历届高考英语语法填空真题及答案

1、历年高考语法填空真题1. (2018 全国卷 I)阅谈下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years(long) than non-runners. You don t have to run fast or for long 62(see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63_(die) ea

2、rly by running.While running regularly can t make you live forever, the r64iew says(be) more effective at lengthening life 65_ walking, cycling or swimming.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed amere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of hea

3、rt disease and earlydeaths from all 67 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise . it s probablyrunning. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68(strength) your leg muscles (肌肉)，avoid hills and getgood running shoes. Running is cheap, easy

4、 and it69_ s always(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the samebenefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.2. (2018 全国卷 II)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内 单词的正确形式。Diets have changed in china-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, thecountry 61

5、 (grow) more corn than riceoCorn production has jumpednearly 125 percent over _62_ past 25 years, while rice has increased only7 percent.A taste for meat is 63_(actual) behind the change: An important part ofits corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corns rise: Thegover

6、nment encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64_ (improve) waterquality. Corn uses less water _65_rice andcreates less fertilizer (化肥)runoff. This switch has decreased66_(pollute)in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer forpeople.According to the World Bank,

7、China accounts for about 30 percent of total67_ (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculturefinds that between 2005-when the government 68_ (start) asoil-testing program 69_ gives specific fertilizer recommendationsto farmers- and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million to

8、ns. That prevented theemission(排放)of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. Chinas approach to protecting itsenvironment while 70_ (feed) its citizens“offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says thebanks Juergen Voegele.3. (2018 全国卷 III)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或country 61

9、 (grow) more corn than riceoCorn production has jumped括号内单词的正确形式。rm not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere. Im walking on a path in the forest in theCentral African Republic. Unexpectedl y, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who beginsscreami

10、ng at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-poundmale appears. He screams the_ 63(loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and chargestoward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid_ 64(look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel 6

11、5 (challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. rm a 66 (science) who studies animals such as apesand monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas rd beenobserving. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was ju

12、st glad to find _ 68(they) alive. True to gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal69(mean) no real harm. He was just saying:“Im king of this forest, and hereisyour reminder! Once his messagewas delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.4. (2017 全国I)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括 号内单词的正确形式。There ha

13、s been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat contentand less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界)61a method of fighting heart disease, hashad some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease- the verything the medical communit

14、y was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required_ 63(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodilyfunctions. When fat and salt 64_(remove) from food, thefood tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat

15、more food to try tomake up for that something missing. Even _ 66(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food _ 67(be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat thanthey need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will redu

16、ce the urge to snack(吃 点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) notto go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have toomuch of both, 70 is not good for the health.5. (2017 全国H)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In 1863 the first underground passenger rail

17、way in the world opened in London. Itran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) onthe roads above as they travelled to and62_ work. It took three years to completeand was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, _63_ (lay)the trac

18、k and then building a strong roof over 64_ top. When all those had been done,the road surface was replaced.Steam engines_ 65_(use) to pull the carriages and it must havebeen_ 66_(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.However, the railway quickly proved to be a great succes

19、sand within six months, morethan 25,000 people were using_67_ every day.Later, engineers_68_ (manage) to construct railways in a system ofdeep tunnels (隧道)，which became known to the tube. This developmentwas only possible with the_ 69_(introduce) of electric-powered enginesand lifts. The central Lon

20、don Railway was one of the most_ 70_(success)of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright redcarriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.6. (2017 全国川)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life.

21、 Sarah Thomasis looking forward to challengeof her new A-level course .But unlike schoolfriends ,16-year-oldSarahis not spending half-term 61_ (rest).Instead, she is earning $6500 a day _ model in New York.Sarah 63_ (tell) that she could be Britainrmode s newearning a million dollars in the new year

22、. Her father Peter 44,wants her to give upschool to model fulltime But Sarah, _64_ has taken part in shows alongwith top models wants 65_ (prove) that she has brains as well asbeauty. She is determined to carry on with he66_(educate).She has turned down several_ 67_ (invitation) to star at shows ino

23、rder to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to modelfull time before going to university to get a degree 68_engineering or architecture.Sarah says, My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school_69_ (come) first. I dont want to get too absorbed

24、inmodeling. It is 70_ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. Idont want to have nothing else to fall back on when I cant model my more.7.(2016 全国I)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia biggest building, and fancy newhotels. But for tourists li

