2020年春人教新目标英语八年级下册Unit9知识点总结和练习

1、2020年春人教新目标英语八年级下册Unit 9 Have you ever been to museum?语言知识点：1. invent(1)invent 作动词，意为“发明；创造” 。例如：Edison invented the light bulb. 爱迪生发明了电灯。(2)invent 还可以表示“虚构” 。例如：The whole story was invented. 整个故事是虚构的。(3) invent 的名词形式有两个，一个是 inventor (发明者；发明家)，另一个是 invention (发明物)。例如：Edison is a great inventor in hi

2、story.爱迪生是历史上伟大的发明家。Human history is also a history of great inventions.人类的历史也是一个伟大发明的历史。【拓展】invent 和 discover 的辨析：(1)invent 意为“发明，发明之物”指“从无到有” 。例如：Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.亚历山大?格雷厄姆?贝尔在 1876 年发明了电话。(2)discover 意为“发现” ，指“本来就已经存在，但不为人知”的事物。例如： Columbus discoveredAmerica in

3、 1492. 哥伦布在 1492 年发现了美洲。2. unbelievableunbelievable 作形容词，意为难以置信的；不真实的”，是由 believable 可相信的；可信任的”加否定前缀 un-派生而来的。其动词形式为 believe，意为相信；以为”。例如： Itsunbelievable thatyou are a writer. 我难相信你是一个作家。【拓展】un-是个前缀，意为“不”。例如：happy 高兴的”一 unhappy 不高兴的” ；lucky 幸运的”一 unlucky 不幸的”；important “重要的” unimportant； “不重要的” ；hea

4、lthy “健康的” 一 unhealthy “不健康的” 。3. encourageencourage 作动词，意为鼓励”。encourage sb. to do sth.意为鼓励某人做某事”。例如：The teacher often encourages us to study hard.老师经常鼓励我们要努力学习。My mother encouraged me to enter the contest.妈妈鼓励我参加那场比赛。【拓展】(1). encourage sb. in sth.意为在方面鼓励 /助长某人”。例如：Do n t en courage him in lazi ness

5、.别助长他的懒惰行为。(2) encouragement 是 encourage 的名词形式，意为鼓舞 /鼓励”。例如：The teacher s words were a great encouragement to him.老师的话对他是极大的鼓舞。4. collectcollect 作及物动词，意为“收集，搜集” 。例如： collect stamps 收集邮票 collect coins 收集硬币【拓展】collection 作名词，意为“收藏品、收集物” 。是动词 collect 的名词形式，是由动词 collect 后缀 tion 变化来的。 collector 作名词，意为“收藏

6、家” 。例如：These are my collections.这些是我的收藏品。My brother has a very good collection of stamps.我的弟弟收集了许多邮票。Mark is a famous stamp collector.Mark 是一位著名的邮票收藏家。5. a couple ofa couple of 意为“少数；几个” 。例如：He bought a couple of books for his daughter.他为他的女儿买了几本书。【拓展】a couple of 还可意为“一双；一对” 。例如：I found a couple of

7、socks in the room but they did not make a pair. 我在房间里找到两只袜子，但他们不是一双。6. thousands ofthousand 是数词，意为千”，当表示具体的“几千”时，用基数词 + thousand”，注意不 加-s。例如：There are six thousand students in the city. 这个城市有 6000 名学生。【拓展】（1） thousands of 表示数千，成千上万的”这时thousand 后要加-s，且后面有介词 of，但 是不能与数词连用。例如：There are thousands of peo

8、ple on the square. 在广场上有成千上万的人。（2） 表示数词的还有 hundred 百”，million 百万”，billion 十亿”。它们的用法和 thousand一样，可以用来表示约数和确数。7. whetherwhether 常引导宾语从句，表示“是否”之意。当把一般疑问句的直接引语转化成间接引语时，常用 if 或 whether 作引导词。例如：I asked her,Do you study English here?我问她”你在这里学习英语吗？”宀I asked her if/ whether she studied English there. 我问她是否在那

9、里学习英语。【拓展】if 和 whether 的辨析：if 和 whether 均可表示“是否” ，一般情况下二者可以互换。 但在下列条件下， 只能用 whether 而不能用 if：（ 1 ） if 后不能直接接 or not。（ 2）whether 可作介词的宾语。（ 3） whether 后可接不定式。（ 4）whether 可用于句首。（ 5） whether 可引导主语从句、表语从句。例如：Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切都取决于我们是否有足够的钱。Whether it is right or wron g,

