被动语态新（课堂PPT）

1、TJ英语组英语组单项、完形 考题形式难点&重点一般过去时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态含有情态动词的被动语态 现在完成时的被动语态特点转换公式特殊语法：被动语态被动语态简介：语态分为主动语态和被动语态主动语态:施动者自己发出的动作。“把”They experienced a terrible tsunami .被动语态:强调突出动作承受者。“被”A terrible tsuami was experienced by them.被动语态结构是:be+done “被被”即：主+be+过去分词(P.P)+(by sb) They were hurt by the tsunami. 能用被动语态被动

2、语态的情况：（1）不知道动作的执行者或没有必要指出动作执行者时。eg：Many people were killed. (被杀了) 能用被动语态被动语态的情况：（2）强调动作承受者，而不是动作的执行者时。Eg: The story was found in the tsunami.这个故事是在海啸中被发现的.(强调故事被发现而不是强调由谁发现)（肯）English is spoken by many people.（否）English isnt spoken by many people.被动语态的句式转换：（一般疑问句） -Is English spoken by many people?

3、-Yes, it is. / No, it isnt.（特殊疑问句） (1) -Whom / Who is English spoken by?(2) -By whom is English spoken? - Many people.各种时态的被动语态及其具体结构如下表（下页）： Eg: The Great Wall is visited by many foreigners every year. （1）一般现在时的被动语态：is/am/are + done Eg:The subway is being built by workers. （2）现在进行时的被动语态：is/am/are b

4、eing done Eg:The subway has been finished by workers. （3）现在完成时的被动语态：have/has been done （2）现在进行时的被动语态： Eg: The clothes were washed by my mother.（4）一般过去式时的被动语态：was/were + doneeg: The computer was being used at 9:00 yesterday. （5）过去进行时的被动语态：was/were being done (那时正在被做) Eg: will be rewarded.shall be pun

5、ished. This dog is going to be sold to Italy. （6）一般将来时的被动语态： will /shall be done be going to be done Eg: Our environment must be protected by everyone. （7）含有情态动词的被动语态：can/should/must/may be done 时态时态被动语态结构被动语态结构一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在完成时现在完成时含有情态动词含有情态动词am/is/a

6、re donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being doneshall/will/be going to be donewould be donehave/has been donecan be done练习造句：（1） bike bike repairrepair LucyLucy alreadyalreadyThe bike has been repaired by Lucy already. 练习造句：（2）dogsdogscancanlook afterlook afterTomTomThe dogs can be looked

7、 after by Tom.=The dogs can be taken care of by Tom3.主动语态中的在被动语态中变成 by sb.主动语态变被动语态的方法：2.把动词变成 “ ”1.把的变被动语态的The boss made Tom work all night long.主语+系动词+表语The boy is very clever.主语+谓语（不及物动词）He works very hard.主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语Many people speak English.主语+谓语+双宾语My mother gave me some money yesterday.主语+

8、谓语+宾语+宾补Eg: Many people speak English. Some money was given to me by my mother yesterday.Eg：My mother gave me some money yesterday. 主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语（人）宾语（物宾语（人）宾语（物）I was given some money by my mother yesterday.My mother gave some money to me yesterday.I am gotten to play games after school by my mother

9、.The boss made Tom work all night long. 主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾语 宾补宾补Tom was made work all night long by the boss.My mother gets me to play games after school.I was made happy by the interesting story.I heard a boy singing in the next room yesterdayA boy was heard singing in the next room by me yesterday.The

10、interesting story made me happy.1.感官动词look/ sound/ taste/ smell/ feel 等无被动语态。正确：The cat feels soft. 错误：The cat is felt soft.（feel 无被动） 错误：The cat is feeling soft. （ feel 无进行时）2.当read, wash , clean, cook, cut, wear, carry, burn, cook ,sell等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动的意义。Eg: The cloth washes well.

11、The books sell quickly. This cheese doesnt cut easily. Its too soft. 3.need , want, require 等词无被动 need doing （某事）需要被做(need为实意动词) = need to be done e.g: The desk needs mending. = The desk needs to be mended. need be done (need为情态动词）e.g: The desk neednt be mended.4.be worth doing （某事）值得被做 (主动表被动)e.g:

12、这本书需要被读。 The book is worth reading. 正确 The book is worth being read. 不正确1.被动语态还原to:常见的考点有：make sb do-(sb) be made to dosee sb do-be seen to do hear sb do-be heard to dowatch sb do- be watched to do notice sb do- be noticed to doThe boy is always seen _ in the steet.playto playplaying答案：B有频率副词出现多用see

13、 sb do，变被动语态时要补出to。2.不及物动词+介词/副词+宾语时，有被动语态。 如take care ，look等为不及物动词或词组，无被动语态，但是take care of , look after则为及物动词短语。e.g. The old should be taken care by us. (错误) The old should be taken care of by us. (正确) The old should be looked after by us. (正确) 3. be done =get done She did this to get/be elected. 被

14、选上 4. 不及物动词无被动,常见词 happen/take place/ change等无被动语态。 eg. What has happened? Whats happened? What is happened? 不正确 My hometown _ a lot in the past few years.has been changedhas changedwas changed答案：Bin the past few years 是现在完成时标志change 无被动语态。5.have sth done 让某事被做 want sth done 想让某事被做sth与done之间是被动 I ha

15、ve had my hair cut. 头发 被剪He wants his clothes washed. 衣服 被洗-Our environment is getting worse than before.-you are right. But thanks to Earth Day, people have done more and more useful things to protect the earth since Earth Day _.（哈2007中考26题单选）A. is started B. was started C. has started 解题技巧：Earth d

16、ay 与start的关系是被动-现完标志since-since后过去时答案：B-People say the subway (地铁) _ building in Harbin in a few years.-Sounds _. I have never seen it before.（哈2008中考25题单选）A. will finish; interesting B. is finished; interested C. will be finished; interesting解题技巧：第一个空：subway与finish是被动关系+ 标志（ in a few years ）=一般将来时的被动语态答案：CHappiness _39_ when we always have new desires hard to satisfy (哈2009中考39题完形）Acant be found Bcan be found Ccan find解题方法：Happiess与find是被动关系+ when 是状从标志(主情从现)-含有情态动词的被动语态答案：AIf you follow what is mentione