英语初三语法选择

1、姓名学生姓名填写时间学科 英 语年级 初 三 教材版本深圳朗文版阶段观察期： 维护期本人课时统计第（ ）课时共（ ）课时课题名称语法选择课时计划第（ 2 ）课时共（ 2 ）次课上课时间-教学重点掌握同义词必考词汇掌握语法选择的技巧教学难点灵活掌握同义词的用法掌握语法选择的技巧教学过程教师活动学生活动Step one课前小练笔：词汇释义汉译Step two：你知道以下短句的正确答案吗？你的解题方法是什么？Volunteers give their time to help people 27 example，they work in schools Or hospitals，Or they do

2、 something 28 for the environment27AWith BBy CTo DFor28Ahelpful Bhelpfully Chelping Dhelpless（建议20-25分钟） 初中英语语法选择的解题技巧用法分类详解 一、题型分析 本部分考查学生在实际语言中运用语法知识的能力。其中，语法选择题主要考查考生对课程标准（2011年版）所要求的基本语法知识、词汇、习语和较简单的英语表达方式的掌握情况。着重在语篇层面考查学生的语法分析能力，强调语法知识在实际语言中的正确使用。具有如下几个特点： 1本题共10小题，每小题1分。在一篇留有10个空白的短文中，要求考生按照句子

3、结构的语法性和上下文连贯性选择正确答案； 2针对初中学生的认知水平，每小题提供了四个选择项帮助考生解题，选用材料一般为200个词左右，多为叙述文体； 3考核重点是初中学生应该掌握的、基础的、核心的语法知识； 4该题型是在篇章理解的基础上进行语法选择，而完形填空主要是意义选择。 该题型不是离开语境孤立地考查单纯的语法知识，不是考查语言知识的机械记忆与简单再现，除了考察语言的形式外，还强调语言的意义，更强调语言知识在真实交际情景中的运用。即：把语言的形式、意义和用法有机地结合起来，在语境中理解和掌握语法的表意功能。与单项选择不同的是，该题的选择除了需要具备相应的语法知识之外，在选择答案时还必须考虑

4、篇章的内容，有时需要联系上下文进行判断和推理。 它一般从以下几个方面进行考查： 1考查同学们在特定的语言环境中理解并运用语法的能力。此类考题所提供的四个备选答案，往往在意思上大致一致，但是语言形式不同，比如名词的单复数不同、形容词的级别不同、动词的时态、语态不同，或是出现非谓语动词的搭配、介词的搭配、不同的连接词和代词等，这需要具备较好的语法分析能力，掌握初中要求的语法知识。 2考查同学们在话篇中运用语言的能力。与单项选择不同的悬，有些答案的提示并不在本句中，要靠上下文来帮助理解和做出选择。比如时态、名词单复数、形容词副词的级别、情态动词的用法、代词的用法等。 二、主要考点 名词、动词、形容词

5、、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介词、情态动词、叫态、语态、非谓语动词、各种从句的用法上。 三、复习方法 既然语法选择考核的重点是初中学生应该掌握的核心的、基础的语法知识，那么学好基础语法是做好本题的关键。考生弄懂初中阶段必须掌握的所有语法项目的基本含义并能熟练运用这些语法规则就是根本。 英语语法是英语词形变化和遣词造句的规律。掌握必要的基础英语语法规则对将英语作为外语来学的学习者来说，可以帮助他们减少和防止语言实践中的错误，有助于培养他们正确理解英语和准确运用英语的能力；可以使他们在学习英语过程中少走弯路。 初中学生学好英语语法的方法很多，不妨试试以下几点： 1熟练掌握语法的基本结构和和基本规则。

