高级实用英语视听说(2)1-12单元听力原文

1、1 A Courtesy CampaignBob Edwards, host: Nearly half of all America n adults have wireless teleph on es. People are buying them at a rate of 46,000 a day. The rise of portable phones has been accompanied by a rise in complaints about mobile phone manners. A few cities have passed laws restricting the

2、ir use. But San Diego s trying a different approach, appeali ng to cell phone users with a courtesy campaig nFrom member statio n KPBS, Scott Horsley reports.Scott Horsley Report in g: It seems to be happe ning more and more, i n restaura nts, movie theaters, eve n in church.Soun dbite of Cell Pho n

3、e Ri nging Horsley: When it comes to the shrill in terrupti on of a ringing cell phone, no place it seems is sacred.Revere nd Wendy Craig-Purcell: Well, if we re in the middle of prayer and meditati on, I usually just ignore it. And I may make a comment afterwards, something like,Veil, you know, may

4、be the spirit of God is truly calling us and wanting our attention.ll Horsley: Not every one is as forgi ving as Revere nd Wendy Craig-Purcell of San Diego s 'Church of Today. And not every one views the cell phone as an in strume nt of divine in terve nti on. Whe n San Diego Mayor Susa n Gold i

5、ng con ducted an Internet survey last year, thousa nds of people resp on ded calli ng for restrict ions on cell pho ne use, especially in movie theatres.Mayor Susan Golding: I know that I ve been in the movies. And it s at the quiet time whe n every one s on the edge of their seat and the pho ne rin

6、gs n ext to you and the pers on starts to talk in a very loud voice.Horsley: But rather than proposing regulation, Mayor Golding has launched a volun tary courtesy campaig n, urging wireless phone users to mi nd their mobile mann ers. The campaig n in cludes stickers that bus in ess can display, rem

7、i nding customers they re in a quite zone. The mayor herself posted a sticker outside one movie theatre as Doug Cohe n looked on in approval. Cohe n is a real estate broker whose own cell pho ne gets ple nty of use, but he agrees there ought to be limits.Doug Cohen: I have a very good friends that I

8、 won t 'eat lunch with. They just can t ' get away from it. So it s there s an etiquette. It s just like driving or anything else, you know. Some people will subscribe to a certa in polite ness and some people won： But it s nice that theres' an issue raised here. Horsley: San Diego might

9、 seem like an un likely place to raise the issue of rude cell phone use since the cell phone industry is one of the city s biggest employers, with compa nies like Qualcomm and Nokia. But Nokia is actually spon sori ng the mayor s courtesy campaig n. Vice Preside nt Larry Pauls on says customers shou

10、ld set phone is vibrate rather tha n ring in certa in sett in gs, and sometimes eve n turn their pho nes off.Larry Pauls on: Certai nl y, I thi nk every one agrees with this. I n certa in public areas such as movie theaters, plays, churches, museums, and libraries, talk ing can be very disruptive an

11、d, essentially, it a violatio n of basic courtesy.Horsley: Cell phone compa nies realize a public backlash isrt' good for their bus in ess. And with communities in Ohio and New Jersey already banning cell phone use beh ind the wheel, the in dustry may see a courtesy campaig n as a way to head of

12、f further government regulation, like the beer companies urging their customers to drink responsibly. In stead of a strict en forcer, Mayor Goldi ng hopes to play a gen tle Miss Mann ers. The real Miss Manners, newspaper columnist Judith Martin, thinks that might work better, any way.Judith Martin:

13、If you use the heavy hand of the law for everyday trivial thin gs, you create this state where everybody is angry at everybody else, where the courts are clogged up. This is a very simple thing we re talking about: don fdisturb people, you know. Don t'talk at eh movies. Don t 'talk on the ph

14、one in the movies. Don t 'talk to the pers on n ext to you in the movies.Horsley: Martin says it s not unu sual when new tech no logies develop for people to believe they re in an etiquette-free zone. But gradually, a consen susdevelops about how the tools should be used. With cell pho nes, she

