英语初高中衔接辅导材料(教师版)专题四_人称代词和不定代词训练和讲解

1、英语初高中衔接辅导材料（教师版）专题四 人称代词和不定代词训练和讲解一、感知体验 BOur neighbors gave_ _a baby bird yesterday that hurt_ _when it fell from its nest. A. us, it B. us, itself C. ourselves, itself D. ourselves, it ATo save class time, our teacher has _ students do half of the exercise in class and complete the other half for

2、homework. A. us B. we C. our D. ours us students 是同位结构。us是宾语，students为us的同谓语，又如：tell us all。 BSome of the stamps belong to me, while the rest are _. A. him and her B. his and hers C. his and her D. him and hers在句中作表语，指“他的邮票和她的邮票”用his and her (=his stamps and her stamps)。 BWho called me this morning

3、when I was out? A man calling _ Robert. A. him B. himself C. his D.不填 因为“call sb./oneself+某名”就是“叫某人/自称某名字”；句意是“一个自称罗伯特的人”，用himself。CIsnt it amazing how the human body heals _ after an injury? A. himself B. him C. itself D. ititself 指代前面的the human body。 DHe got his first book published. It turned out

4、 to be a bestseller. When was _? _ was in 2000 when he was still in college. A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; Itthat可以指代过去的情况,下句是强调句型的省略形式=it was in 2000 when he was still in college he gothis first book published.CCould you tell me how to get to Victoria Street?Victoria Street? _ is w

5、here the Grand Theatre is. A. SuchB. There C. That D. Thisthat代替上下文提到的地方。CThe English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from _ spoken in England.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. the onethat用来指代前面的名词The English,以避免重复。题意是“美国英语现和英国英语只有很微小的差了。”在英语中，that还常可以用来指代人口、天气、金钱等。如： The weather here

6、is hotter than that inthe north of the country. ALittle joy can equal _ of a surprising ending when you read stories. A. that B. those C. any D. some因为替代前面的不可数名词（little）joy，所以用that,而不是those。此外指示代词“this和that”还可以用作副词修饰形容词，相当于“so”。BSometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasnt always

7、_ much to do. A. such B. that C. more D. verymuch前用so, 不用such。口语中，常用that来代替so。 DIf you cant decide which of the two books to borrow, why dont you take _? I wont read them thisweek. 由前后语境来看，应是建议对方将两本书都拿去看。AYou may drop in or just give me a call. _ will do. A. Either B. Each C. Neither D. All由前句可知是指两者

8、中的“任何一个”，用either。DOf all the books on the desk,_ is of any use for our study. A. nothing B. no one C. neither D. none BIt was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _ of the parents spoke the language. A. none B. neither C. both D. eachneither 表示“两者都不”，句意：在父母都不懂英语的家庭里学习英语，对于他来讲是很困难的。CTh

9、e mayor has offered a reward of $ 5000 to _ who can capture the tiger alive or dead. A. both B. others C. anyone D. another根据句意“谁能捕获那只老虎，无论死活，市长将给赏金5000美元”应选C项。其它三个选项均题意不符。 ATheres _ cooking oil left in the house. Would you go to the corner store and get _? A. little; some B. little; any C. a little

10、; some D. a little; any 因为在Would you? 等表示请求、劝请或建议之类的问句中，一般用some；又由后文“买些油”可知，家里“没有油”了，所以用little。句意：家里没有油了，请你到附近的店子里买些回来好吗？ AWould you like _, sir? No, thanks. I have had much. A. some more orangesB. any more orangesC. some more orangeD. any more orange由答语中的much可知，对话中的orange是指“桔子汁”而非“桔子”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式

11、，排除选项A和B；在劝请的疑问名中用some不用any，排除选项D。 CIm moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D. those选项中只有that能替代不可数名词the air。one替代“a单数可数名词”，表示泛指。指的the one相当于that；the one复数形式the ones，在口语中也常用those代替；当后of短语时，一般用that或those，当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)，如the red