10、I don正确与否否，我不知道。It doesnt matter whether he will come or n 哋来不来没关系。8.mostlymostly 作副词，意为“主要地；通常 ”。例如：He reads the occasional book, but mostly just magazines.他偶尔也看书，但大多只看杂志。Lizards live mostly in warm climates.蜥蜴主要生长在气候温暖的地方。He works mostly in London office.他通常在伦敦办事处工作。词汇精练I.英汉短语互译。1 take the subway

11、_2by bike_3 have a great time _4 take a holiday _5 go skating _6各种各样的 _7在将来 _8鼓励某人做某事 _9. 一方面.另一方面.10数以千计的 _II.根据汉语或首字母提示完成单词。1. Do you know who d_ America?Columbus( 哥伦布 ).2.Autumn is the third s_of the year .3.The t_ is very high today . You shouldntwear so many clothes.4.David is a _( 勇敢的 ) boy .5

12、.How many _( 狐狸 ) can you see in the picture?6.His son is _( 醒着的 ) at seven every morning .7.The p_ of our city is larger than before .8.Now more and more people like to learn _ ( 自然的 ) science in China .III. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1.The book _ (it) is so perfect that everybody likes it .2._ We are satisfie

13、d with their(perform) .3._ Lily s father has large(collect) of old coin.s4.I met some _ (German) on my way home . They asked me the way to the museum .5.I think the car is one of the best _ (invent) in our life .6.She has an _ (usual) experience in the countryside.7.The old man wanted to move to a _

14、(peace) place .8.The news spread _(rapid) from mouth to mouth .9.Her _ (society) life got in the way of her study .10. Nobody believes the story . I think so . I think it s _ (be. lieve)【参考答案】I. 英汉短语互译。1乘地铁 2骑自行车 3玩得开心 4度假 5去滑冰6 different kinds of/a variety of7 in the future 8 encourage sb. to do st

15、h9 on (the) one hand.on the other hand. 10 thousands ofII. 根据汉语或首字母提示完成单词。1 discovered2 season 3temperature4 brave5 foxes6 awake7population8 naturalIII.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1 itself 2 performance 3 collection 4 Germans 5 inventions6 unusual 7 peaceful 8rapidly 9 social 10unbelievable 句式精讲1. I nvever been

16、camping.“have+been+现在分词”为现在完成进行时结构。表示从过去某一时刻一直延续至今的动作。 在句中，说话人使用这一时态来强调自己从未有过野营的经历，欠缺这方面经验。例如：I vbeeen cleaning the house but I still haven.t finished我一直在打扫屋子，但我仍然没有做完。I have been working for 12 hours. 我已经工作了 12 小时了。(刚结束了工作，或者还正在做并将继续) 。2. I wonder how much more computers will be able to do in the f

17、uture.wonder 作及物动词，意为想知道；对. 感到怀疑”，常见的用法有：(1)后接 who， what， why， where 等引导的宾语从句。I wonder who she is. 我想知道她是谁。She wondered what the child was doing.她感到疑惑，孩子究竟在干什么。I wonder why Ann is late. 我想知道安为什么迟到了。I wonder where they have gone. 我想知道他们去哪儿了。(2)后接 that 引导的宾语从句，表示“对感到惊讶”，that 常可省去。I wonder (that) she h

18、as won the race. 我对她赢了比赛感到惊讶。(3) 后接 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句，常用来表示一种委婉的请求或疑问。She wondered whether you were free that morning.她想知道你那天上午是否有空。I wonder if he will succeed.我不知道他会不会成功。3. Let s go to one tomorrow.let 意为“让，允许”，表示“让(允许)某人做某事”应该说“let sb. do sth.”，不能说“ letsb. to do sth.”。例如：Let me help you. 让我帮助你。

19、His mother doesn t let him go out at night.他母亲不让他晚上出去。let 是表示建议或请求的祈使句句型，let 是 let us 的缩写形式。例如：Let s go to schoo 咱们上学吧。Let s play basketball after school 咱们放学后打篮球吧。【拓展】let 与 let us 在用法上略有区别。在表示向对方提出建议，涉及双方的共同行为时，let us 可以缩写成 let而表示请求对方允许做某事，不涉及对方行为时，let us 不能缩写成 let 。例如：Let （=sLet us） play sports. 咱

20、们做运动吧。Let us know your telephone number.请把你的电话号码告诉我们。 （Let us 不能缩写成 Let）s【注意】以 Let开头的句子改为反意疑问句的时候，后面的附加疑问句用“shall we?”，因为 Lets是把说话人包含在内了；以 Let us 开头的句子改为反意疑问句的时候，后面的附加疑问句用will you? ”，因为 Let us 不包括对方。4. It s really interesting, isn t it?It s really interesting, isn 是反意疑问句 it?表示对陈述句所说的事实提出相反的疑问，要求对方用

