 How are you? What is your job? What nationality are you? Whose handbag is this? Who is that man?总结总结 特殊疑问词：特殊疑问词：考点一考点一 名词的分类名词的分类考点考点 (2)可数名词的复数形式可数名词的复数形式1.规则变化规则变化序构成方法例词读音1book-_,girl-_,key-_

2、boy-_清辅/s/浊、元/z/2hero-_Negro_tomato-_potato-_photo-_radio-_/z/3bus-_box-_watch-_dish-_/iz/4price-_case-_orange-_/iz/5family-_party-_ country-_ story-_dictionary-_/z/6leaf-_knife-_wife-_thief-_/z/7roof-_belief-_/s/一般词尾+s两人两菜+es，其他+s以s,x,ch,sh结尾+es以ce,se(d)ge结尾+s以辅音+y结尾,变y为i+es以f/fe结尾，变f/fe为ve+s某些以f结尾

3、+s2.不规则变化不规则变化构成例词 sheep-_deer-_fish-_Chinese-_Japanese-_特殊变化foot-_ tooth-_ man-_ woman-_ child-_复合名词以man/woman结尾，_. Englishman-_以man/woman开头，_.man teacher-_Woman doctor-_一般复合名词，前词_，后词（主体词）_.boy student- girl friend-_单复同形feetteethmenwomenman变men,moman变womenEnglishmenmen teacherswomen doctors前词后词都变复数

4、不变变复数boy studentsgirl friendschildren3 3特殊情况特殊情况(1)(1)有些名词只有复数形式，如：有些名词只有复数形式，如：clothesclothes，shortsshorts，pantspants，scissors(scissors(剪刀剪刀) )，goodsgoods，glasses(glasses(眼镜眼镜 ) )(2)(2)有些名词以有些名词以s s结尾，但不是复数形式，如：结尾，但不是复数形式，如：newsnews，mathsmaths，physicsphysics，politicspolitics 考点考点3 名词所有格名词所有格类别构成方法例

5、词有生命的人或物单数名词Mary_ book复数名词不以 s结尾，_children_ parents以 s结尾，_teachers_office二人共有_ +sTom_and Mary_ father各自所有_+sTom_ and Mary_ rooms无生命的东西名词+of+所有者我的全家福照片:_时间、距离、重量、价值、国家、城镇名词也可+s一周的时间：_两英里的步程：_双重所有格of+sa book of_ (汤姆的)of+名词性物主代词a friend of _(我的)s +sss最后一人名sss各个名a photo of my familya week s timetwo mile

6、s walkTomsmine Be动词填空： 1)Physics _( be) a new subject in Grade Two. 2) My glasses _(be) red. 我的眼镜是红色的。 3)A new pair of pants _(be) on the bed.床上有一条新短裤。Her family_(be) moving to Liaoning next week.(她家）Her family _(be) having supper now.（她的家人）Twenty dollars _(be)enough. 20美元足够了。The Greens _（be)America

7、ns.格林一家是美国人。Mr Li with his students _(be)discussing the math problem. 李老师和他的学生在讨论数学题。A writer and worker often_(give) us a talk on Sundays.一位工人作家经常在星期天给我们做报告。isareisareisisareisgives易错题汇总易错题汇总初中应试考场初中应试考场1. 1. Ten years _(is ,are) short time for me.Ten years _(is ,are) short time for me.2. 2. A pair

8、 of shoes _(is, are) under the bed.A pair of shoes _(is, are) under the bed.3. 3. The number of the students in our school _(is ,are) The number of the students in our school _(is ,are) 2,000.2,000.4. 4. The woman with two children _( is ,are ) coming The woman with two children _( is ,are ) coming

9、here.here.5. 5. Neither he nor I _( is, am ) an American.Neither he nor I _( is, am ) an American.isamisisis初中应试考场初中应试考场6. Maths _(are, is ) hard to learn for the boy.6. Maths _(are, is ) hard to learn for the boy.7. They are all _( woman, teachers ; 7. They are all _( woman, teachers ; women teache