12、 one。one(s),the one(s), those, that都是替代“同类”事物，其中只有that可替代不可数名词。AWeve been looking at houses but havent found _we like yet. A. one B. ones C. it D. them one =a house, 指我们喜欢的那一类房子。BCars do cause us some health problems in fact far more serious _ than mobile phones do. A. one B. ones C. it D. those 替代泛

13、指的名词复数problems，用ones。those是替代特的“the +复数名词”的。BMy most famous relative of all, _ who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, my great-grandfather. A. one B. the one C. he D. someone由语境可判断是特指，且作My most famous relative of all的同位语，用the one。AThere is still a copy of the book in the library. Will

14、you go and borrow ?No, Id rather buy in the bookstore. A. it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; itit指代前面的a copy of the book,后面的意思是：我要到书店去买一本（不是特指哪一本）。 DI think hes just going to deal with this problem _ day. A. next B. other C. following D. another表示“改天”用another day。但表示相对于过去或将来某天来说的“第二天”时，用the next

15、day 或the following day都可以。BNo progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of _. A. others B. the other C. either D. another由neither可知，谈话双方都不同意对方的条件，这个“对方”是特指的另一方，所以用the other。CThe manager believes prices will not rise by more than _ four percent. A. any other B. t

16、he other C. another D. other题干上的意思应该是“价格不会再增长超过4%”。any other “其他另外的”。The other“两者中第二者”。another“另外，又”，放在数词前面。other表示“另外”，和more一样，要放在数字的后面。 BOne weeks time has been wasted. I cant believe we did all that work for _.A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything因为for nothing是习语，意为“徒劳、没有好结果”、“免费”，句意是

17、：我简直不敢相信们所做的一都是徒劳的。DShe doesnt know anyone here. She has got _to talk to. A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. no one因为“在这里，她谁都不认识”，所以“她没有人可以交谈”。no one = nobody = notany one没有一个人。DI made so many changes in my composition that only I could read it. To _ else, it was hard to make out. A. none B. everyo

18、ne C. someone D. Anyone意为除了我以外，“其他任何人(anyone else)”都很难懂。BId like some more cheese. Sorry, theres _ left. A. some B. none C. a little D. fewnone既可以修饰可数名词，表示“一个也不， 一个也没有”；也可以修饰不可数名词，表示“点也不，点也没有”。在本题中指代不可数名词cheese。本题的意思是：我想再来点奶酪抱歉，一点都没了。A项some表示“一些”，C项a little表示“有一点”，修饰不可数名D项few表示“几乎没有”，修饰可数名词。二、归纳提升代词

19、是初、高中学习和高考考查的重点语法项目之一，也是考生容易出错的项目，因为代词具有较大灵活性。考生在做代词选择填空时最容易犯的错误是1）机械地套用语法规则；2）用汉语思维去分析题意。从高考考查情况看，高考考查最多的是不定代词，因为不定代词是整个代词中最为活跃的部分，其次是名词性物主代词和反身代词。（一）、代词的种类 数种类 人称格 单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格Iyouhe she itweyouthey宾格meyouhim her itusYouthem物主代词形容词性myyourhis her itsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshis

20、 hers itsoursyourstheirs反身代词myselfyourselfhimself herself itselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves指示代词this that suchthese those such相互代词宾格each other one another所有格each others one anothers不定代词可数one each, many, (a) few ,both, another, either., neither不可数much, (a) little可数不可数any other all some复合不定代词anyone a

21、nybody anything somebody something someone everyone everything everybody nobody nothing疑问代词who whom whose which what（参见特殊疑问句）连接代词who whom whose which what（参见名词性从句）关系代词who whom whose which that（参见定语从句）（二）、人称代词在句中作主语用主格，在句中作宾语,则用宾格；She teaches them physics.在句中作表语常用宾格；Who is it? Its me.但有时要用主格：It was I

22、 who told him the whole story.在强调句型中,强调的是主语,故I用主格。两个或两个以上的人称代词并列时，其顺序是：单数按2，3，1人称排列，复数按1，2，3人称顺序排列。you, she and I ; we, you and they（三）、不定代词*不定代词种类较多,在使用时应注意其用法与区别。为了便于记忆我们择其重点以表格的形式列出。不定代词区 别例 句one, some，any和itone可以泛指人或者事（东西），其复数为ones。Weve been looking at the houses but havent found _ we like yet.

