名词性从句

1、编辑编辑pptNoun clauses编辑编辑ppt我的梦想是我能进入一所重点大学。我的梦想是我能进入一所重点大学。My dream is that I can enter a key university.我能进入一所重点大学是我的梦想。我能进入一所重点大学是我的梦想。 That I can enter a key university is my dream.I have a dream that I can enter a key university.我有一个梦想我能进入一所重点大学我有一个梦想我能进入一所重点大学我总是梦想着我能进入一所重点大学。我总是梦想着我能进入一所重点大学。I

2、always dream that I can enter a key university.编辑编辑ppt定义定义:在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句。在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句。作用作用:在复合句中作宾语、表语、主语和同位语。在复合句中作宾语、表语、主语和同位语。因此，名词性从句又可分为宾语从句、表语因此，名词性从句又可分为宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句和同位语从句。从句、主语从句和同位语从句。编辑编辑ppt请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句What I want to do is taking a bath.The news that they won t

3、he game spread the whole school.I dont think he is an honest boy.The fact is that he stole the car.Do you know the fact that he stole the car?It is said that they won the game.( (主从主从) )( (同位语从句同位语从句) )( (宾从宾从) )( (表从表从) )( (同位语从句同位语从句) )( (主从主从) )编辑编辑ppt一、宾语从句一、宾语从句1.作动词的宾语作动词的宾语1)引导词引导词that 可省略可省略

4、I hear (that) he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.2)由由what, whether (if) 引导引导I want to know what he has told you. I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 3)动词动词+间接宾语间接宾语+宾语从句宾语从句She told me that she would accept my invitation.编辑编辑ppt2.作介词的宾语作介词的宾语Our success depends upon how well we can cooper

5、ate with one another.3. It作为形式宾语作为形式宾语He has made it clear that he will not give in. 1)动词如动词如make,find,think,feel,consider,believe等等后面有宾补时，可用结构后面有宾补时，可用结构 make/find等等+it+宾补宾补（adj/n)+宾语从句。宾语从句。I think it necessary that we take plenty of boi-led water every day.编辑编辑ppt2)有些表示好恶的动词及动词短语后，如有些表示好恶的动词及动词短语

6、后，如enjoy,like,love,appreciate,dislike,hate,cant help,see to,depend on,即这些动词及即这些动词及动词短语后面的宾语从句前要加动词短语后面的宾语从句前要加 it. I hate it when they speak with their mouths full of food.I would appreciate it if you helped me.See to it that children dont catch cold编辑编辑ppt宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词1)连词连词: that, if, whether2)

7、连接代词连接代词: who, whose, what, which3)连接副词连接副词: when, where, how, whyShe told me that she would accept my invitation.I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 编辑编辑ppt I dont know if he will attend the party. I dont know who knocked at the door . Do you know whose car it is? Can you tell me what

8、 they are doing? I dont know which school she studies in?编辑编辑ppt Please tell me when the train arrives. Could you tell me where you are from? Let me tell you how much I spent on the car. Peter knew why his father was so angry.编辑编辑ppt 主句的谓语动词为主句的谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess,

9、imagine等等, 其后的宾语从句若含有否定词其后的宾语从句若含有否定词not, 一般要把否定词一般要把否定词not转移到主句谓语上转移到主句谓语上, 从句谓语用肯定从句谓语用肯定.1.否定的转移否定的转移I dont think this dress fits you well.宾语从句的注意事项：宾语从句的注意事项：编辑编辑ppt2. that不能省略的情况不能省略的情况1） that引导动词后的宾语从句时引导动词后的宾语从句时,可省略。但如果可省略。但如果宾语从句是并列句时，引导第二个分句的宾语从句是并列句时，引导第二个分句的that不可不可省略。省略。He said (that)he

10、 was late for school again and that the teacher would punish him.2) that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.编辑编辑ppt3.宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态1)主句用过去时主句用过去时,且从句中有具体的时间状语且从句中有具体的时间状语则用过去式则用过去式(如从句表示客观真理如从句表示客观真理,可用现在时可用现在时)He said he was born in 1980. Yesterday To

11、m said that the earth goes round the sun.2)主句为现在时时主句为现在时时,从句可根据需要选用各种时态从句可根据需要选用各种时态I think that the Greens have left for Hawaii. I want to know if/whether he will go surfing this afternoon.编辑编辑ppt3)以下动词后加宾语从句，从句需用以下动词后加宾语从句，从句需用should +do, should 可以省的虚拟语气。可以省的虚拟语气。一个坚持一个坚持insist, 两个命令两个命令 order, co