10、rs).women teachers).8. The population of China _(are, is ) over 8. The population of China _(are, is ) over 1,300,000,000.1,300,000,000.9. There are many _(peoples,people )in the street in 9. There are many _(peoples,people )in the street in summer.summer.10. One of the students _(have, has) gone to

11、 Shanghai.10. One of the students _(have, has) gone to Shanghai.is isis iswomenwomen teachersteacherspeoplepeople hashas主语主语+ 系动词系动词+ 表语表语The nurse is tall.She is a teacher.My uncle is in.The pen is mine.The pen is on the desk.句子变复数句子变复数 Is this your case? Are these your cases? My case is brown. Our

12、 cases are brown.代词是代替名词或名词短语、分句的词。代词是代替名词或名词短语、分句的词。人称代词人称代词单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemshehertheythemitittheythem数格人称物主代词物主代词形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词名词性物主代词单数单数第一人称第一人称my mine第二人称第二人称youryours第三人称第三人称hishisher hersitsits复数复数第一人称第一人称ourours第二人称第二人称youryours第三人称第三人称theirth

13、eirs类别人称数用法用法 : :形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词后面要加名词才可以使用后面要加名词才可以使用.名词性物主代词名词性物主代词本身就相当于名词本身就相当于名词,不用再加名词不用再加名词.His brother is a driver. Mine is a worker and hers is a doctor.反身代词反身代词myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves There is/are + There is/are + 名词名词+ +地点地点/ /时时间间There There is is

14、 a a treetree in front of the building. in front of the building.There There is is an an o old woman behind the door.ld woman behind the door. There There is is some some milkmilk in the bottle in the bottle. . There There areare some some desksdesks in the room. in the room.含有含有 there be 的句型转换的句型转换

15、There is a cup on the table.There are some cups on the table.There arent any cups on the table.Are there any cups on the table?Whats on the table?There be 句型句型（表示某处有某物表示某处有某物。）There is + a /an + 可数名词单数There is some +不可数名词 There are +some+ 可数名词复数。 some any 区别：some用于肯定句, any 用于否定句和疑问句. 对于特别渴望得到对方肯定回答的

16、问句，表请求建议可用some.选词填空 1.I have got _(many/much) money. 2.There is_ (some/any) ink in the bottle. 3.I have _ (a lot of/many) science books. 4._ (lots of/many) people dont like to eat butter. 5.There arent _ (a lot of/many) apples on the table. 6._ (lots of/many) sheep are on the field. 7.We dont have_

17、(many/much) time. 8.They need _ (lots of/many) envelopes,but they havent got _(lots of/many) 9.Has she got _ (lots of/many) bananas? No,she hasnt got _ (some/any)bananas. 10.Hurry up, we have_ (a lot of /much) homework to do today. 11.She hasnt got _ (some/any) coffee, so she goes to the shop to buy

18、 _ (some/any.) 12.How _ (many/much )are the apples? Five yuan.同义句转换 1.I dont have any milk. I _ _ _milk. 2.She hasnt got much coffee. She _ _much coffee. 3.He must go to the newsagents. He _ _go to the newsagents. 4.Miss Li has to go to work now. Miss Li _ _ to work now. 5.Kate and Lucy must do thei

19、r homework now. Kate and Lucy _ _ _their homework now. 6.I need a lot of beef to cook dinner. I need _ _ beef to cook dinner. 祈使句 表达请求、命令、劝告、建议、表达请求、命令、劝告、建议、祝愿等，句中动词用原形。祝愿等，句中动词用原形。Open the door.肯定式肯定式Dont open the door.否定式否定式否定式是在谓语动词原形之前否定式是在谓语动词原形之前 + dont.口诀口诀“巧学妙记基数词巧学妙记基数词” 一到十二要牢记，一到十二要牢记， 十