15、says, wne halfway there. People agree that others shouldn t ' annoy them with their phones, but they don t ' necessarily apply the same rules with themselves That will be the challenge, as Mayor Goldi ng dem on strated duri ng a n ews conference kick ing off her courtesy campaig n.Mayor Gold

16、i ng: I thi nk we will in flue nee a great nu mber of people to stop and think.Soun dbite of Cell Pho ne Ri ngi ngMayor Golding: For example, my phone is ringing right now. But I think we will in flue nee a lot of people to tur n off their cell phones or to put them or vibrate.Clearly, there are pla

17、cesand this does n t 'eve n hang up well. But because I want to be courteous and not an swer it duri ng this press conferen ce.Horsley: The mayor later expla ined that hers was a new phone, and she hadriigured out all the sett in gs. She got a quick less on from the Nokia vie preside nt in how t

18、o turn of the ringer. For NPR News, I m Scott Horsley in San Diego.1. Revere nd Wendy Craig-Purcell: Well, if we re in the middle of prayer and meditation, I usually just ignore it. And I may make a comment afterwards, something like, ell, you know, maybe the spirit of God is truly calling us and wa

19、nting our attention. II2. Mayor Susan Golding: I know that I ve been in the movies. And its at the quiet time whe n every one s on the edge of their seat and the phone rings n ext to you and the pers on starts to talk in a very loud voice.3. Doug Cohen: I have a very good friends that I won t 'e

20、at lunch with. They just can t ' get away from it. So it s' there s an etiquette. It s just like driving or anything else, you know. Some people will subscribe to a certa in polite ness and some people wont. But it s nice that theres an issue raised here.4. Larry Pauls on: Certai nl y, I thi

21、 nk every one agrees with this. I n certa in public areas such as movie theaters, plays, churches, museums, and libraries, talk ing can be very disruptive and, essentially, its a violation of basic courtesy.5. Judith Martin: If you use the heavy hand of the law for everyday trivial thin gs, you crea

22、te this state where everybody is angry at everybody else, where the courts are clogged up. This is a very simple thi ng we re talk ing about: don t ' disturb people, you know. Don t' talk at eh movies. Don t ' talk on the phone in the movies. Don t 'talk to the pers on n ext to you i

23、n the movies.2 Give me my place to smokeMy n ame is Michael, and I ve bee n smok ing for fiftee n years.My n ame is Peggy, and 2e bee n smok ing for probably thirty and thirty-five years.Peggy and Michael sit in a smoky n eighborhood bar in Wash ington D.C., a cigarette perched in each other s'

24、hands. They say there are fewer and fewer places like this, where they feel completely comfortable lighti ng up, and they expect the EPA report on sec on dha nd smoke to con tribute to further restrict ions on smok ing in public places. They both say they are kee nly aware of the recepti on they get

25、 whe n they smoke, and how that has cha nged over the years.Thirty-five years ago you really did n t ' give a lot of thought to smok ing. Now you do. And of course you re finding that it s much less acceptable, much less popular, shall we say, to be smoker. And I don t 'know how much of that

26、 is basically political, and how much is apolitical. I don t 'like the atmosphere today, not on ly for smok ing, but I find that that s' true in many other areas of freedom. /How do you experie nee it? How do you get that feeli ng from other people?Well, fiftee n years ago you did n th ink a

27、bout it. You walked in to some one house and they would offer you an ashtray. You don do that anymore. I don even ask anymore. it OK if we smoke?II because for a while there it was. ell, I really wish you wouldn IIAnd that was awkward?No, it wasn t'awkward; it just that you learn not to ask anym

28、ore, and just assume that it not right.I found it awkward.You go to parties now. You know, where it used to be that everybody was sta nding around with a cocktail in one hand and a cigarette in the other and blabb ing, and now you see the smokers, kind ofif it an apartment, furtively standing around

29、 an open win dow, or if it a house, sta nding outside in groups. pretty com mon. /Has it changed your smoking habits in any way?That s hard to say. I will say this: I know that I m much more cognizant of my surroundin gs. For example, if I walk into some one else s office any more, I would n ever th

