必修一英语第五单元语法

1、定语从句定语从句（the attributive clause） 被定语从句限定的词是被定语从句限定的词是_ ，引导定语，引导定语从句的词叫做从句的词叫做 _ 或或 _。 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接连接（连接定语从句和主句）、（连接定语从句和主句）、替代替代（替代前面的（替代前面的先行词）、先行词）、成分成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。句子成分）。在复合句中，在复合句中，充当充当_ 用的从句是定语从句用的从句是定语从句 “先行词先行词”“关系代词关系代词” “关系副词关系副词”形容词形容词关系代词的用法关系代词的用法

2、关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以：指人指人 指物指物主语主语宾语宾语定语定语表语表语whomwhowhichthatwhoseThis is the factory.I worked in the factory ten years ago. 1. 关系副词关系副词 whereThis is the factory where I worked ten years ago.The school is near a park. My son studies in this school. The school where my son studies is near a park.Th

3、is is the factory where I worked ten years ago.The school where my son studies is near a park.where 引导的定语从句修饰表示地点引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的名词的名词, 并在定语从句中作并在定语从句中作 _,相当于相当于“介词介词 + _ (which)”。in whichin which地点状语地点状语关系代词关系代词Theyll never forget July 1. Hong Kong returned to its motherland on July 1. 2. 关系副词关系副词whe

4、nTheyll never forget July 1 when Hong Kong returned to its motherland.The days are gone forever. We lived together happily during those days. The days when we lived together happily are gone forever.Theyll never forget July 1 when Hong Kong returned to its motherland.The days when we lived together

5、happily are gone forever.on whichduring whichwhen 引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名词名词, 在定语从句中作在定语从句中作 _, 相当相当于于“介词介词 + _ (which)”。时间状语时间状语关系代词关系代词There are many reasons.People like traveling for many reasons. 3. 关系副词关系副词whywhy 引导的定语从句修饰先行词引导的定语从句修饰先行词 reason, 在从句中作原因状语在从句中作原因状语, 相当相当于于“for + which”。The

6、re are many reasons why people like traveling.for whichThe relative adverbReferring to Function in the clausewhen ( = at/ in/ on/ + which)where ( = in/ at/ + which)why ( = for + which)timeadverbial of timeplacereasonadverbial of placeadverbial of reason1. Beijing is the place _ I was born.2. Is this

7、 the reason _ he refused our offer?3. I will never forget the day _ I first met you on the seashore. 4. There are occasions _ one must yield. where (in which)why (for which)when (onwhich)when (on which)n. 场合；时机场合；时机 on occasion: 在在 时刻时刻/场合场合occasions ona. This is the place where he works. This is th

8、e place which / that we visited last year.b. That was the day when he arrived. Do you still remember the day that/which we spent together?c. This is the reason why he left. The reason that/which he gave us was quite reasonable.选择定语从句的关系词一定要看先行词选择定语从句的关系词一定要看先行词在从句中在从句中所做成分。当先行词在从句中所做成分。当先行词在从句中作作状语状

9、语，则选择相应的关系，则选择相应的关系 _。当。当先行词在从句中作先行词在从句中作主语主语, 宾语或表语宾语或表语, 则则选择相应的关系选择相应的关系 _。副词副词代词代词1. Ill never forget the days _ we worked (vi.) together.2. Ill never forget the days _ we spent (vt.) together.3. I went to the company _ I worked (vi.) ten years ago.when/in whichwhichwhere / in which4. I went to

10、the company _ I visited (vt.) ten years ago.5. This is the reason _ he was late. 6. This is the reason _ he gave. (vt.) whichwhy/ for whichthat/which关系代词关系代词在定语从句中做在定语从句中做介词宾语介词宾语时时, 从从句常由句常由介词介词 + 关系代词关系代词引导。引导。 1. I will give you the book (that/which) you asked for. = I will give you the book for

11、which you asked.2. We met the man (whom/that/who) we talked about.= We met the man about whom we talked.介词介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句时关系代词引导定语从句时,如先行词是物如先行词是物, 关系代词只能为关系代词只能为which。介词介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句时关系代词引导定语从句时,如先行词是人如先行词是人, 关系代词只能为关系代词只能为whom。He is the man _ whom you can believe.1. 看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配i

12、n2. 看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配He gave me some books _ which I am not very familiar.with3. 根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配This is our classroom, _ which there is a teachers desk.in the front oflisten to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of 等固定短语动词等固定短语动词, 在定语从在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动

13、词分开。句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。This is the boy whom she has taken care of. 用适当的关系词填空用适当的关系词填空 1) October 1, 1949 was the day_ (_ _) China was founded. 2) Beijing is the place _ (_ _) I came. 3) Is this the reason _ (_ _) he didnt want to see me?whenon whichwherefrom whichwhyfor which 4) Is this the room _(_ _)

14、we were living last winter? 5) I remember the days _ (_ _) I lived there. 6) Yesterday, we had a meeting _ (_ _) we discussed many problems.where in whichwhenduring whichat whichwhere对比练习：用适当的关系词填空对比练习：用适当的关系词填空1. The room _ he once lived is still there. The room _ I have to clean every day belongs

15、to my mother.where/in which(that/which)2. I will never forget the day_ I met you. I will never forget the day _ we spent together.when/on which(that/which)注意：当先行词是时间、地点、原因时，定注意：当先行词是时间、地点、原因时，定语从句的引导词在从句中语从句的引导词在从句中做状语做状语时才用时才用关系关系副词副词when、 where、 why；如做主语、宾语、；如做主语、宾语、表语仍用关系代词表语仍用关系代词that、 which3. I

16、 dont believe the reason _ Tom is crying. I dont know the reason _Tom has given to us.why/for which(that/which)1. 找出先行词找出先行词2. 看先行词看先行词/关系词在从句中所做的成分。关系词在从句中所做的成分。1). 先行词在从句中做主、定、表、宾语时，选先行词在从句中做主、定、表、宾语时，选择关系代词择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)2). 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状

17、语，地点状语，when 时间状语，时间状语，why 原因状原因状语语) 。3. 在选完关系词后带入验证（把关系词还原到从在选完关系词后带入验证（把关系词还原到从句中）句中） 判定用判定用“关代关代”还是还是“关副关副” 步骤：步骤：1. I will never forget the day which I first went to school. 2. The house where we visited is being repaired now. when(which/that)3. The reason that he didnt come to school yesterday i

18、s that he was ill.why4. Im going to work in the hospital where needs me.which1. I will never forget the day which I first went to school. 2. The house where we visited is being repaired now. Please correct the errors.5.IshallneverforgetthoseyearswhichIlivedinthefarmwhereyouvisitedlastweek.6.TheradiosetwhichIboughtitlastweekhasgonewrong.7.Ineverforgett