20、几后面要加十几后面要加teen。 整十后面整十后面t y添。添。 几十几中间有连线。几十几中间有连线。 特殊情况有八个：特殊情况有八个： 三个十几，五整十。三个十几，五整十。To pay attention to the numbersthirteenfifteeneighteen twenty thirty forty fifty eighty基数词变序数词 口诀：基变序，有规律；词尾加上基变序，有规律；词尾加上th一、二、三，单独记；结尾字母一、二、三，单独记；结尾字母t, d, d；八去八去t,九去九去e,ve要用要用f替；替；整十基数变序数，整十基数变序数，y要变成要变成i 和和e；要

21、是遇到几十几，前用基来后用序。要是遇到几十几，前用基来后用序。用法用法:1.基数词基数词+名词复数名词复数 2. The+序数词序数词+名词单数名词单数 eg : I have two books There are twelve months in a year . January is the first month of the yearEx:1. There are _ students in our class. A. fiftieth B. fifty-five C. fifty five D.fivety2. There are _ days in a week. Monday

22、is the _ day. A. seven , two B. seven , second C. the seventh,two3. The building has _ floors.He lives on _ floor. A. twelve, twelfth B. twelfth , twelve C. twelve , the twelfth D.twelve, twelve4. There are ninety _here .A.person B.people C.man B B C B用法用法Hundred，thousand，million，billion 百千百万十亿百千百万十

23、亿与具体数字连用时，不加与具体数字连用时，不加s和和ofEg : two hundred books / hundreds of books three thousand trees / thousands of trees Ex. 1. Eight _ people came to visit here today. A. hundred of B. hundred C. hundreds of 2. We planted _ trees last week. A. 3 hundred B. hundred of C. 3 hundreds3. There are many _ stars

24、in the sky. A. thousand B. thousand of C. thousands of B A C介词介词年月国季年月国季in 里装里装无论哪天都用无论哪天都用on时刻就要时刻就要at 上上 情态动词情态动词 cancanCan 是一种能力， “能” “会”1.The man can speak five languages.2.The man cant speak five languages.3.Can the man speak five languages?4.Yes, he can.5.No, he cant.情态动词情态动词 cancan补充内容补充内容1.

25、Jim can ride a motorbike. 表示脑力或体力的能力1. She cant be in the classroom.2. Can he come here today? 用于否、疑，表示可能性。1. Can I have a cup of tea, please?2. You can go out. =may, 许可或请求，表示“可以”1. Could you help me? 比can 语气更委婉、更客气。助动词助动词. .本身没有意义本身没有意义, 不能单独使用不能单独使用, 只能和主要动词只能和主要动词一起构成谓语一起构成谓语, 表示疑问、否定、简略答语等。表示疑问、

26、否定、简略答语等。He doesnt know her.与与 not 连用构成否定句。连用构成否定句。Do you know her?构成构成疑问句疑问句比较级和最高级比较级和最高级一、规则变化：一、规则变化：1、一般直接在词尾加、一般直接在词尾加er; est talltallerthe tallest2、以字母、以字母e结尾的直接加结尾的直接加r; st nicenicerthe nicest 3、以辅音字母加、以辅音字母加y结尾的词，要变结尾的词，要变y为为i再加再加er; est heavyheavierthe heaviest 4、以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词、以重读闭

27、音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加er; est bigbiggerthe biggest5、双多音节词在前面加、双多音节词在前面加more, 最高级在前加最高级在前加most beautifulmore beautifulthe most beautiful 二、不规则形容词的比较级最高级二、不规则形容词的比较级最高级原原 级级比比 较较 级级最最 高高 级级good / wellbetterbestmany / muchmoremostlittlelessleastill / bad / badlyworseworstfarfarther

28、 / furtherfarthest / furtheroldolder / elderoldest / eldest注：注：older 一般指年龄大小；一般指年龄大小； My father is older than he. elder指长幼关系指长幼关系(一般修饰名词作定语一般修饰名词作定语); My elder brother is a driver.farther指距离更远；指距离更远；further指抽象的指抽象的. I want to study English further. further reading形容词比较级的用法形容词比较级的用法(一一)1、两者之间比较，关键词、两