30、i nk to take a cigarette. And like he said, in some ones' home, you would n t ' automatically sit dow n and have a cigarette. So in that regard, yes.Yeah. I mean, I ve develop a whole body Ian guage about smok ing in groups and in places where it is permissible to smoke.Oh, yes.It s take a d

31、rag.As you are doing right now.Right, blow it straight up in the air so that it does n t get in an ybody s face, the n try to hold your cigarette so that the wind catches, whatever wind there is catches it so that it goes away from the group. So after a while, you look like a factory. You re blowi n

32、g smoke straight up, and youve got this cigarette flying out in the air there, /it wsole body Ian guage.And you do look a bit strange, you re right, now that you say that. Do you feel any defia nee?I don think I do. I ve never felt a desire to infliet my habit on anybody else.I guess I don mea n in

33、flict your habit. I think whe n I mean defia nee, what I mean by that is, if you are in an area where it is totally acceptable to smoke, thatbut you know that there is some one there who doesreally want you to smoke.Yes, yes. Actually, one after noon I was coming home from work. I was walki ng up Co

34、nnections Ave nue and I had my Walkma n on .It had bee n kind of a rough day, and I was puffi ng away on a cigarette and walki ng up the street, and some one came around in front of me and poin ted beh ind me. So I took my Walkma n off, and tur ned around, and there was this man sta nding there, and

35、 he was goin g*xcuse me, your cigarette is in my eyesJIAnd you were outside.I was outside, on the sidewalk. And I looked at him, and I said, Well, the n walk in front of me. |And I just felt like he was his own private smoking patrol. It had nothing to do with any ki nd of physical discomfort I was

36、caus ing him.And did you won der if, the n ext day, he was part of the fur patrol? Thatswhat I think I mean about defianee. I find that in myself, that when they make a judgment, and that basically what they re doing, they re mak ing a judgme nt on my behavior. /Do you un dersta nd at all, though, t

37、his strong feeli ng that people have about smok ing, that if they re not a smoker, they dont'want to be around it, they don t 'want to in hale the smoke?Yes, I can un dersta nd it. Sure. I mean, I ve really knu ckled un der I have cha nged my habits to respect the rights of people who dont&#

38、39; want smoke around them, and Im much more cog nizant of how my smok ing might be affect ing the gen eral area. If rm in a smok ing secti on, I feel that I m en titled to smoke. If they take away that smok ing secti on, I won t 'smoke in there anym ore.I would n t ' go there anym ore, If i

39、t s a matter of spe nding my money in a restaura nt, for example, I would n t ' spe nd my money there. But in regard to that, yes, I un dersta nd it, but I also feel, aga in, back to equity. Give me my place to smoke. Thai all I ask.Peggy and Michael both live in Washington, D.C. /3 Kids and the

40、 mediaThe excesses of the media came under scrutiny this month over howoung peopleare used as sources in n ews storieABC News has bee n un der fire for airi ng an in terview with six-year-old Elian Gonzalez, as many other networks for airing a home videotape of the child. Last year, CNN was criticiz

41、ed when it broadcast phone calls from students at Columbine High School as the shootings there were taking place. NPR s Rick Karr reports on the choices journalists make in deali ng with childre n in the n ews. /When ABC s Dia ne Sawyer in troduced her in terview with Elia n Gon zalez, she referred

42、to one of the bedrock rules of the craft of journalism: Get the story straight from the source.And even though the media has had him under twenty-hour-a-day surveillanee and written, by our calculation,11,984 articles about the politics of all this, not one of us hassat dow n and looked in to his ey

43、es.Just looking into his eyes would have been fine, according to Bob Steel. E s a journalistic ethicist at the Poyn ter In stitute in St. Petersburg, Florida.The problem is whe n he was in terviewed. For Dia ne Sawyer or any other jo urn alist to ask him questi ons of the weight that were asked of h

44、im abouthis mother and the loss of his mother, about whether he wants to stay in Florida, in the United States, or return to Cuba- these are questi ons that arbey ond the graspof a six-year-old in terms of tak ing with a journalist in a meanin gful way. /Steel says journalists need, first and foremo

