第4课-基本电路定律、发电机

1、Section 2 Circuit ElementsvThere are two types of elements (components) founded in electric circuits: passive elements and active elements.Book P5vWhat is passive elements? vWhat is active elements?vActive power and reactive powervAn active element is capable of generating energy while a passive ele

2、ment is not.ResistorCapacitorInductorTransistorVoltage and Current source vOhms Law states that the voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing through the resistor. The constant of proportionality is the resistance value of the resistor in ohms. Section 3 Ohms LawBook

3、P10Kirchhoffs Current Law is given bySection 4 Kirchhoffs Law Book P14Kirchhoffs Current Law (KCL) states that the algebraic sum of currents entering a node (or a closed boundary) is zero.An alternative form of KCL: The sum of the currents entering a nod is equal to the sum of the currents leaving t

4、he node.Kirchhoffs Voltage Law:Kirchhoffs Voltage Law (KVL) states that the algebraic sum of all voltages around a closed path (or loop) is zero.An alternative form of KVL: Sum of voltage drops= Sum of voltage risesSome words: (1) topology 拓扑，拓扑学，拓扑结构The topology of the network may be ring, star or

5、bus.网络的拓扑结构可以是环形的、星形的或总线形的。(2) Clockwise 顺时针方向（的）； Counterclockwise 逆时针方向（的）； Do the vanes in the figure rotate clockwise or counterclockwise?图中叶片的旋转方向是顺时针的,还是反时针的? Section 5 Basic Analysis Methods(Circuit Theorems) Book P185. .1 叠加定理叠加定理 (Superposition Theorem)5. .2 替代定理替代定理 (Substitution Theorem)5

6、. .3 戴维南定理和诺顿定理戴维南定理和诺顿定理 (Thevenin-Norton Theorem)5. .4 特勒根定理特勒根定理(Tellegens Theorem)5. .5 互易定理互易定理 (Reciprocity Theorem)5. .6 对偶原理对偶原理 (Dual Principle)Nodal AnalysisMesh AnalysisSome words: (1) wye-connected Y形连接，星形连接(2) delta-connected 形连接，三角形连接 (3) be 120out of phase 相位相差120度(4) Phase sequence 相

7、序 positive sequence; negative sequence; zero sequenceBook P65 Chapter 4Section 1 Principle of Operation of an Inductive machineThe left-hand rule is applicable to charged conductor moving in a magnetic field , that is applicable to the motor , while the right-hand rule is applicable to an electromag

8、netic induction phenomenon , that is applicable to the generator .Motor and generator同步电机同步电机 (Synchronous Generator )汽轮发电机汽轮发电机- -转速高、离心力大转速高、离心力大- -隐极式隐极式non-salient pole distributed polar 水轮发电机水轮发电机- -转速低、极数多转速低、极数多- -凸极式凸极式salient pole 同步电机的结构同步电机的结构stator core hydrogen condenser Slip ring一、隐极同步

9、发电机的基本结构一、隐极同步发电机的基本结构field windings 汽轮发电机转子铁心的汽轮发电机转子铁心的铣槽铣槽(Slotting)二、水轮发电机结构二、水轮发电机结构(Hydrogenerator, Hydroturbine)(1)(1)立式水轮发电机立式水轮发电机(2)(2)卧式水轮发电机卧式水轮发电机Vertical hydrogenerator Horizontal turbine(3)灯泡贯流式水轮发电机灯泡贯流式水轮发电机(bulb tubular turbine generator )10000kW10000kW水轮机转子水轮机转子水轮发电机模型水轮发电机模型v发电机定子机座外径达21.4米，在工厂制造完成后，分数搬运至工地，吊入机坑焊接拼装。 定子绕组设计为三定子绕组设计为三相双层波形绕组，相双层波形绕组，每相每相5支路并联，支路并联，共共1080根罗贝尔根罗贝尔线棒组成。绕组轮线棒组成。绕组轮换数为换数为1814，每极每相槽数为每极每相槽数为9/4，节距为，节距为13 发电机定子总装配发电机定子总装配发电机定子总装配发电机定子总装配v发