英语专八改错练习8

1、英语专八改错练习8 三In the United States there are， strict speaking， _strictly_1_no national holiday， for each state must， through legislative enactment or executive proclamation，- holidays_2_appoint the day which each holiday is celebrated. Congress and the president may establish legal holidays_加，on which3

2、_for the District of Columbia and for federal employees throughout the states and territories;and by long custom，days that receive nationwide observation， such as Christmas， Thanksgiving， _observance_4_Labor Day， Independent Day， and New Years Day， are uniformly set _independence_5_apart by all stat

3、es as legal， or public holidays. In 1968， federal legislation established Columbia Day 6 aside_as a legal holiday for the District of Columbia and for the federal government beginning at 1971. _in7_The law also provided begun in 1971 federal employees would be granted_8beginning_three-days weekends

4、by observing Washingtons Birthday on the third Monday in February， _three-day_9_Memorial Day on the last Monday in May， Columbus Day on the second Monday in October，and Veteran Day on the forth Monday on October. By 1971， most of the states also adopted the new dates. _had_答案：1.strict改为strictly2.hol

5、iday改为holidays。因为原句的谓语动词为复数are，所以holiday必须使用复数。另外no后面可以用复数也可以用单数。3.which前面加上on。因为先行词the day在关系从句钟做状语，还原回去应为：each holiday is celebrated on the day，所以必须加on。4.obsevation改为observance。observation意思为“观察，观测”，observance则表示“遵守，庆祝”。5.Independent改为Independence。独立日的说法是“Independence Day”。6.apart改为aside。set apart

6、 指“使分离，使分开”，语义不同，set aside表示“留出，保留”的意思。7.at改为in8.begun改为beginning。9.three-days 改为three-day。10.also前面加had。专八模拟改错(9)：黑洞What is a black hole? Well, it is difficult to answer the question,as the terms we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon _1_are adequate here. Astronomers and scienti

7、sts think that a black hole is _2_a region of space which matter has fallen and from which nothing can _3_escapenot even light. But we cant see a black hole. A black hole _4_exerts a strong gravitational pull and yet it has no matter. It is onlyspaceor thus we think. How can this happen? _5_The theo

8、ry is that some stars explode when their density increasesto a particular point; they “collapse” and sometimes a supernova occurs.The collapse of a star may produce a “White Dwarf” of a “neutronstar”a star which matter is so dense that if continually shrinks by the force of _6_its own gravity. But i

9、f the star is very large, this process of shrinking maybe so intense that a black hole results in. Imagine the earth reduced to the _7_size of a marble, but still having the same masses and a stronger _8_gravitational pull, and you have some ideas of the force of a black hole. _9_And no matter near

10、the black hole is sucked in. _10_ 参考答案(反白可见)：1 将as 改为since或者because。在表示原因的连接词中，只有as引导的原因状语从句不能位于主句之后，只能位于句首。2 将adequate 改为inadequate，或者在are后加not。从逻辑上分析，因为我们拥有的科学术语“不充足”，所以才无法回答这个问题，所以用否定形式。3 在which 前加into。这是一个定语从句，意思是“黑洞是太空中物质可以掉进去的地方”，所以定语从句应该为“into which matter has fallen”。4 将but 改为 so。 上文已提到“连光都无

11、法从黑洞中逃出”，所以我们根本无法看到黑洞。这里应该是因果关系，而不是转折关系。5 将thus改为so。这句话的意思是“那只是空间或者我们认为它只是空间”。so做 think 的宾语，thus 只能做连词，不能做宾语。6 将which 改为whose。这个定语从句的意思是“它是一颗星，其密度非常大，由于自身的引力，它在不断地收缩”。matter 属于star，所以关系代词应该用whose。7 去掉in。result为不及物动词，意为“形成了”，而“result in sth。”意为“导致某结果”。8 将masses 改为mass。mass 可指“大量的物质”，而“the masses”特指“劳

12、动群众”，用在此处不妥。9 将ideas 改为idea。“idea”在表达“印象”时，为不可数名词，不可以用复数。10 将no改为any。分析便知，任何在黑洞附近的东西都会被吸进去。We use language every day. We live in a world of words. Hardly anymoment passes with someone talking, writing or reading. Indeed, _1_languages is most essential to mankind. Our lives increasingly dependon fast

13、 and successful use of language. Strangely enough, we know _2_more about things around us than on ourselves. For example, language _3_is species specific, that is, it is language that differs human from _4_animals. However, we do not know yet how exactly we inquire language _5_and how it is possible