21、yes 或 no 来进行回答。反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是疑问句，疑问句是由be， have，助动词或情态动词后接主语构成。 如果陈述句是肯定结构， 反意疑问句须用否定结构； 反之， 陈述句如果是否定结构， 反意疑问句须用肯定结构。 反意疑问句的两部分， 必须保持人称和 时态的一致。例如：He is old, is n他 老 e 了，不是吗？He never went there, did he? 他从没有去过那里，是吗?无论哪种形式的反意疑问句，回答时要遵循：“Yes,后接肯定式”或者“ No,后接否定式”。例如： The girl is helping her mo

22、ther with the housework, isn t she?那个女孩正在帮妈妈做家务 ,不是吗？Yes, she is. 是的，她在帮。No, she isn不,t.她没有帮。5. The tea art performances show how to make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets.how to make a perfect cup of tea 是“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”，在句子中作动词 show 的宾语。相当于特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。例如：I don t know what to do =I don t

23、know what I can do next.我不知道下一步做什么。【拓展】疑问词 what， which ， how， where， when 等可以和动词不定式连用，构成不定式短语。 “疑 问词动词不定式”可以做主语、宾语、表语等。例如：When to start off hasn t bedrydec 什么时候出发还没决定。（做主语）The question is which bus to take. 问题是乘哪辆公共汽车。 （做表语） “疑问词动词不定式”可以由名词从句简化而来。I don t know what I should say.I don t know what to s

24、ay.我不知道该说些什么。句式精练I. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。1. Mary hasn t been to DalianI haven t beeriDolian , either.（改为同义句）_ M a ry _ I _been to Dalian 2Tom is the tallest boy in his class （改为同义句 ）Tom is taller than _ _ _ in his class 3._ Linda hasnt been to Wuharhavent been theeither. （改为同义句 ） Linda has n bee n to Wuha

25、 n._ .4._ She s been to Qingdatwice .（对划线部分提问）has she bee n to Qingdao?5. They have cleaned the classroom.（改为否定句 ）They_the classroom .6. Has your brother finished his homework?（作肯定回答）Yes,_ .II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。1. 四分之三以上的人口是中国人。More than_of the population are Chinese .2. 你将毫不费力地找到米饭、面条或饺子。You wont have a

26、ny_ ricenoodles or dumplings.3. 我不知道你是否喜欢印度食品。I don t know you like Indian food.4. 天黑的时候去动物园或许很奇怪。It_to go to a zoo when it s dark5 .你可以选择在你喜欢的任何时间去那里。You can choose to go_.6. 如果你不去买东西，我也不去。If you don t go shoppi_ .7. 许多孩子已经听说那部电影了。Lots of children have_ that movie already .&我常看见他们在家写作业。I often_

27、 their homework at home .9.这本字典比其他的字典贵很多。This dictio nary is more expe nsive tha n_.10 .在博物馆有那么多好看的东西。There s_to see in the museumIII. 语法专练：句型转化。1 . I haven t washed the clothes. Neither has sh 改为同义句）I haven t washed the clothes. She_.2 . She has already finished the homework.（改为否定句 ）She_ the homewo

28、rk_ .3 . Both of them have visited Mou nt Hua ng.（改为否定句）_ them_visited Mount Huang.4 . Neither this answer nor that one is right.（ 改为同义句 ）_ the an swer_ right.5 . He has never been to New York. I have never been there, either.（改为同义句 ）He has n ever bee n to New York, and_I.IV. 从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。A. I wi

29、sh I will go there with you that day.B. But I have n ever bee n to an amuseme nt park.C. Where will you go?D. We have no time now.E. How much is the ticket?A: Have you ever bee n to an aquarium?B: Yes, I have. I went there last year.1A: Neither have I. I want to go there. I want to go to the space m

30、useum, too.B: I haven t ever been to the spacesmum, either. My father said he would take me there oneday.A: How lucky you are!2B: I wish, too. I believe we will have a great time there.A: Yes. Now it s getting late.3_B: I want to see a film in the theater now.A: I want to go, too.4B: Twenty yuan.5Le

31、t s go.【参考答案】I.句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。1.Neither; nor; have2.any other boy/the other boys3.Me neither4.How many times5.havent cleaned6.he hasII.根据汉语提示，完成句子。1.three blem getting3.whether/if4.might seem strange5.whenever you like6.neither will I7.heard of8.see them do9.any other one/dictionary 或 t

