英语四级作文必背材料

1、文章开头句型1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法, 适用于有争议性的主题. 1. When asked about., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that . But I think/view a bit differently. 2. When it comes to . , some people believe that . Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some t

2、ruth in both arguments/statements , but (I tend to the prefer/latter .) 3. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that . They claim/believe/argue that . But I wonder/doubt whether.1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 . 1. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) . has cause/aro

3、used public/popular/wide/worldwide concern. 2. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of . has been brought into focus. ( has been brought to public attention) 3.Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality . is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.1

4、-3 观点法 -开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法. 1. Never history has the change of . been as evident as . Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of . been more visible/ popular than. 2 Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/ coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that. 3. Now there is a growi

5、ng awareness/recognition of the necessity to. Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of . 4. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.1-4 引用法 - 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点! 1. Knowledge is power. such is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has

6、 been shared by more and more people . Education is not complete with graduation. Such is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion. 2. How often we hear such statements/words like theses/this . In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional com

7、plains as this .1-5 比较法 - 通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点. 1. For years, .had been viewed as . But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing . , people . . 2. People used to think that . (In the past, .) But people now share this new .1-6 故事法 - 先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题. 1. Once in (

8、a newspaper) , I read of/learnt . The phenomenon of . has aroused public concern. 2. I have a friend who . Should he . ? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life. 3. Once upon a time , there lived a man who . This story may be (unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic signific

9、ance now.1-7 问题法 - 先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的话题. Should/What . ? Options of . vary greatly , some ., others . But in my opinion , . .文章中间主体内容句型 原因结果分析2-1-1. 基本原因 - 分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因. 1. Why . ? For one thing. For another . 2. The answer to this problem involves many factors. For one thing

10、. For another. Still another . 3. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect . /both individual and social contribute to .2-1-2 另一原因 - 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用! 1. Another important factor is . 2. . is also responsible for the change/problem. 3. Certainly , the . is not the sole

11、 reason for .2-1-3 后果影响 - 分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响 . 1. It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on. 2. It involves some serious consequence for . 比较对照句型2-2-1. 两者比较 - 比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也肯定其缺点的时候用 ! 1. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages we gain from

12、B. 2. Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B. 3. There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects.2-2-2 . 两者相同/相似 - 比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用! 1. A and B have several things in common. They are similar in that. 2. A bears some striking resemblances to B. 在主题句确定之

13、后，需要围绕主题中心扩展成句子。扩展的方式很多，比如，比较和对照，因果推理，分类和举例。（一）排列顺序。排列顺序可以根据有关内容的重要性，时间的先后或位置的远近来组织。常用的词语有：First, second, also, finally, one , another, still another, for one thing, for another, to begin with, on one hand, on the other hand.(二)分类（classification）分类也是段落发展的一种方式。其特点是对所叙述的事情进行分门别类。分类写作时需要按照某一尺度或标准。 常用的表

14、达方式：1. Divide A into 2. Classify A into 3. group A into 4. A falls into 5. There are kinds (groups, categories, sorts, types, classes, societies, sections) of(三)比较与对照在写作中，把两件事情的类似或相同之处进行相比，称为类比；把不同的，甚至相反的方面进行相比，称为对照。常见句型1）there are some (a few, many) differences (similarities) between A and B2) A di

15、ffers from B (is different from B) in three aspects. 3) A has something (much) in common with B.4)A has some advantages over B.5) We can easily compare A with B, and see the differences and similarities between them.6) One difference seems to lie in (be) that2. 常见的词或词组on the contrary, in contrast, i

16、n comparison, on the other hand, be like(unlike), be the same as, similarly, likewise, likewise, while, whereas, yet, but, however, differently(四) 因果和推理这种方法通常用于解释某件事情的原因和结果。常用词和短语：Because, owing to, due to, as a result, because of, so therefore, thus, consequently, for this reason, since, as, on acc

17、ount of, as a consequence, accordingly,(五)举例以给出实例说明或证明作者的观点是举例段落发展方式。 在考试中， 我们可以采用举例的方式使文章内容更加充实，更富有内涵。常用的词和词组：For example, for instance, for another example, one example is, another example is, there are two examples that, furthermore, moreover, besides, in addition to, also, additionally文章结尾形式 3-1