12、mmand三个建议三个建议suggest, propose, advise四个要求四个要求demand, require, request, desireIt was suggested that more teachers should be sent there to help them. Tom insisted that his leadership be recognized by all the boys.编辑编辑ppt练习练习:用用whose, whom, what, how, that填空填空.1.I think _ he will be all right in a few

13、days. 2.Do you know _ they are waiting for? 3. He asked _ dictionary it was. 4. Please pay attention to _ the teacher said. 5. Can you tell me _ I can get to the railway station? thatwhomwhosewhathow编辑编辑ppt表语从句放在系动词之后，一般结构是表语从句放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语主语+连系动词连系动词+表语从句表语从句”1、由、由that引导，引导，that不作成分，不作成分，只起连接作用，

14、且只起连接作用，且that不可以省略不可以省略。The fact is that we have lost the game. The trouble is that I have lost his address.2、由、由whether引导表示不确定，由引导表示不确定，由because引导表示原因引导表示原因。The point is whether we should lend him the money. It is because I have ever heard of the story.编辑编辑ppt3. what, which, who, whom, whose等连接代等连接

15、代词及词及when, where, how, why等连接副词既引导等连接副词既引导句子又充当一定的句子成分句子又充当一定的句子成分.The problem is who we can get to replace her. The question is how he did it. That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 4. as if常与常与look, seem, sound等连系动词连用等连系动词连用.She looks as if she would cry.5.在一些表示在一些表示“建议，劝说，命令建议，

16、劝说，命令”的名的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气词后的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。My suggestion is that we （should）start early tomorrow.编辑编辑ppt1.We cannot figure out_ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out. A. that B. as C. why D. when 2.A modern city has been set up in_ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B.

17、which C. that D. where 3.Parents are taught to understand_important education is to their childrens future. A. that B. how C. such D. so 4.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. howCABB编辑编辑ppt5.I think Father would like to know_ Ive been up

18、 to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. how 6.The road is covered with snow. I cant understand_ they insist on going by motorbike. A.why B.whether C.when D.how 7.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever

19、 I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 8.People have heard what the President has said; they are waiting to see_ he will do. A. how B. that C. when D. whatCAAD编辑编辑ppt9.-I think its going to be a big problem. -Yes, it could be. -I wonder _ we can do about it. A. if B. how

20、 C. what D. that 10.Perseverance is a kind of quality-and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why 11.I really dont know _ I had this photo taken . A. where it was that B. it was that C. where it was D. it was whyCAA编辑编辑ppt12.Never take _for granted that I will help you.

21、 Better depend on yourself. A. that B. it C. which D. this 13.It looks _he is unhappy today. A. that B. if C. as if D. whether 14.These wild flowers are so special I would do_ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 15.The old woman was shocked by _ had happened to her daughter

22、. A. whom B. which C. that D. whatBCAD编辑编辑ppt主语从句通常放在主句谓语动词之前主语从句通常放在主句谓语动词之前,如如Who will win the game is unknown.1.it作形式主语的四个主要句型作形式主语的四个主要句型1)It + be+名词词组名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.) + that从句从句Its a pity that we cant go . Its no surprise that our team should ha

23、ve won the game. 或由形式主语或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。代替，而本身放在句子末尾。编辑编辑ppt2)It +be +形容词形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+ that从句从句It is certain that she will do well in her exam. It is probable that he told her everything.3)It + be+ 过去分词

24、过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc .)+ that从句从句It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.编辑编辑ppt4) It +不及物动词不及物动词(seem, happen等等) +that从句从句It seemed that Alice is not coming

25、to the party at all. It happened that I was out that day.2.主语从句的主谓一致主语从句的主谓一致主语从句多表示单一概念主语从句多表示单一概念,因此主句谓因此主句谓语动词多用单数语动词多用单数.what 引导的从句根据引导的从句根据表达的含义来确定谓语动词的单复数表达的含义来确定谓语动词的单复数.When and where well go isnt decided. What we need are books/ is water.编辑编辑ppt3.What与与that的用法区别的用法区别what在从句中作主语、宾语、表在从句中作主语、

26、宾语、表语语,而而that则不作句子成分则不作句子成分.What you said yesterday is right. That she is still alive is good news. 4.Whether和和if的用法区别的用法区别1)通常通常,引导主语从句引导主语从句,表语从句表语从句,同位语同位语从句用从句用whether不用不用ifIt doesnt matter whether she will come or not. The problem is whether she will have enough time.编辑编辑ppt2)正式文体中，与正式文体中，与or n

27、ot连用时，用连用时，用whether.I wonder whether it is big enough or not.注意，在口语中注意，在口语中“ifor not”可接受，但连可接受，但连写的写的“if or not”总是错误的。总是错误的。3)做介词的宾语时用做介词的宾语时用whether.I havent settled the question of whether Ill go back home.4)与不定式连用只能用与不定式连用只能用whether.She hasnt decided whether to go or not.编辑编辑ppt1.After Yang Liwei