14、 for us to perceive through language; nor we _6_understand precisely the combinations between language and thought, _7_language and logic, or language and culture; still less, how and whenlanguage started. One reason for this inadequate knowledge of languageis that we, like language users, take too

15、many things for granted. _8_Language comes to every normal person so naturally that a few _9_of us stop to question what language is, much less do we feel thenecessity to study it. Language is far more complex than most peoplehave probably imagined and the necessity to study it is far greater thanso

16、me people may have assured. Linguistic is a branch of science which _10_takes language as its object of investigation.参考答案：1. with 改为 without。”hardy any moment passes without someone” , 两个否定: without 和hardly，意思是“每一时刻有人”。2. fast 前面加the因为fast and successful use 这个词组后边有一个前置词短语 of language 修饰use，所以被修饰的词

17、前面加定冠词。3. than on ourselves 改为than things on ourselves。在这里比较的是两件事：things around us and things on ourselves(我们周围的事物和我们自身的东西)。第二个things不能省略，否则引起误解。4. differs 改为distinguishes。语言区分人与动物，differ是不及物动词，后面不能带宾语，只能用介词，如：Man differs from animals in that man possesses language。5. inquire改为acquire“习得语言”应该是acquir

18、e language，名词短语是language acquisition。 Inquire 是“询问”的意思。6. we前面加上 do 副词nor放在句首表示强调，应用倒装句，一般现在时强调句是在主语前面加助动词 do。7. combination改为relationships.语言和思维的关系，不是结合；语言和思维的关系是当代语言学研究的重要领域。8. like 改为as。根据上下文，要表达的意思是“作为语言的使用者”，不是“像语言的使用者”。9. a 去掉 这里是否定的意思：“我们没有多少人”而不是“我们一些人.”。10. assured 改为 assumed. 这句的后半部分意思是“研究

19、语言的必要性比我们想象的要大得多”。Assure译为“确保”；assume译为“假设”或者“想象”的意思。We live in a society which there is a lot of talk about science, but I would say _1that there are not 5 percent of the people who are equipped with school, including college, to understand scientific reasoning. We are more ignorant of science as p

20、eople _2with comparable education in Western Europe. There are a lot of kids who know everything about computershow to buildthem, how to take them apart, and how to write programs for games. So if you ask _3them to explain about the principles of physics that have gone into creating the _4computer,

21、you dont have faintest idea. _5The failure to understand science leads to such things like the neglect of human _6creative power. It also takes rise to blurring of the distinction between science and _7technology. Lots of people dont differ between the two. Science is the production of _8new knowled

22、ge that can be applied or not, and technology is the application of knowledge to the production of some products, machinery or the like. The two are really different, and people who have the faculty for one very seldom have a faculty for the others. _9Science in itself is harmless, more or less. But

23、 as soon as it can provide technology, its not necessarily harmful. No society has yet earned to forecast the consequences of new technology, which can be enormous._10答案详解:1. 在 which 前加 in，或将 which 改为 where在这里which引导限制性从句,修饰先行词the society。in which 在从句中作状语,当然也可以用关系副词where引导定语从句,并在从句中作状语,例如:Money is a

24、 bottomless sea, in which honor, conscience, and truth may be drowned.2. 将 as 改为than3. 将 So 改为 But 或者 However 或者 Nevertheless因为这里上下文是转折关系。4. 将 about 去掉因为explain是及物动词。5. 将 you 改为 they6. 将 like 改为 as因为such as 是固定搭配。7. 将 takes 改为 givesgive rise to表示“引起，导致”之意。8. 将 differ 改为 distinguish牵着表示“有区别”。后者表示“区分，

25、找出的差别”。9. 将 others 改为 other这样the other就和上文的one构成固定搭配，表示在两个中“一个;另外一个”10. 将 harmful 改为 harmless，只有这样才可以表达上下文的对比关系。For the last fifteen or twenty years the fashion in criticism or appreciation of the arts have been to deny the existence of any valid criteria and to make the _1_words “good” or “bad” irr

26、elevant, immaterial, and inapplicable. There is no such thing, we are told, like a set of standards first acquired through experience and _2_knowledge and late imposed on the subject under discussion. This has been a _3_popular approach, for it relieves the critic of the responsibility of judgment a

27、nd the public by the necessity of knowledge. It pleases those resentful of disciplines, it _4_flatters the empty-minded by calling him open-minded, it comforts the _5_confused. Under the banner of democracy and the kind of quality which our forefathers did no mean, it says, in effect, “Who are you t

28、o tell us what is good or bad?” This is same cry used so long and so effectively by the producers of mass _6_media who insist that it is the public, not they, who decide what it wants to hear _7_and to see, and that for a critic to say that this program is bad and that program is good is pure a refl