18、 结论性- 通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点 . 1. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that . 2. In summary/In a word , it is more valuable to . 3-2 后果性- 揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果. 1. We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of . , if allowed to procee

19、d, will surely lead to the heavy cost of . 2. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that . will be put in danger .3-3 号召性 - 呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意. 1. It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendency of . 2. It is essential that effective measure

20、s should be taken to correct the tendency .3-4 建议性 - 对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法. 1. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most popular is . Another method is . Still another one is . 2. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation.3-5 方

21、向性的结尾方式 - 其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景. 1. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a wide way . 2. There is no quick method to the issue of ., but . might be helpful/beneficial. 3. The great challenge

22、 today is . There is much difficulty, but .3-6 意义性的结尾方式 - 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义! 1. Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort . It will not only benefit., but also benefit . 2. In any case, whether it is positive or negative,

23、 one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly .书信必背句型投诉信开头常用的句式和套话：I am writing to complain about / that I am writing to make a complaint aboutI am writing to express my concern/ dissatisfaction/ disappointment about I am writing to inform you that I am dissatisfied with your .I feel bad/ sorry to

24、trouble you but I am afraid I have to make a complaint about I am most reluctant to complain, but .I am writing to advise you that I find unsatisfactory.I wish to draw your attention to the problem/ fault of that I bought 结尾常用的句式和套话：I trust you will take my complaints seriously and I will appreciate

25、 it very much if you couldI would be perfectly satisfied if you can kindly .I understand you will give immediate attention to this matter.I would like to have this matter settled by the end of .I would be grateful if you could .I would appreciate it if you could .2. 询问信I am writing for information a

26、bout I would like to receive information regarding I would like to request materials for .I would be most grateful if you could send me information regarding/ concerningI am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding . 结尾常用的句式和套话：I am expecting your early reply

27、.Your prompt attention to this letter would be highly appreciated.I am looking forward to hearing from you.Thank you for your consideration.I look forward to your immediate response. 3. 请求信I am writing to formally request to I would very much like to ask for your permission with this letter so as to

28、 allow me .I am writing to seek for your assistance in .Would you be kind enough to .? 结尾常用的句式和套话：I am looking forward to hearing from you.I do appreciate the favorable consideration you have shown to me.I would like to thank you for your generous help in this matter.I shall remain grateful to you f

29、or the great help . 4. 道歉信I am writing this letter to express my regret.I am writing to apologize for I would like to give you my apology for I am very sorry to say that .I must apologize about (not) doing sth.Please accept my sincere apology for I am writing to say sorry for 结尾常用的句式和套话：Once again,

30、I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Please allow me to say sorry again.Hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies.I want to let you know how regretful I am feeling now.I am sorry that I cant

31、. And trust that you will be able to understand. 5. 感谢信I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for I am writing to express my thanks for I am writing to show my sincere appreciation for I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for I feel deeply indebted to you and I reall

32、y dont know how to thank you enough for your help. 结尾常用的句式和套话:I must thank you again for your generous help.I am most grateful for your selfness donation.My true gratitude is beyond the words description.I feel most obliged to thank you once more.Please accept my gratitude, now and always. 6. 建议信开头常

33、用的句式和套话：I am writing in reply to I would like to suggest that I am writing with my suggestion proposal about I am writing to express my views concerning.You have asked me for my advice with regard to and I will try to make some conductive suggestions. 结尾常用的句式和套话:I hope you will find these suggestion

34、s / proposals/ recommendations helpful practical/ useful.I trust you will take my suggestion into account.I would be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.I would be ready to discuss this matter to further details. 7. 求职信求职信开头常用的句式和套话：I am writing in response to your advertisement in Ch

35、ina Daily of June 8 .I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in Beijing Youth Thursday Your advertised position of general manager assistant interests me I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised position for a waitress I am writing this letter to

36、 recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the job of senior accountant you have求职信结尾常用的句式和套话:I have enclosed my resume that outlines in detail my qualifications and experience.Should you grant me a personal interview, I would be most grateful.Any favorable consideration of my application will b