32、he other dictionaries10. so much funIII. 语法专练：句型转化。1.hasn t either2.hasn t finished; yet3.Neither of; has4.Neither of; is5.neither haveIV. 从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。1-5: BACEDUnit 9 Have you ever bee n to museum?【巩固练习】I.单项选择。1. How do you go to school every day , by bike or by bus? _ I go to school on foot A

33、BothB EitherC NoneD Neither2 _of the students in our school have seen the film A Third quartersBThree quarterC A three quarterD Three quarters3 Please be quiet I have _ to tell you A important anythingB important somethingCsomething importantD anything important4He can hardly speak English ， _?Acan

34、heBcant he Cdoes heDdoesn t he5They gave away _ books to our schoollast year A thousand ofB two thousandsC thousands ofD two thousand of6I ve never seen _ _ bird beforeA so a beautifulB such a beautifulC so beautifulD such beautiful7You can come and play with me _ you re freeA whateverB whereverC ho

35、weverD whenever8We didn t have any problems _ the bookstore10 Look! Can you see the children _ in the park?Abe playingB playingCto playD play11 Have you _ visited the old house by the river? No， _A ever； everBever；neverC never；ever D never； never12 _your sister _ Hainan Island? Yes， she said it is a

36、 wonderful place A Did ； go B Will ；goC Has； gone toD Has；been to13 _have you stayed in this city? For about five years A How longBHow farCHow soonD How often14 I like traveling and I want to find a job _ a tour guideAasBforC underD at15 I need to _ English well if I want to be a flight attendant I

37、think Mr. Smith can _ you some easy ways to improve your English better and fasterA speak； tell B speak； sayCsay； tellD say； talk toII.完形填空。That day was like any other day in his life. After school Michael walked past the shop in the street corner.He stopped to_l_the front row of shoes, and he felt

38、sorry for himself. He_2_wanted to have a pair ofshoes for his birthday.He walked away sadly and thought of what to tell his mother. He knew she would give him _3_if shecould. But he also knew very well she had _4_money. He decided not to go home _5_, as he lookedworried and his mother would notice i

39、t. So he went to the park andsat down on the grass. Then he saw a boy in a wheel chair.He noticed that the boy moved theA findingB find9 I want to know _ A where does he live Cwhat he is doingCto findD foundB how old is heD how soon will he come backwheels with his hands. Michael looked at him caref

40、ully and was _6_to see that the boy had no feet. Helooked _7_at his own feet. “Itis _8_better to be without shoes than _9_feet. h”e thought.There was no reason for him to _l0_so sorry and sad. He went away and smiled, thinking he was morelucky in his life.1. A. seeB. look atC. hearD. notice2. A. gla

41、dlyB. nearlyC. reallyD. quickly3. A. somethingB. whatC. nothingD. anything4. A. littleB. a littleC. muchD. lots of5. A. at onceB. thenC. just nowD. at all6. A. pleasedB. excitedC. surprisedD. interested7. A. upB. throughC. outD. down8. A. muchB. stillC. evenD. less9. A. out ofB. withC. withoutD. hav

42、ing no10.A lookB. feelC. appearD. seemIII.阅读理解。AMr. and Mrs. Turner live outside a small town.They have a big farm and they are alwaysbusy working on it. Their son, Peter, studied at a middle school. The young man studied hard and did well in hislessons. It made them happy.Last month Peter finished

43、middle school and passed the entrance examination（ 升学考试 ）. Mrs. Turnerwas very happy and told the farmers about it.Yesterday morning the woman went to the town to buy something for her son. On the bus she told one ofher friends how clever and able her son was. She spoke very loudly. All the people i

44、n the bus began to listen toher.“Which university （大学） will your son study in?” a woman next to her asked.“In the most famous university in our country!” Mrs. Turner said happily.“The most famous university? ”“Oxford University （牛津 ）. ”Most of the passengers （乘客 ） looked at her carefully. Some of th

45、em said to her, “ Congratulations!”A woman said, “Im sure he ll know Fred Smith. ”“Whos Fred Smith? ”“Hes my son. ”“Does he study in the university, too?”“No, ”said the woman. “He is one of the professors.”l. The story happened in _ .A. America B. France C. GermanyD. England2. Mr. and Mrs. Turner we

46、re happy because _ .A. their son did well in his lessonsB. they have a big farmC. they have a good harvestD. their son studied at a middle school3. Mrs. Turner wanted everyone to know _.A. her son fini shed middle schoolB. her son was han dsomeC. her son was going to study in a uni versityD. her son

47、 was very friendly to others4. Mrs. Turner spoke so loudly in the bus that_.A. her friend could hear herB. all the people could hear herC. she hoped to make all the people happyD. she hoped they would say con gratulati ons to her5. Which of the followi ng is true?_ .A. The woman wasn t interested in