29、ection of personal taste. Nobody recently has expressed this _8_philosophy most succinctly than Dr. Frank Stanton, the highly intelligent _9_president of CBS television. At a hearing before the Federal Communications Commission, this phrase escaped from him under questioning: “One mans mediocrity _1

30、0_is another mans good program”.参考答案：4 将by改为of或者from。relieve sb of/ from sth 是固定搭配, 意思为 “减轻某人(的负担等)”5 将him改为them。因为其先行词为 the empty-minded,而 “the+adj/p.p” 表示一类人时,通常表示复数概念.7 将decide改为decides。该句的主语 the public 表示的是单数概念.,这一点从后面的代词it 可以看得出来.10 将from去掉。escape在作 “被某人情不自禁地说出来”讲时,是及物动词,而只在作 “逃跑”讲时,才时不及物动词.Whe

31、never you see an old film, even one made as little as ten years before, you cant help being strucked by the_1_appearance of the women taking part. Their hair styles and make-up look date; their skirts look either too long or too_2_short; their general appearance is, in fact, slightly ludicrous. The

32、men taking part, on other hand, are clearly recognizable._3_There is nothing about their appearance to suggest that they belong to an entire different age. This illusion is created _4_by changing fashions. Over the years, the great minority of men _5_have successfully resisted all attempts to make i

33、t change their _6_style of dress. The same cannot be said for women. Each year, a fewer so-called top designers in Paris and London lay down_7_on the law and women around the world run to obey. The _8_decrees of the designers are unpredictable and dictatorial. Sometime they decide arbitrarily, that

34、skirts will be short and _9_waists will be height; hips are in and buttons are out. _10_.参考答案(反白可见)：1 strucked改为struck或者stricken。过去分词形式有误。strike的过去式是struck，过去分词为struck或者stricken。2 date改为dated或者outdated，3 on other hand 改为 on the other hand4 entire改为entirely，副词修饰形容词different，并与different一起修饰age。5 minor

35、ity改为majority。从上下文以及常识判断，多半男性成功地抵制了改变他们服装款式的企图，即多年来，男性大服装款式跟女性服饰相比没有多大的变化。6 it改为them，them指代the great majority of men。7 fewer改为few，此处没有比较的意味。8去掉on。lay down为习语，表示“规定(规则，原则，法规等)”。9 sometime改为 sometimes。10 height改为high。形容词作be 的表语。The great whales are among the most fascinating creatures which _1_have ev

36、er lived on the earth, and one of them, the blue whale, is the largest. People in ancient times thought whales as fearsome _2_monsters of the ocean depths. So to hunt a whale, when oneoccasionally swam toward shore, he was high adventure. People _3_found the adventure was rewarding, too, for the oil

37、 and meat fromone whale alone could heat and feed a village for a whole winter.Whales resemble huge fish. They were referred by the ancients as _4_“great fish,” and any whale beaching along the coasts of Englandwas designated “the Kings fish” because it automatically belonged to the Crown.Ever since

38、 those early times, human have felt whales a sense of _5_wonder mixed with an intense desire to capture, slaughter, andexploit. Now the slaughter has reached alarming proportions. _6_Even though some species are protected by the regulations ofthe International Whaling Commission and theoretically al

39、l whalehunting is regulated, but the earths stock of whales is still being _7_depleted. In fact, some scientists worry that 100 years since now _8_there may be no whales left. If this happens, mankind willbe blame for removing from the earth forever a remarkable and _9_awe-inspiring creature that al

40、ways fed mans imagination and _10_made the world a more exciting place参考答案及解析:1. 将which改为that。先行词由最高修饰时定语从句的关系代词只能用that。2. 在thought 后面加of，或者将thought 改为regarded。“think of A as B”，指“把A看作B”，为固定搭配。3. 去掉he。这句话的主语是“to hunt a whale”，“to hunt a whale was high adventure”。中间的“when”只是插入的状语从句。4. 在referred后加to。“

41、refer to A as B”只“把A称作B”，这句话的意思是“古人把鲸称作大鱼”。5. 在felt 后加for。这句话实际的结构是“feel a sense of wonder for whales”指“对鲸怀有惊奇的感觉”，for引出对象。6. 在exploit后加them。capture，slaughter，exploit都是及物动词，后面必须加宾语。7. 去掉but。前面已有“even though”，后面就不应该再用but。8 .将since改为from。“100 years from now”指“从现在起100年后”since 只能用于完成时。9. 在blame前加to。“be