28、 succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. A. where B. what C. that D. how 2.I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesnt matter _ Im talking to. A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom 3._ made the school proud was_ more than 90% o

29、f the students had been admitted to key university. A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That.; becauseBBB编辑编辑ppt4.It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. that B. when C. how D. what 5._ we cant get seems better than _ we have

30、. A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what 6.-What do you think of China? -_ different life is today from_ it used to be. How,what B.What, what C.How, that D.What, that 7._ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 8._ I was free that evening. It happ

31、ened to B. It happened that C. That happened D. It was happened thatDAACB编辑编辑ppt9.It was true _ Alice did surprise her mother. A. that B. what C. that, what D. what, that 10.Its not yet clear _ of those will be chosen to do the job. A.that B.whom C.which D.whose 11._ in the newspaper that the Japane

32、se minister will arrive next Monday. A.It says B.It is said C.It has said D.He is said 12._ we have seen is quite different from _ we have heard. A.That, that B.What, that C.That, what D.What, what 13._ I have will be yours sooner or later. A.No matter what B.No matter whatever C.WhateverD.That 14._

33、 was a well-known fact. A. That their team was weak B. That their team being weak. C. Their team was weak D. If their team was weakCCBDCA编辑编辑ppt用主语从句用主语从句 完成句子完成句子.1._(她赢了这场比赛她赢了这场比赛) made us very happy. 2. _(所需要的所需要的) is careful preparation. 3._(她是否来她是否来)doesnt matter too much. 4.That he will succe

34、ed is certain.(用用it句型改写句型改写) _ 5.Why he did this is not known. (用用it句型改写句型改写) _ That she won the gameWhat is neededWhether she is coming or not It is certain that he will succeed. It is not known why he did this. 编辑编辑ppt同位语从句一般用同位语从句一般用whether，that等词引导，等词引导，常放在名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换常放在名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之

35、，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系。同一关系。1.同位语从句的先行词多为同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, belief, hope, message, doubt, truth, information, theory, plan等等, 关联词多用从属连词关联词多用从属连词that.Where did you get the idea that I could not come? They were all very much worried over

36、the fact that you were sick.编辑编辑ppt2.同位语从句意义完整同位语从句意义完整, 应用应用that;意义不完整需增加意义不完整需增加“是否是否”的含义的含义,应用应用whether；需要增加；需要增加“什么时候什么时候”、“什么地点什么地点”、“什么方式什么方式”等含义，应用等含义，应用when，where，how等词。等词。I have no idea whether hell come or not. The question who should do the work requires consideration.3.表示表示“建议、命令、要求建议、命令

37、、要求”的名词所跟的的名词所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气（同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气（should+动词原形，动词原形，should可省略）可省略）This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.编辑编辑ppt1.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别句法功句法功能上能上意义上意义上that引导

38、的同位引导的同位语从句语从句that引导的定引导的定语从句语从句只起连接从句的只起连接从句的作用作用,无意义无意义,在在从句中从句中不充当句不充当句子成分子成分,不可省略不可省略替代先行词在从替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接句中不仅起连接作用作用,还还充当句子充当句子成分成分.若在从句中若在从句中作宾语可省略作宾语可省略.从句是对名词从句是对名词内容的解释说内容的解释说明明从句起修饰限从句起修饰限定作用定作用,是定语是定语名词性从句中易错易混现象名词性从句中易错易混现象编辑编辑pptThe news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is tr

39、ue.The news that he told me yesterday is true.同位语从句同位语从句, that不可省略不可省略定语从句定语从句,that在从句中作在从句中作told的宾语的宾语,可省略可省略编辑编辑ppt填上适当的连接词填上适当的连接词1.I have no idea _ he will be back. 2.We heard the news _ our team had won. 3.There arose the question _ we could get the loan 4. The suggestion _ the plan (should) be

40、 delayed will be discussed tomorrow. 5. Have you heard the news _ Mary will be back soon? whenthatwherethatthat编辑编辑ppt 2 名词性从句用陈述句语序。 When we will leave here is uncertain. 3 who, whom,which, what等与whoever, whomever,whichever,whatever的区别 Who will take the position is under discussion.( who意为“谁”带有疑问色彩) Whoever takes the position should be responsible for our company.(whoever意为“任何人”相当于 anyone who. He wants whatever (anything that）I have.编辑编辑ppt 4 because, why 引导表语从句 That was because he didnt work hard. That was why I asked three days leave. 不能说The reason