37、e highly appreciated.Thank you for considering my application and I am looking forward to meeting you.If you need to know more about me, please contact me at . 8 推荐信推荐信开头常用的句式和套话：I am writing to you to recommend .I would like to present . for your consideration in your search for a qualified manager

38、.With reference to your requirements, I shall, without reservation, recommend as an ideal candidate.推荐信结尾常用的句式和套话:Therefore, I dont hesitate to recommend as the right person for your consideration.I would like to lend my support to for his .I am willing to stand by Mr./Mrs. . for .Any favorable cons

39、ideration to this letter would be considered a personal favour.I would like to thank you for your attention to this letter and restate my support to Mr.Before concluding the letter, I would again apply myself to convincing you that 9. 自我介绍信自我介绍信开头常用的句式和套话：My name is I am honored to have this chance

40、of communication with you through the letter.I am an oversea student from China and I am writing to provide you with necessary information about myself.自我介绍信结尾常用的句式和套话:Thanks for your attention and hope I can receive your reply.I would be most grateful if you could lend due attention to this letter

41、and contact me at .In addition, I want to express my sincere thanks for your attention. 10 寻找失物信寻找失物信开头常用的句式和套话:I am wrioting this letter to report the loss of my when I I am writing this letter to request your assistance in finding my which I have lost during the stay with your hotel.I hope it will

42、 not be too much trouble for you to help me finding my suitcase which I have lost due to carelessness.I am writing this letter to see if it is possible for me to have my camera back. 寻找失物信结尾常用的句式和套话:I would e really appreciate ot if you could .I also suggest that the lost bag be sent to . if possibl

43、e.I am looking forward to your reply. 11 邀请信邀请信开头常用的句式和套话:I am writing to invite you to .I think it would be a good idea if you could participate in How would you like to join us in ?Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come? 邀请信结尾常用的句式和套话:My family and I would feel honored if y

44、ou could come.We would be looking forward to your participation in the party.I would like to meet you there and please let me know your decision. （六）英语作文常用表达方法1. 开头 1) Recently, the problem of has aroused peoples concern / has become the focus of the society. 2) Nowadays, has become a problem we hav

45、e to face. 3) has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. 4) It is commonly believed that / It is a common belief that5) Nowadays there is a growing concern for 6) Nowadays more and more peopl

46、e are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of 7) It is only during the last / past few years that man has become generally aware that 8) Nowadays it is common to hear / see 9) has become a common occurrence in our daily life.10) Many people insist that 11) With the development of science and tec

47、hnology, more and more people believe that 12) A lot of people seem to think that 13) A proverb says, “ You are only young once.” 14) It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. 15) As everyone knows, 16) No one can deny that17) According to a recent survey, 18) A recent statistics shows

48、 that 2. 结尾1) Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that 2) Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that 3) From what has been discussed / mentioned above, we may conclude that 4) Hence / Therefore, wed better come to

49、 the conclusion that 5) Therefore, it is not difficult to draw / come to the conclusion that 6) There is no doubt that has its drawbacks as well as merits. 7) All in all, we cannot live without But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise. 8) From

50、all the reasons / consideration above, it is evident / clear / obvious that 3. 提出建议1) It is high time that we put an end to the 2) It is time to take the advice of and to put special emphasis on the improvement of 3) There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of 4) Obviously,

51、if we want to, it is essential that 5) Only in this way can we6) It must be realized that7) Given the reasons / consideration I have just outlined / discussed / presented , I strongly recommend that 8) It is essential that effective measure be taken to 9) As a result, we should take some effective s

52、teps to 4. 预示后果1) Obviously, if we dont control the problem, the chances are that which will lead us in danger. 2) No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that 3) It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation. 5. 用于比较、阐述不同观点的常用句型1) Some people like

53、 / prefer , while others are / feel inclined to 2) Peoples views onvary from person to person. Some hold that. However, others believe that3) People may have different opinions on4) Attitudes towards vary from person to person.5) Different people hold different attitudes toward6) There are different

54、 opinions among people as to Some believe while others hold 7) Some people claim that is superior to Others, however, disagree with it. 8) Some people believe Others maintain Still others claim 9) Some people suggest Others, however, hold the opposite opinion. 10) On the one hand, people tend to On the other hand, they feel 11) Some people argue that Others, in contrast, believe that 12) Although more and more people come to