25、ke me, pandas are its top _61_ (attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profitPanda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_ 62_(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, Iwill be their UK ambassador. The title will

26、 be _63 (official) given to me at a ceremonyin London. But myconnection with pandas goes back_64_ my days on a TV showin the mid-1980s,_65 _ I was the first Western TVreporter_66_ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescuedfrom starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will inclu

27、de67 (introduce)British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengduand others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68_(it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few_69_ ( day) with his sister so that

28、 while one is being bottle-fed,_70_ other is with mum-she never suspects.8. (2016 全国卷H)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back andidentify(识别)those of _61_ (great) and less importance. Then,handle the most important tasks fir

29、st so youll feel a real sense of 62(achieve).Leaving the less important things until tomorrow _63 (be) often acceptable.64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in theday. So get an early start and try to be as productive65 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to ge

30、t you throughthe afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent 66(study) show that we are far more productive at work ifwe take short breaks 67_ (regular). Give your body and brain arest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.If you find something you love doi

31、ng outside of the office, youll be lesslikely _69_ (bring) your work home. It could be anything, gardening,cooking, music, sports but whatever it is, 70_ (make )sure itsMost of us are more focuseda relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.9. (2016 全国卷川)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个

32、单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。In much of Asia, especially the so-called “ rice bowl ” cultures of China Japan,Korea, 41 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also bemade of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quit

33、e artistic. Trulyelegant chopsticks might 42 (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilledworkers also combine various hardwoods and metal _43(create)special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probablycooked their food in large pots, 44(use) twigs(树枝

34、)to remove it. Over time, 45 the population grew, people began cutting food into smallpieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily withtwigs which _ (gradual)turned intochopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,47 _ -lived from roughly

35、551 to 479 B.C., influenced the48 _ (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives wouldremind people of killings and 49_ (be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, mostpeople traditionally eat _ 0_!_their hands.10. (2015 全国I)阅读下面材料，在

36、空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly when I 61(arrive) in Yangshuo just beforedawn. But I didn Care. A few hours_ 62_ , I dbeen at home inHong Kong, with 63 (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with therain.I d skipped nearby Guilin,

37、 a dream place for tourists seeking the limestonemountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64_ arepictured by artists in so many Chinese _65_ (painting). Instead, I dheaded straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it away 66car and offersall the scenery of the better-knowncity.Yangshu

38、o _67_ (be) really beautiful. A study oftravelers_68_ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor namesYangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becominga popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travelcompany in Hong Kong, says it _69_ (regu

39、lar)arranges quick getawayshere for peopl _ (live) in Shanghaiand Hong Kong.11. （2015 全国卷H）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The adobe dwellings 土坯房)61_(build)by the Pueblo Indiansof the American Southwest are admired by even 62_mostmodern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple

40、beauty, what makes theadobe dwellings admirable is their 63_(able) to “ aircondition ” a house without54 ( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take inthe heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _65 _ ( slow)during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the

41、walls havegiven up their heat and are now cold enough _66 _ (cool) thehouse during the hot day; 67_the sametime, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 68_(go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night andare thus always a timely offset(抵丫肖)for the outside t

42、emperatures. As 69 (nature)architects, the Pueblo Indians figured outexactly 70_ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make thecycle work on most days.12. (2014 全国卷I)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于 3 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?11. （2015 全国卷H）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个

43、In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio.It _61_(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river wasso polluted that it_ 62_(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later,this river is one of _63 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But

44、the river wasn tchanged in a few days _64_ even a fewmonths. It took years of work_65_(reduce ) the industrial pollutionand clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is_66_ (clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit_

45、67_is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or donknow how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossiblesituation ,don t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?While there are_ 68_ (amaze) stories of instant transformation,for most of us the_69_

46、 (change) are gradual and require a lot ofeffort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70_(patience)13. (2014 全国H)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _41_(be)late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop,_

47、42_ some of themlooked very anxious and_43_(disappoint) . when the bus finally came, weall hurried on board. I got a place next_44_ the window, so I had agood view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike_ 45_(catch ) my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behindme shouting to the driver, but he refused_ 46_(stop) until we reachedthe next stop. Still, the boy kept_ 47_(ride). He was carrying somethingover his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, theboy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited