it作形式主语和形式宾语用法

1、it作形式主语和形式宾语用法2 009-092 I Og：58； 41|分类，StUdY I标签，|字号大中小订阅.It用作形式主语当不定式（短语卜动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持旬子结构前后干鯨 避免头重脚轻，因此常用il作形式主语負干句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时It只起先行引导作用.0 .一、II用作形式主语当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时为保持句子结构前后平衝，避免头重脚轻因此常用it作形式主语舀于句頁而将真正的主语放在句屋。此时it只起先行引导惟用.本身无词义.e。g It is wrong to tell a lie.（说谎是错误的。）

2、（It为to tell a li e的形式主语It is n o use arguin g abou t it.（争吵是没用的。）山为argui n g about it的形式王语）It is uncer t ain o w i II co mg.（谁史来还不确宦。）（It为who w i II come的形式王语）It作形式主语的常见句型： 11 4 be 4 形容词 + t o do sth / doing I that 。e。g It i s very important t o learn a f o reig nlgnguage。（学一门外语非常重要。）丨 t I s se L es

3、s cry i ng over the s pil t 口 脱履水难收。）11 s all y su r prisi ng tn 日 1 sh e 11-1 arr i Gd a man Liketht。（做呆给那样的男士真让人惊讶。） I t名词词组doing/th at.e. g. It is n o good te I ling Lies.帥谎既子处。）It i s a Pitv th a t y ou didrft go t osg© th e f i L ni estor day.（你昨天役看咸那部电影亘遗瓯）It i s a ! m t h th a t t here w

4、ould be n o new C hina w i thout the CommunistParty.（没有共产党就没有新中虱 这是毋庸质疑的。） 1【4曲过去分词50 t .该句型常见动词有：s ay. h o pe. think, suppose. expect, repo t. kn ow, bel i eve, decide, etc-e. g. It is sa i d th at they h av© i n vont e d a n ewpe of comp u t er.（扌居说他们发明了 一种新型电肪”）It is b elieve d th at China w

5、ill become one of the strongs s t countrie s in t he wor L d.（大家都祖信中国将会步入世界强国之列。）It was 飞 ported that mo e t han 1 70 thousand people died in th 色 20 04 tsunam i。（据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。） It 亠 s ©©msf appgrs/happgn s等不及物动词 + that .e。g tt seems tha t he e n jos P op songs ve much.似乎他非常喜欢流

6、行歆曲。）It appears t ha t Tom might change h i s min d .（看来汤姆可能会改变王意。） 若句子是疑间形式，就只能用it作形式主语。eg Does it mat ter much th a 11 h ey wo n *t c o me tomorrow?他们明天不莉薩要耶）Is it true that h e wi Ll go a broad "e"训eek。（他下周出国是真的吗力 1 t + ta kes +（ s b.）4- so ni g j in © + O do £ * h这是一个表示（某人应多少

7、时间干某事"的句型，其中it杲形式王语代替后面的不定式（to doSthe ）.句型中的如也可以省略e。g It to ° k me soTfle time t o read the re ading mater i a is.（我花了一些时间才後完那段阅读材料。）1七 took him fourteen hours to go to New Z e ala nd fro Shanghai by p|e no.（从上海乘飞机去新西兰花了他14小时。）How long does i take y ou to go 1 ° Beij5 ng from Qingdao

8、tr ain?（从青岛坐火车到北京一般或花多久时间0）I am not su r e, bu t I thin k it tak es a i least nine hours to get there（我不能肯定，但估计至少要九个钟头才官鮭寸那儿。）二、It用作形式宾语当不定式伏亘语卜动名词（短语）或从句左某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡”懂免句式结构 的混乱，常用讥作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时Z仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。下列四种情况须用H作形式宾语： 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句衽复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时（如thi n k ,make, find,

9、 consider, fee|, svpPoseW）je . g。They found i t pie a san tthat t hey worked with us Ch i ne s e o（他们友现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。）I don t fee I it diff i cu Ltto un dersta n dtheSp ©cis lEng I i she（我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。）H© ma k©s it a rule never to borrow mon ey.（他立志决不向别人借钱。I thnk it no n 已飙 t alk in

10、g ab ° ui icith th®m.（我认为役必至跟他们谈。） 某些表示'喜、怒、哀、乐"的动词，如, en j oy, love. h施等，往往不頁缰接接宾语从 句；e. g. I don't likei t tinat he's so I azy «（我不喜欢他那么懒惰）【hate j -t when my mo t her as ks 01 e o eat egg s .（我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。） tha t弓|导的宾语从句不能直檢作介词的宾语；e。9。 You may depen d o n it that we s

11、 hall always help you.（尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。）would you see to 丨 t that she gets Home earl y?（你负责保证妣早到京，好吗?）He ins i sted on i t that he was in no cent.（他坚持说目己是无辜的。1 由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若佗该动词的宾语时,须借用i仁Q. 9 » I teavG it to vour wn j udge m orit whet her you should do it.(我让你自己判断这事是否该做。)owe it to y ou T

12、hat triGro wasn't a sri ous acci d©n t(多亏了你才役有发生严重事故。)试比较下列高老题，选岀最隹答案，1. Is necessary t° couple etedesi gn before Nat i c n a i Day? (MET8g)A. ihi sB.thatC. i t D. he2. I don't t h inkpossible to master a foreign I anguage with outmuc h memory work °(MET90)A. th i s B that C i

13、isD。 i t3。Does _ matt er if he can't finish thejob on t ime?(MET91 )A. this E；。 that C。 h e D it4。Toth's moth er ke p t 怕 L "n ghi m【hgt 加 $ hou L d wor k hr d © r t but didn't help。 (ME"3A. he which C. she D. it5i s a tacttnat Eng Lis h is being accepted asanm t e? na ti。

14、册 IIan g uag e (MET95)A. Thore B. Thjs C. Ths i D.】t6.1 hate when pe o pie talk wth their m o u t h s fu I L (MET98)A. ittha "t C。these D.1. Don 98)A. take as grs n ted B ta ke this for grantedC lake t hat for gran t ed D 胡址 e i t for ganted8.1 like_in the a v t umn when the weather is clear an

15、d brighto (MET2004)A。 t his E. tha t C。 it D. on e模拟练习：1.h a ppe n e d he is unfit for th e of f *i c 亡 °A。 This, that B. t h at5 that Co It; hat De Hs th肌2。We took for ga nt that t h ey would ac c ep t our ad " i ceoA t h3T B. th i S C. i ID帕皿- that the s c i entis t wi t L giv u s a talk

16、 n xt onth?A. Is t r u e Bo I s it true C. It's true D. I t's truly4.doe sn* t maiter much dress yo u are go i n g t o wearA. This； that E。 T?iat；w hoC. I t ： “h i ch D。h who5. is going to Amer i ca f o t f u rther study.A. He is s a id that B. People said that heC. t Ma5 s aid h e D It is s a id that he6. Th© y are good trion ds is no won derthat tney kr)° w eacri ther s o well。A Th is T h at C. Tlere D It了. 1$ _possibP I。 fly to th e mo 0 n in aspacesh i p?A tiiis B o there 6 th D it8。Shetike d _ whenkiss«d he