23、A.one B.ones C.it D.them Cars do cause us some health problems in fact far more serious _ than mobile phones do. A.one B.ones C.it D.those some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。Your coffee smells great! Its from Mexico. Would you like _?A.it B.some C.this D.1ittlesome 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。I

24、 have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any.Which of the three ways shall I take to the village? _way as you please.A.Each B.Every C.Any D.Eitherone指同类中的一个，it指代同一种类的东西。记住下列三点区别：it =the /this/ my+单数名词one =a/an+单数名词it代替特定的单数名词one代替不特定的单数名词one之前加上定冠词the可以表示特指，one前如有形容词

25、修饰,之前还可以加上不定冠词,但是it之前既不能加冠词也不能加形容词修饰。此外it还可以作形式主语、形式宾语和用于强调句型中。There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow ? No, Id rather buy in the bookstore. A.it;one B.one;one C.one;it D.it;itThis film is an interesting one.Of all the dresses, this is the one I like best.some多用于肯定句或

26、疑问句形式表示请求含义的句子，any多用于疑问句和否定句或if引导的条件句。Theres _cooking oil in the house. Would you go to the corner store and get _. A.1ittle,some B.1ittle,anyC.a little,some D.a little,anyWe had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for _.A.none B.either C.any D.eachHe doesnt have _ furniture in h

27、is room -just an old desk.A. any B. many C. some D. mucheach和everyeach强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。Every不能单独使用。Each student has a pocket dictionary.Each (of us) has a dictionary.= We each have a dictionary.Every student has strong and weak points. Every one of us has strong and weak

28、 points.all和bothboth指两个人或物,而all指三个以上的人或物. 在句中都可作主语，宾语,表语,同位语和定语 Which of the two books will you take? Ill take _and I think _of them is very important to me.A. either; neither B. neither; both C. both; either D. either; bothWhich of those electronic dictionaries do you like most? _.They are both che

29、ap and of great importance.A. None B. Both C. Neither D. All注意：both, all, each, every以及由every构成的不定代词出现在否定句中，不管否定词在前还是在后，都是部分否定：All of them dont like music=Not all of them like music.他们并不都喜欢音乐。要表示完全否定，需要借助neither，none ，no one ，nothing，nobody等。Neither of them doesnt like music.他们俩都不喜欢音乐。None of them d

30、ont like the music.他们都不喜欢音乐。none和nono等于not any，作定语，不能单独使用。none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可。There is no water in the bottle.How much water is there in the bottle? None.None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties.other和anotherother泛指“另外的，别的”常与其他词连用，the other day, every other week, some

31、 other reason, no other way, the other特指两者中的另外一个，复数为the others。Both sides have accused of breaking the contract.A. another B. the other C. neither D. eachTwo students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.another指“又一个，另一个”，复数形式是others，泛指“别的人或事”。We had a picnic last term and it was

32、a lot of fun，so lets have _ one this month. A. the other B. some C. another D. otherThe trousers are too long, please give me another pair/some others.Some like football, while others like basketball.either和neither前者意思为：两者中任何一方都；后者意思为：两者都不。Do you want tea or coffee?_,I really dont mind. A. none B. n

33、either C. either D. allIt was hard for him to learn English in a family,in which _ of the parents spoke the language.A. none B. neither C. both D. eachfew和little;a few和a littlefew 和little 表示没有多少,含否定意义,而a few 和a little表示一些,有几个,含肯定意义.另外, few与a few修饰可数名词, little与 alittle 修饰不可数名词。此外quite a few , quite a little意思是“不少,相当多的”。The old man knows a little English.Few of them can speak Russian.三、初中单词复习I.单词拼写 根据句意及所给中文提示或英文解释，写出句中所缺单词。1.My uncle was born in June （六月）,1968.2.Hurry up,or we will miss（错过）the school bus.3.An unhappy home environment（环境）can affect a childs behavior.4.Id like