48、 Mrs. Turner s wordsB. Mrs. Turner knew nothing about the famous uni versityC. The woma n wan ted to stop Mrs. Turner from show ing off （ 炫耀）D. The woma n next to Mrs. Turner wan ted to show off her son, tooBBlue Ocean Aquarium is a great place for families to take a holiday . Children love to see t

49、he sea animalsand watch movies about sharks in it.Last Saturday morning , Mr. Black took his wife and two little sons to the aquarium. At the ticket office , heasked,“ How much shall I pay to get in?” The woman at the ticket officeanswered, “ The price is 20 dollars for each adult 成年人）or any kid old

50、er than five . We let kids in free（免费）if they are five or younger . How old are your kids? ” Mr. Bia,saThe older onesi six and the younger oneis three . I think I must buy three tickets.” The woman.wSbe;urprisedsaid,“ S,r don t you want to save 20 dollars? If you tell me your older son is five, I wo

51、n t knowthe differenee. ” Mr. Black said with a,smi1ee, that sounds right, but my kids will know the differe nee.”From Mr. Black s stfflEyknow honesty is very important in the modern society . We should tell the truthto the people around us , especially to the kids .6.There are_people in this story

52、.A . three B. five C. four D. six7 . Mr. Black paid_for their tickets to the aquarium at last .A . 20 dollars B . 40 dollars C . 60 dollars D . 80 dollars8 . Children can see_ in Blue Ocean Aquarium .A . dolph insB . pan dasC . koalas D . tigers9 . The un derl ined word“ hon esty”_ means.A.激情 B.友谊C.

53、乐观 D .诚实10 . What can we lear n from the passage?A . Mr. Black was very rich .B . Mr. Black wan ted to save some money .C . Mr. Black paid for his two sons tickets in the end .D . Mr. Black thought honesty was more important than money .IV. 书面表达。假设你是吉姆，上周末你和父母乘飞机去海南度假了。请以A won derful trip to Hainan

54、为题，写一篇 80 词左右的短文。A won derful trip to Hainan 答案与解析：1.单项选择。1D 。由答语中“我步行去上学”可知既不是骑自行车，也不是乘公共汽车。表示“两者都不”用 neither。故选 D。2.D。在表达分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，如果分子大于一，分母用复数形式。四分之三”应表示为 three quarters，故选 D。3.C。形容词修饰不定代词时要后置，故排除 A、B 两项；一般情况下，something 用于肯 定句中，anything用于否定句或疑问句中，故选 C。4.A。因为陈述句中有否定词hardly，所以反意疑问部分用肯定形式。又

55、因句中有情态动词 can,故选A。5.C。当 thousand 前有具体数字修饰时，thousand 必须用单数形式，故排除 B 项；当其表 示概数时，用复数形式，并且后加 of,即 thousands of,意为数以千计的，许许多多的”。故选 C。6.B。空格后的 bird 为可数名词单数；“such + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数”可与so + 形容词 + aan +可数名词单数”进行互换。故选 B。7.D。由句意“无论你何时有空，都可以来和我玩”知，whenever 符合题意。8.A 。 have problems（in） doing sth. 意为“做某事很费事” ,为固定结构。

56、9.C。宾语从句用陈述语序，而A、B 和 D 三项都用了疑问语序，可排除，故选C。10. B。 see sb. do sth. “看见某人做某事” ,强调全过程； see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在 做某事”,强调动作正在进行。由句中的“ Look! ”可知强调动作正在进行,故选 B。11.B。ever 用于一般疑问句，而 never 用于否定句，表示从未”的意思。12.D。用现在完成时说明到目前为止的情况。have/has been to表示去过某地（现已回来）”， have/has gone to 表示“去了某地 （正在去的路上或已经到了 ）”。由答语可知是“去过了” ,

57、 故选 D 。13. A。答语是“ for+ 段时间”，故用 how long 提问。14. A。 as a tour guide 意为“作为一名导游” 。15. A。 speak English 意为“说英语” ； tell sb. sth. 意为“告诉某人某事” 。II. 完形填空。1. B。look at 表示看”，指有意识地看；而see 是看见”，notice 是“注意到”，它们都表示无意识的动作。2. C。根据前面的he felt sorry for himself ”，判断他很想要双鞋。3. D 。从上下文可看出他妈妈深爱他，如有可能，她会为他买任何东西，anything 是“任何东西”的意思，在此表示一种强调的语气。4. A。通过 but 一词，可知语气转折，little money 为几乎没有钱”，表示否定意义。而 a