浅析非语言交际中 身势语

1、浅析非语言交际中 身势语            摘要“身势语”同语言一样，都是文化的一部分。在不同文化中，身势语的意义并不完全相同。各民族有不同的非语言交际方式.例如：不同的民族在谈话时，对双方保持多大距离才合适有不同的看法；谈话双方身体接触的次数多少因文化不同而各异；在目光接触这一方面也有许多规定：看不看对方，什么时候看，看多久，什么人可以看，什么人不可以看；在某些场合下，在中国和讲英语的国家无论微笑还是大笑，通常表示友好赞同满意高兴愉快，但是在某些场合，中国人的笑会引起西

2、方人的反感；打手势时动作稍有不同，就会与原来的意图有所区别，对某种手势理解错了，也会引起意外的反应等等。因此，要用外语进行有效的交际，在说某种语言时就得了解说话人的手势，动作，举止等所表示的意思。而有些权威人士认为两者相互依存。在大多数情况下这是对的。在某些情况下，人体动作与所说的话不一致，口头说的与身势语表达的意思不一样。这时要借助其他信息或从整个情况中猜测说话人的意思，从某种意义上说，一切身势语都要放在一定的情景下去理解；忽视了整个情景就会发生误解。而通过中美身势语对比研究表明，两者有相似的地方，也有差异的地方，说明了解另一种语言中身势语的重要性。可见，真正掌握两种语言的人在换用另一种语言

3、说话时也要换用另一种身势语。这样才能达到更好的交际效果。关键词: 非语言交际 身势语 不同文化 不同方式 Body Language on Nonverbal CommunicationAbstract“Body language”, like our verbal language, is also a part of our culture. But not all body language means2007-03-17        Among Chinese from Vietnam, if a boy

4、 hugs and kisses a girl in public, he insults her. Chinese culture in Vietnam is very strict about this, especially in the rural areas where Hoa grew up. She described her village: “After children are ten years old, boys and girls cannot play together. A boy and girl cannot date without their parent

5、s approval. A man and woman cannot hug or kiss if theyre not married.”In Hoas village if anyone violated these rules, the villagers punished the girl by forcing her to kneel on the ground so they could spit at her and throw rocks at her. No wonder that Puongs American friends frightened Hoa. She did

6、 not know what punishment for public hugging and kissing might be meted out to her in this country. She confused Tom, who by American standards was dong the right thing.Eventually Hoa learned to be comfortable when greeted with hugs and kisses, accepting them as merely perfunctory acts.Analogous to

7、this situation is another in which Duane, a Chinese American employee, invited his non-Chinese boss, Mr. Keck, to a large family celebration. When Mr. Keck arrived, he shook hands with Duane and, when introduced to Duanes grandmother, leaned over and kissed her on the cheek. This shocked the older w

8、oman, yet Mr. Keck was totally unaware that he had committed a social blunder. What he considered as a respectful act, grandmother considered disrespectful. Instead, Mr. Keck should have nodded to the older woman and offered her a verbal greeting. When establishing relations with Asians, avoid body

9、contact. The safest form is to nod and give a verbal salutation. Follow their lead as the relationship changes.Like customs everywhere, increased cross-cultural interaction brings about changes in habits; many Asian businesspeople have accommodated to the American handshaking tradition. On the other

10、 hand, in a situation where it seems as if bowing would still be the only polite move to makeespecially to the Japanesefollowing these guidelines should make it easier. When bowing to people from Japan, hands should slide down toward the knees or remain at the side. Back and neck should be held in a

11、 rigid position, while eyes look downward. The person in the inferior position always bows longer and lower.Those from India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh use the namaste for both greeting and farewells and as a sign of respect. They do this by holding their hands chest-high in a prayerlike position, then slightly nod the head; but they do not bow. American studen