45、st, to consider whether or not a child is mature eno ugh to actually shed light on a story. An immature child may n ot knowfact from fan tasy and while that s no big deal if the story is on, say, Chicagoa nshopes for this year s White Sox, where a six-year-old might have as much to say as any other

46、pundit, it s much more pressing a concern when international relations or criminal allegatio ns are at stake It s not solely a matter of chrono logical age Steel says; trauma can make eve n adultsregressto childhood. Steele says journalists n eed to step back and fight the urge to get it done right

47、this second.Slow dow n eno ugh that you can assess the situati on and assess the in dividuals who may be the wit nesses and may be the in terview sources in a particular story, and to ascerta in the best we can at hat momerwhat kind of vuln erability they may have./Sometimes witnesses to a crime can

48、 be vulnerable in terms of the perpetrator going after those wit nesses.Bob, is it outside the school right now or are they still in side, can you tell?They re in side .they re in side the build in g. I have nt'see nCNN and a local Denver television station were criticized last year when they br

49、oadcast this tape and others like it: cell phone calls from students hiding in and around Columbine High School, which Dylan Klebold and Eric Harris could, in theory, have used topinpoint the locations of their intended victims.Theyre OK. One of my friends is still in the school, though.Really?I gue

50、ss his mother paged hi. He called her back, said that hes I guess hes in the choir room.Suzanne McCarroll was on the scene at Columbine High School that day. Shes a reporter with KCNC, Denvers CBS station. She says in breaking news situations, judging right from wrong is a matter of gut instinct.A l

51、ot of time I look at the those kid s faces I think, -Oh, my God, this could be one of my kids and am I doing something thats OK if this were my child, if somebody came up and started interviewing my child about whatever given topic or grilling my child with those questi on s?|McCarroll says when she

52、s interviewing kids, parental consent doesnt mean much. Sometimes parents are more confused than kids and sometimes they give their consent for the wrong reasons. Suzanne McCarroll won praise from media critics for her sensitive handling of Columbine. But journalism is a deeply competitive field and

53、 sometimes the urge to scoop the competition trumps the gut check. So had she been in Diane Sawyers shoes, would she have interviewed Elian?I don t'know丨you know, I would hat toI don t 'know. I truthfully, I uses, I don t think I would ve, but I m not in her position.Suzanne McCarroll says t

54、he bottom line of practicing ethical journalism where children are concerned is context. What s going on around the kid in question? How has the reporter couched the interview?Bob Steel of the Poynter Institute says it would be hard to confuse the tape of Elian Gonzalez, provided to the media on Thu

55、rsday by his Miami relatives, with journalism. The question is: When it showed up on the evening newsh,ow was it presented?Steel says the listeners, readers, and viewers need to keep questions like that in mind. Rick Karr, NPR News.4 Is it a sculpture， or is it foodIn the near future, you might be a

56、ble to buy a tomato in the supermarket that has been genetically designed and engineered, a tomato that would stay ripe much longer, strawberries that are not so fragile in freezing temperatures, vegetable oil thast lower in fat. Already on the market: a gene-spliced product thats used in cheese mak

57、ing. There are impressive claims being made for genetic manipulation of food, including production increases that could help alleviate world hunger. But theres also concern, and indeed some fear, about the use of gene-splicing techniques; and last week more than 1,000 chefs from restaurants all arou

58、nd the country made apledge they will mot serve such foods, and theyll work to see that genetically engineered foods are labeled as such. It was announced back in May that no special labeling would be required. Joyce Goldstein has joined theboycott. Shes the owner of Square One Restaurant in San Fra

59、ncisco. /When I first heard about it, I thought, well, they re not even talking about flavor. The only thing theyre talking about is how long they can keep the damn thing in the shelf.You are talking about tomato, basically.Basically the tomato. You know, you worry how long they want to keep it. Is it a sculpture or is it food? And I just kept thinking, I hope that we will get to find out more about this, and that theyll do some testing. For example, if they re using th