6、 要在理解的基础上牢记语法规则，夯实语法基本功。语法基本功要练到熟练、准确、快捷。以动词基本功为例，碰到任何一个常用动词都能不假思索地构成它的各种时态，以及随着人称和数的变化形式；要知道它是否为及物动词，如果是及物动词是接动词不定式还是接动名词作宾语；还要熟知由该动词构成的常用习语、固定搭配等。 2通过背诵佳句格言记忆语法基本形式和结构。 通过记忆一些包含某些语法结构的格言或典型佳句，起到既能背诵一些实用的经典句子，又能熟悉某项语法的构戍形式，达到一箭双雕、双重获益的效果。例如，通过记忆Rome was not built in a day.这句格言，则可以牢牢记住被动语态“be+过去分词”的

7、基本结构；通过记忆Never too old to learn.这句谚语，即可以记住一句非常实用的谚语，则可以牢牢记住“too. to”这个语言结构。 3运用口诀法熟记基本语法规则。 多多收集、熟背一些有实效的语法规则口诀，可以帮助牢记一些语法规则。例如：有一个关于三个与时间连用的介词的口诀是这样的：“in指段，on连天，at是个时间点”。举例如下：in summer，in May，in 2006，on Sunday，on the evening of26th, on a winter morning, at 9 0'clock, at noon, at daybreak, at th

8、e present moment, etc. 4在“读”中学，在“写”中学，在“用”中掌握语法。 学习语法的最好方法是在大量阅读中加深对语法的理解和记忆；在大量的说和写的实际语言运用中去体验语言，巩固所学语法知识，真正掌握语言规则。 5多实践，勤复习。 适当做一些高质量的语法练习（例如，广州语法选择题、各地中考单项填空等语法测试题），除了打勾选择题外，还应多做一些动笔写的好的语法练习题。 6分类梳理、归纳、总结语法规则。 在中考备考时对高频语言点进行拉网式的归类、梳理。把相同、相近、相关的语法知识点加以纵向和横向联系，通过对比、归纳，将零散的感性认识梳理成系统的和比较完整的知识体系，形成知识链

9、或知识网。以便能更加熟练地、准确地和有效地使用这些规则。 7学会自己发现错误、纠正错误。 在各项语法复习的训练中，学会自己及时回头、检查，主动去发现错误、纠正错误。通过自己或者同伴间相互查错、改错，能加深对所犯错误的印象，能对语言知识的正确运用有更深刻的记忆，能提高今后对所犯错误重现的防范能力。 8防止重复错误。 首先，应该对所犯错误进行客观的分析，是因为记不住语言结构，还是不太理解这项语法规则？然后，对症下药。对于不太理解的语法结构和规则，可以通过请教老师和同学，或者查阅适合初中学生所有的语法书去弄懂。 四、解题技巧 做好语法选择题的具体方法建议如下： 1跳读全文，掌握主旨大意。 语法选择题

10、与单项选择题的最大不同就在于前者是在篇章的层面而不只是在句子的层面考查学生的语法运用能力，考生在做题时，可以用一种“自上而下”的思路去思考。即：可以从“篇章、句子、词汇”三个层面去考虑。因此，考生首先应该把语法选择题当成一个快读抓大意的阅读理解题来处理，即在有限的时间内快速通读全文，弄清事件发生的时间、地点、交际人的身份、交际的目的等等，准确地掌握文章大意。只有理顺文章的来龙去脉，把握文章的内在逻辑关系，掌握了文章大意，才能在解题时，保证在人称、时态、数等方面的前后一致和文章意义的连贯。 2准确到句，意义语法并重。 然而，语法选择的10个小题又都是存在于句子之中，其中相当多的考题的选择与考题所

11、在句子的理解的相关度非常大。因此，考生对空格所在句子的理解就不能只懂得一个大致的意思，必须在精确理解该句酌意义之后，再进行句子结构分析，运用词法、句法语法知识去找到正确答案。 3找准考点，逐项精心筛选。 在把握了文章大意和有关句子的意思之后，考生就应仔细、冷静地对考题加以分析。积极揣摩出题人的考查方向和意图，弄清楚这个考题在考查我们哪个方面的语法知识，我们需要运用哪些语法知识去解题。只有弄清了考点，才能避免盲目乱猜。这样，既增加了做题的准确性，又节约了时间。例如：如果考题是一个动词，我们就应该按照该句的意思，依据人称、时态、数等前后一致的原则，考虑应该是主动语态，还是被动语态；是表示动作正在进