29、者之间比较，关键词than. Tom is taller than John2、Which / Who is + 比较级比较级, A or B ? Which is easier, maths or English? Who is taller, your mother or your father?3、能修饰比较级的常用副词：、能修饰比较级的常用副词： much(的多的多)、 even(更更) ,a little (稍微稍微)This city is much more beautiful than that oneToday is even hotter than yesterday.4、

30、数量数量 + 比较级比较级 than My father is three years older than my mother.5、比较级、比较级+ and + 比较级：比较级： “越来越越来越” Now it is hotter and hotter. 现在越来越热现在越来越热6、The + 比较级比较级，the + 比较级比较级 “越越，就越，就越” The more , the better. 越多越好。越多越好。 The more you eat, the fatter you will become. 你吃得越多，你就越容易变胖你吃得越多，你就越容易变胖7.句型转换：句型转换： T

31、om is the tallest boy in his class.=Tom is taller than any other boys in his class.形容词比较级的用法（二）形容词比较级的用法（二）形容词最高级的用法（一）形容词最高级的用法（一）1、the+最高级最高级+ of / in (三者及以上范围的三者及以上范围的) My mother is the busiest in my family。2、Which/Who is the + 最高级最高级, A ,B or C ?Which is the biggest , the moon, the earth or the

32、sun ?3、This is the + 最高级最高级 + 名词名词 (that) I have ever seen. This is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited.形容词最高级的用法（二）形容词最高级的用法（二）4、one of the + 最高级最高级 + 名词复数名词复数 + in/ofShenzhen is one of the biggest cities in China5、the + 序数词序数词 + 最高级最高级 + 名词名词 + in/ofThe Yellow River is the second long

33、est river in China形容词原级的用法形容词原级的用法1、very、so、quite、too等词后用原级等词后用原级2、too to ; as as 中间用原级中间用原级A is as good as B.A is not so good as B. 现在进行时（The Present Continuous Tense）1.表示现在正在进行的动作。 The students are listening to the teacher. He is watching TV now.2.表示现阶段正在进行的动作。 We are working on a farm these days

34、. I am writing a book this term.构成：be(am/is/are)+动词-ing形式 be going to + 动词原形动词原形 （表示将要发生的动作或事情）（表示将要发生的动作或事情）1. What are you going to do tomorrow?2. Im going to paint my house.3. Are you going to paint your house?4. Im not going to paint my house.用法：将来会出现或发生的动作用法：将来会出现或发生的动作时间状语：时间状语：this evening,to

35、morrow,next month,in a few minutes, at the end of this term,at once动词构成动词构成: 1,will/shall+动原动原 2,am/is/are going to+动动原原 3,am/is/are+coming等现在分词等现在分词否定构成：否定构成：will/shall not am/is/are not特殊疑问句举例特殊疑问句举例:What will you do tomorrow? When are we going to have a class meeting? 备注：在备注：在if条件或条件或as soon as等时

36、间状语从句中用一般现等时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。在时代替一般将来时。 一般现在时一般现在时一般现在时一般现在时(The Simple Present Tense)(The Simple Present Tense) 1. 1.表示现在的状态表示现在的状态： e.g. e.g. Hes twelve.Hes twelve. Shes Shes a teachera teacher. . 2. 2.表经常或习惯性的动作表经常或习惯性的动作： e.g. e.g. I get up at 6:30 every dayI get up at 6:30 every day. . He re

37、ads English every morningHe reads English every morning. . 3. 3.表主语具备的性格和能力等表主语具备的性格和能力等： e.g. e.g. She likes noodles.She likes noodles. They speak French They speak French. . 4. 4.普遍真理和自然规律普遍真理和自然规律： e.g. e.g. Two plus four is six.Two plus four is six. The moon goes around the earth The moon goes a

38、round the earth. .1.bebe 动词的一般现在时的句式：动词的一般现在时的句式：He is He is a workera worker. .He is not a worker.He is not a worker.Is he a worker? Is he a worker? Yes, he is./No, he isnt.Yes, he is./No, he isnt. What is he? What is he? Whats his job?Whats his job? 2.实义动词的一般现在时句式：实义动词的一般现在时句式：I I staystay at home