42、to blame for sth ”指“对某事应负责任”，为固定搭配。10. 在always前加has。这个定语从句强调对现在的影响，很明显应该用完成时，不能用过去式。专八模拟改错题(4)：家，可爱的家Home, sweet home is a phrase that express an essential attitude in the United States. Whether the reality of life in the family house is sweet or no sweet, the cherished ideal of home _1has great imp

43、ortance for many people.This ideal is a vital part of the American dream. This dream, dramatized in the history of nineteenth century European settlers of American West, was to find a piece of place, build a house _2for ones family, and started a farm. These small households were _3portraits of inde

44、pendence: the entire family- mother, father, children,even grandparents-live in a small house and working together to _4support each other. Anyone understood the life-and-death importance _5of family cooperation and hard work. Although most people in the United States no longer live on farms, but th

45、e ideal of home ownership _6is just as strong in the twentieth century as it was in the nineteenth.When U.S soldiers came home before World War, for example, _7they dreamed of buying houses and starting families. But there was _8a tremendous boom in home building. The new houses, typically in the su

46、burbs, were often small and more or less identical, but it satisfied _9a deep need. Many regarded the single-family house the basis of their way of life._10答案详解(反白可见):1. 将 no 改为 not2. 将 place 改为 landplace是可数名词，作“地方”讲,而land意为“土地，田地”是不可数名词。例如:Solitude is a good place to visit but a poor place to stay.

47、当你偶尔光顾时，独处是一个美妙的境地，但是如果久留，它却是一个糟糕的地方。There is a vacant piece of land near the house; we can build there.3. 将 started 改为 startstart应使用不定式，以和前面的find, build一致。4. 将 working 改为 workwork应该用第三人称复数，和live一致。另外，family在这里作“家人”讲，是复数。5 将 anyone 改为 everyone这里是要用everyone 指每个人，而不是要用anyone泛指。6. 将 but 删除7. 将 before 改

48、为 after根据上下文判断，这里要表达的是二战之后。8. 将 But 改为 And根据语意，这里要表达的是递进关系，而不是转折关系。例如：When I do good, I feel good. When I do bad, I feel bad. And thats my religion.当我行善事，我感到坦然；当我行恶时，我感到内疚。这就是我的人生之道。9 将 it 改为 they10 在house the中间加入介词 asregard.as 作“把当作”讲。Halloweens origins date to the ancient Celtic festival _1_of Sam

49、hain (pronounced sow-in). The Celts, which lived _2_2,000 years ago in the area that is now Ireland, the United Kingdom,and northern France, celebrated its new year on November 1.This day marked the end of the summer and the harvest and _3_the beginning of the dark, cold winter, a time of year that

50、wasoften associated with human death. Celts believed that at the _4_night before the new year, the boundary between the worldsof the live and the dead became blurred. On the night of October _5_31, they celebrated Samhain, when it believed that the ghosts _6_of the dead returned to earth. In addicti

51、on to causing trouble anddamaging crops, Celts thought that the presence of theother worldly spirits made it easier for the Druids,orCeltic Priest,make predictions about the future. For a people entirely dependent _7_on the volatile natural world, these prophecies were an importantsource of comfort

52、and direction during the long, dark winter.To commemorate the event, Druids built huge sacred bonfires,which the people gathered to burn crops and animals as sacrifices _8_to the Celtic deities. During the celebration, the Celts worecostumes, typically consisted of animal heads and skins, and _9_att

53、empted to assume each others fortunes. When the celebration _10_was over, they re-lit their hearth fires, which they had extinguishedearlier that evening, from the sacred bonfire to help protect themduring the coming winter.参考答案：1.toback date back to固定搭配，意为“追溯至”。2.whichwhoCelts是“盖尔特人”的意思，应该用who来引导非限

54、制性定语从句。3. the summer- / summer季节前面不用加冠词。4.aton在某个特定日子的晚上用介词on。5.liveliving the living表示“活着的人”与the dead “死者”相对。6. believedwas这里应该用被动句。7. maketo动词不定式短语做真正的宾语。8.whichwhere 或者whicharound先行词bonfire在这里是表示地点的名词。9.consistedconsisting用现在分词表示主动。10.assumetell“算命”英语用“tell ones fortuneSo far as we can tell, all

55、human languages are equally complete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is, every language appears to be as well equipped as any other to say the things its speakers want to say. It may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive peoples or cultures, but that is another matter.

56、Certainly, not all groups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics or psychology or the cultivation of rice or the engraving of Benares brass. But this is not the fault of their language. The Eskimos can speak about snow with a great deal more precision and subtlety than we can in English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of those sometimes miscalled primitive) is inherently more precise and subtle than English. This example does not bring to light a defect in English, a show of unexpected primitiveness. The po