12、行、将要进行还是已经完成；应该选择什么样的动词形式等等。另外，做题时一定要把A、B、C、D四个选项全部看完，认真比较，排除干扰，逐项筛选。切忌只看一、两个选项，连四个选项还没有全部过一遍就匆忙决定答案。 4复读全文，检查核实答案。 10小题全部做完以后，一定要代入答案，认真读一遍，看看全文意思是否贯通，查查人称、时态、数等方面前后是否一致，最后确定答案。然后，10小题一起涂上答题卡。 做好语法选择题是有技巧，但任何解题技巧都是以牢固的词汇、语法知识为基础的。因此，考生要做好语法选择题除了良好的初中英语语法远用能力之外，还应该掌握好英语中考指导书规定的全部单词和短语，这是理解句、段、篇章，读懂试

13、题的前提，是解题的基础。典型例题 （2010广州中考）语法选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从2635各题所给的ABCD项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My friend, David Smith, kept birds. One day he phoned and 26 me he would be away for a week. He asked me to feed the bird 27 him and said he would leave his key in my mailbox.Unfortunately

14、, I did not remember to feed the birds 28 the night before David was going to return. I rushed out of my house and it was already dark when I arrived at 29 house. I soon found the key he gave me could unlock neither the front door 30 the back door! I kept 31 of what David would say when came back.Th

15、en I noticed 32 one bedroom window was open. I found a big tone and pushed it under the window 33 the stone was very heavy. I of niose. But in the end, I managed to climb up.I had one leg inside the bedroom when I suddenly realized that someone 34 a torch(电筒)up at me. I looked down and saw 35 police

16、man and an old lady, one of Davids neighbours. “What are you doing up there?” Said the policeman. Feeling like a fool, I replied, “I was just going to feed Mr. Smiths birds.”26. A. tell B. tells C. told D. had told27. A. with B. to C. for D. at28. A. until B. before C. as D. since29. A. her B. his C

17、. their D. our30. A. and B. but C. or D. nor31. A. to think B. think C. thinking D. thought32. A. how B. that C. what D. why33. A. If B. Because C. When D. Whether34. A. is shinning B. was shone C. shines D. was shining35. A. a B. the C. an D. /（2011年广州中考）语法选择 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上

18、下文连贯的要求，从2635各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Jack worked in a shop that sold clocks. He was always telling Harry 26 a new clock. But Harry, 27 lived next door to Jack, said he didnt need one.“ 28 needs a clock,” Jack said. “How do you know when its time to get up?”“My landlord Mr. Smith turns on hi

19、s radio at seven oclock and listens 29 the news,” Harry said. “Thats my morning call.”“Ok. But how do you know when to go to work?”“By the time I 30 my breakfast, its eight oclock, time to leave for the office. Then I walk there. When I arrive at my office, its nice oclock. Thats 31 time I start wor

20、k.”“Ok. But how do you know when its time to go home?”“The factory bell 32 ” Harry told him.“But how do you know when its time to go to bed?”“The television programs come to end.”By now Jack was really 33 . “Ok,” he shouted. “Now tell me what would happen 34 you woke up in the middle of the night an

21、d wanted to know the time.”“Thats easy,” Harry said, “I would knock heavily on 35 wall. Then you would shout at me, What are you doing knocking on my wall at three oclock in the morning?”26. A. to buy B. buying C. bought D. buy27. A. which B. whose C. that D. who28. A. No one B. Neither one C. Every

22、one D. Someone29. A. at B. to C. in D. on30. A. eats B. have eaten C. ate D. was eating31. A. a B. an C. the D.不填32. A. ring B. rings C. was rung D. ringing33. A. anger B. angrily C. angry D. angering34. A. if B. that C. why D. How35. A. his B. their C. her D. your（建议5-10分钟）（必做题）（2011广州市中考一模）语法选择（共1