39、 on at home on Sundays. .He He stays stays at home on at home on Sundays. . I I dontdont stay at home on stay at home on Sundays. .He He doesntdoesnt stay at home on stay at home on SundaySundays.s. Do Do you stay at home on you stay at home on Sundays? ?DoesDoes he stay at home on he stay at home o

40、n Sundays? ? 一般过去时一般过去时规则动词过去式的构成规则动词过去式的构成构成规则例词1、一般在动词原形末尾加、一般在动词原形末尾加 ed look looked play played start started2、结尾是、结尾是 e 的动词加的动词加 - d live lived hope hoped use used3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的、末尾只有一个辅音字母的 重读闭音节词，先双写这重读闭音节词，先双写这 个辅音字母，再加个辅音字母，再加ed stop stoppedplan planned4、结尾是、结尾是“辅音字母辅音字母+y”的动词，的动词， 先变先变“y”为为“

41、i”再加再加ed study studiedcarry carried常用时间常用时间Yesterday , yesterday morning (afternoon, evening)last night (week, month, year)two days ago, a week ago, three years agoin 1990, (in 1998)just now用用 法法1、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在状、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在状态。态。 He was here yesterday. I got up at six thirty yesterday morning

42、. My father was at work yesterday afternoon.2、表示、表示过去过去经常或反复发生的动作。经常或反复发生的动作。 My father often went to work by bus last year. 否定句：否定句： did not (didnt) （动词变原形）（动词变原形） 疑问句：疑问句： Did you ? （动词变原形）（动词变原形）e.g. I stayed at her home last night. I didnt stay at her home last night. Did you stay at her home la

43、st night? They cleaned the room this morning. They didnt clean the room this morning. Did they clean the room this morning? Yes, I did.Yes, I did.No, I didnNo, I didnt. t.另注意以下这几种句子的否定句、疑问句：1、Be 动词的句子动词的句子 (过去式过去式was/were） He was at home yesterday.He was at home yesterday. He He was notwas not at ho

44、me yesterday. at home yesterday. (wasn(wasn t)t) WasWas he at home yesterday? he at home yesterday? They were at home yesterday. They were at home yesterday. They They were notwere not at home yesterday. at home yesterday. (werent)(werent) WereWere they at home yesterday? they at home yesterday?2、情态

45、动词、情态动词can的句子的句子 (can的过的过去式是去式是could) She could come to the party She couldnt come to the party. Could she come to the party?3、have 的句子的句子 (过去式过去式had) （例句）（例句）He He had gothad got a car two years ago. a car two years ago.He He hadnhadn t t got got a car two years ago. a car two years ago. HadHad he

46、he got got a car two years ago?a car two years ago?They They had had a good time.a good time.They They didnt havedidnt have a good time. a good time. DidDid they they have have a good time?a good time?Have用法用法Made by Amanda现现在完成在完成时时用法一：表示用法一：表示过过去或已去或已经经完成的完成的动动作作对现对现在造在造成的成的影响或影响或结结果果。 。构成：构成：have

47、I I have finishedhave finished my homework. my homework. He He has readhas read the book . the book .Her mother Her mother has boughthas bought a new dress for her. a new dress for her.（不必再做）（不必再做）（了解书的内容）（了解书的内容）（有一件新衣服）（有一件新衣服）has+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词现现在完成在完成时时： ：强调过强调过去的去的动动作作对现对现在影响在影响一般一般过过去去时时： ：强调过

48、强调过去去发发生的事情生的事情I _breakfast.I _breakfast.I I _ _breakfast breakfast an hour ago.an hour ago.He _his hometown.He _his hometown.HeHe _ _his hometown his hometown last year.last year. 总结总结：过过去去时时 常和常和 时间时间状状语连语连用用完成完成时时 不和不和 过过去去时间连时间连用用have hadhave hadhadhadhas lefthas leftleftleft吃离开翻翻译译下面的句子下面的句子1 1