23、0小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从2635各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My name is Liu Yan. Do you 26 about pollution? I live in Dalian. Dalian is a city in Liaoning Province. Its a clean city. The air and water 27 clean in Dalian. People dont throw 28 rubbish on the ground.Dalian is clean,

24、 but 29 I think people waste things. What do we waste the most? I think we waste paper the most.People waste water, too. I try not 30 water. I take short showers. I try many ways to use 31 water.I think cars and big factories make the most pollution in Dalian. There are 32 cars. I think more people

25、should 33 bikes. 34 bike doesnt make any pollution. I ride my bike to school every day. Its our duty 35 our environment.26. A. worry B. worried C. worrying D. be worried27. A. is B. are C. was D. were28. A. them B. his C. they D. their29. A. some time B. sometimes C. some times D. sometime30. A. was

26、te B. wasted C. to waste D. wasting31. A. little B. few C. fewer D. less32. A. too much B. too more C. too many D. too most33. A. ride B. rides C. rode D. to ride34. A. The B. A C. An D. /35. A. protect B. protecting C. protects D. to protect（选做题）（2011年花都一模）语法选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上

27、下文连贯的要求，从2635各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ron loved basketball. One afternoon on his way to a basketball game, he was walking and dreaming about _26_ college basketball. A car hit him so hard _27_he was thrown three feet into the air.Ron _28_ up in a hospital room. _29_ he learned that both his

28、legs were broken, he realized his college basketball dreams were over. Ron did what the doctors told him, _30_ he still couldnt walk. When he left the hospital, Ron _31_ to a health center for physical treatment.A week after he arrived there, he met Sunny. Sunnys legs were paralyzed（瘫痪的）from an acci

29、dent. He coached a basketball team called the Suns. Everyone on the team played from a wheelchair. Sunny invited Ron _32_ the game. Ron played _33_, but for the first time since the accident, he stopped feeling sorry _34_ himself.After becoming a part of the Suns, Ron improved quickly. Basketball wa

30、s like medicine for him. When you keep your face to _35_ sun, the shadows(阴影) fall behind.26. A. playing    B. to play     C. played     D. play27. A. whether    B. for        C. that  

31、    D. as28. A. wake      B. wakes      C. woke     D. has woken29. A. If        B. Before      C. Since    D. When30. A. and  

32、60;    B. but        C. or       D. nor31. A. is sent     B. will be sent   C. was sent   D. was sending32. A. to join     B. joining    

33、60; C. joined     D. joins33. A. bad       B. badly       C. worse     D. worst34. A. in        B. to        C. for 

34、;     D. by35. A. the       B. a         C. an       D. /（选做题）（2011年白云区一模）语法选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从2635各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mark wa

35、s walking home from school one day when he 26 a boy in front of himThe boy had dropped all of the books he was carrying，along 27 two sweaters，a base ball bat and a gloveMark helped the boy pick the things up and they walked home togetherAs they walked，Mark learned 28 the boys name was BillBill loved

36、 video games，baseball and history， 29 he was having trouble with some of his subjects in schoo1 They arrived at Bill's home firstMark 30 in for a coke and to watch some televisionThe aftemoon passed 31 with some laughs and small talkThen Mark went home They continued to see each other around sch

37、ool，then both graduated from high schoo1Three weeks before graduationBill asked Mark 32 they could talk Bill 33 him of the day years ago when they had first met“Did you ever wonder why 1 was carrying 34 things home that day？”asked Bill You see，I cleaned out my locker because 1 was going home to kill

38、 myselfBut after we spent some time together 35 ，I realized that if I had died，1 would have missed out on many good timesSo you see，Mark，when you picked up those books that day，you actually saved my life26Anotices Bnoticed Chas noticed Dwas noticing27Ato Bin Cwith Dfor28Athat Bwhat Cwhy Dwho29A Bbut

39、 Cthough Dso 30Ainvites Binvited Chas invited Dwas invited31Ahappy Bhappier Chappiest Dhappily32Awhen Bwhere Cif Dwhat33Aremind Breminds Creminded Dhas reminded34Amany Bso much Csuch many Dsuch much35Atalk Btalking Cto talk Dtalked（选做题）（2011年黄埔区一模）语法选择 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从

40、2635各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The first Starbucks coffee shop was small. It 26 in 1971 in the United States. Things began 27 in 1981. That year, Howard Schultz met the three men who ran Starbucks. Schultz worked for 28 company that made kitchen equipment. He noticed that Starbucks ordered ma

41、ny special coffee makers, and he was curious 29 the company. Schultz went to Seattle to see 30 Starbucks did, and he liked what he saw. One year later, he 31 as the companys head of marketing.In 1983, Schultz went to Italy. His experience there gave him a new idea. And 32 , Schultz created a comfort

42、able atmosphere for Starbucks coffee shops, and customers seemed to like it.Today, Starbucks has thousands of stores in the world. One thing that makes Starbucks 33 outside the USA is the way Starbucks works with the local stores and restaurants. 34 , Starbucks gets an 35 of customers in the city.26

43、A. opensB. was openedC. has opened D. opened27. A. changeB. changing C. to changeD. changed28. A. anB. the C. aD. 不填 29.A. inB. aboutC. withD. for30. A. what B. that C. where D. whether31. A. hiredB. was hiredC. has hiredD. is hired32. A. interestB. interestingC. interestedD. interestingly33. A. suc

44、ceeded B. success C. successfullyD. succeed34. A. In this wayB. In that way C. In a wayD. In the way35. A. understandB. understandingC. understood D. understands（选做题）（2011年海珠区一模）语法选择 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从2635各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mr Baker lived in a small town. N

45、obody was richer than him there, but he wished to get 26 money all the time. One day, 27 his way home, he found there was a newspaper on the ground. He picked it up and began to read it in the room. He was 28 in a piece of news on it. Some gold 29 in a desert. He was afraid someone would know about

46、it and he started off, 30 telling anybody about it. He tried to find the place 31 gold was.The greedy (贪婪的) man walked on the desert for two weeks, but he 32 find any gold and his food and water was gone . His horse at last died and he was 33 hungry and thirsty to go any further . Suddenly he saw a

47、man lying on the ground far away. He crawled (爬) to him and found he was dead, 34 a bag in his hand. He hurried to open the bag to find something to eat, but it was full of gold. He threw it away. 35 he was dying, he cried and said, “Now, a bag of bread is far more useful than a bag of gold.”26.A. m

48、uch B. many C. most D. more27. A. on B. in C. at D. of28. A. interest B. interests C. interested D. interesting 29. A. discovers B. was discovered C. was discovered D. was discovering30. A. which B. without C. for D. about31. A. which B. where C. when D. that32. A. doesnt B. didnt C. dont D. hadnt33

49、. A. very B. so C. much D. too34. A. with B. has C. had D. has had35. A. Before B. After C. As D. If（选做题）（2011年天河区一模）语法选择（共10题，10分，每题1分）Umbrellas are common in our daily life. On rainy days, many people _26_ them to prevent the rain. But its not easy to hold an umbrella _27_ there is heavy rain and

50、strong wind. And its harder to make a phone call or ride a bike with an umbrella in the hand. An American _28_name is Alan Kaufman and his company spent 6 years inventing a hand-free umbrella. At last, they _29_ it.They _30_ it Nubrella. Just _31_ a button, and the Nubrella will open easily. _32_ th

51、e help of its “shoulder support”, the umbrella can rest on the users shoulders. So the user neednt hold the umbrella any more. He can walk with hands free even in the strong wind. The hand-free umbrella is $59.94 each. People all around the world _33_ it very much. Having one such smart _34_, they c

52、an use their phones to talk and send short messages in rain now. _35_ in the rain under a Nubrella is really cool, isnt it?26. A. held B. hold C. to hold D. have held27. A. though B. since C. if D. because 28. A. who B. whos C. whose D. which29. A. made B. make C. had made D. are to make30. A. will call B. called C. had called D. had called31. A. touch B. touches C. touching D. touched32. A. On B. At C. With D. In33. A. was liki