49、） ）DavidDavid写了一封信写了一封信给给 他的朋友他的朋友2 2）她看）她看过这过这部部电电影影3 3）他）他们们打打扫过扫过教室教室4 4）他去年来）他去年来过这过这儿儿1） ）David has written a letter to his friend. 2)She has seen the movie.3)They have cleaned the classroom.4)He came here last year.怎怎样样把上面的句子把上面的句子变变一般疑一般疑问问句？句？1） ）Has David written a letter to his friend ?2)H

50、as she seen the movie ?4) Did he come here last year?3)Have they cleaned the classroom ?有此类副词时有此类副词时,常强调动作完成常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续不强调动作的持续.完成完成时时和和ever, already, yetever, already, yet连连用用 。 。We haveWe have alreadyalready finished our homework .finished our homework .We havenWe havent finished our homework

51、 t finished our homework yetyet. .Have you finished your homework Have you finished your homework yetyet ? ?Have youHave you ever ever seen a tiger ? seen a tiger ?Have you _been to Japan?I have _ finished my homework.I havent finished my homework _.1.1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。2.2.过去已经

52、开始，持续到现在的动作或状态过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态had breakfast I have already had breakfast.Im not hungry nowmoved herein 2000I still live hereI have lived here for 12 years.I have lived here since 2000. nownowI have lived here since 12 years ago.2.2.某个动作从过去已经开始某个动作从过去已经开始, ,一直延续到现在一直延续到现在, ,还有可能持还有可能持续到将来续到将来. .动作的

53、延续性要通过动作的延续性要通过一段时间一段时间来表示来表示. .一段时间的表达方法有两种一段时间的表达方法有两种:for +时间段时间段 : for two weekssince+过去时间点过去时间点 since nine, since last week, since two weeks agosince +过去时的从句过去时的从句since you came here, since you went home.He has been away since last week.He has been away for a week.对划线部分提问用对划线部分提问用How long短暂性动词短

54、暂性动词不能和时间段连用不能和时间段连用,但是他可以转换成相应但是他可以转换成相应的的延续性动词延续性动词.1.直接用延续性动词直接用延续性动词buy have borrowkeep put on- wear2.转换成转换成be+名词名词go to school be a student 3. 转换成转换成be+形容词或副词形容词或副词 diebe dead finish be over leavebe away have (has) been to have (has) gone to曾经去过某地曾经去过某地已经到某地去了（人不在已经到某地去了（人不在）I I have been tohav

55、e been to Beijing. Beijing.I I have gone tohave gone to Beijing. Beijing.He He has been tohas been to the school library . the school library .He He has gone tohas gone to the school library . the school library .They They have beenhave been there. there.They They have gonehave gone there . there .过

56、去进行时过去进行时 构成构成 was /were +doingAt that time she was studying in Beijing .They were having classes at 10 that morning.What were you doing at 7 yesterday evening? 过去进行时的用法1表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。They were doing morning exercise at 7 yesterday morning.2. 表示过去某阶段正在进行的动作。表示过去某阶段正在进行的动作。At that t

57、ime she was working in Beijing.3.作为铺叙故事情节的背景，引出由一般过去时作为铺叙故事情节的背景，引出由一般过去时表示的新动作。表示的新动作。When I was eating, the telephone rang.与过去进行时连用的时间状语与过去进行时连用的时间状语at that time 那时那时 at ten this morning 今天上午十点今天上午十点when we left school 当我们离开学校当我们离开学校 then 那时那时this time yesterday 昨天的这个时候昨天的这个时候 at noon last Sunday

58、在上个星期天中午在上个星期天中午过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时wI asked the price of the car, but they had already sold it.wShe went on holiday after she had taken the examination.wShe had finished the housework before she went out.wWe had had dinner before they arrived.1. How many songs had you learned by the end of last term?2. By yesterday evening, he had read it three times.3. He had learned two hundred