stepbystep3000第二册unit10问题详解

1、实用标准Unit 10Part I warming upAFirstof all, locatethegate at the bottom of thepage. When you walk into the compound, the firstbuildingonyourrightistheOut-PatientDepartment(2),thefirstonyourleftistheEmergency Department (1).Ifyou want togo tothePhysicians Department, take the first turn on theleftand w

2、alk straightahead. Youllsee a fountainspring.Pass by itand walk in the same direction,youll see the Physician Department (5). If youwant to get your blood tested in the Laboratory,walk straight along the Main Road until you reacha roundabout. Turn left from the roundabout andwalk a few minutes. Take

3、 the right turn and thefirstbuildingcomingintoyoursightistheLaboratory(8).Anotherbuildingon theX-rayDepartment(9).Ifyouturnleftfromtheroundabout and walk ahead until you reach the endof theroad,you will see theEye,Ear, and ThroatDepartment(6).The buildingnexttoit tothenorth文档大全实用标准is theDentalDepart

4、ment(7). If you want tovisityour relativesor friendswho are hospitalized,yougot the Ward, which isnot difficultto find.Takethe right turnfrom theroundaboutand a smalllakewill come into your view. The winding road alongthe lake will lead you to the Ward (11). If you gopast the roundabout and walk alo

5、ng the Main Roadfor afew minutes, you willsee a building onyourright. Thats the Administrative Building (10).Well,where do we getthemedicines?From theDispensary (4). That s the building facing the Out-Patient Department on the north side of theroad. Another building on the north side of the road is

6、the Surgery Department(3).B:2 teaspoonfuls, not exceed 15 teaspoonfuls per day.Half of the adult dosage, not exceed 7 teaspoonfuls per dayDrowsiness文档大全实用标准Exceed recommended dosageChildren under 6Individuals with high blood pressure, heart disease, or diabetesDrive or operate machineryDiscontinue u

7、se and consult your physicianChronic coughRemember to check the dosage before you take thismedicine.Adultstwelve years oldand overtaketwoteaspoonfuls,butdonotexceedfifteenteaspoonfuls per day. Children six years old totwelve take half of the adult dosage, but do notexceed seven teaspoonfuls per day.

8、And here are the warningsyou should keep in mind.Do notexceedtherecommended dosageunlessdirectedby aphysician.Donot administertochildrenunder six years old ortoindividualswith文档大全实用标准high blood pressure, heart disease, or diabetes.Thispreparationmany cause drowsiness.Do notdriveoroperatemachinerywhi

9、letakingthismedication. Chroniccough is dangerous.Ifreliefdoes not occur within three days, discontinue useand consult your physician.C:Reducing risk of developing lung cancerWalkinggood effect on heartHealth problemsFresh, natural foodLife-enhancing and life-elongatingA healthier being.Tea contains

10、 natural chemicals. These chemicalsblock the actionof some substances produced in thebodies that cause cancer. Tea contains the samesubstances in fruitsand vegetables. Drinkingteacould protect peoples health.Cigarette smokers of any age reduce their risk of文档大全实用标准developing lung cancer when they st

11、op smoking. It is never too late to stop smoking.Walking has a good effect on the heart because it reduces blood pressure, blood sugar and blood cholesterol level. It is never too late to start exercising.Vitamins are necessary for good health. However, extremely large amounts of some vitamins may c

12、ause health problems. It is far better to get vitaminsfrom eating fresh, natural food than from taking vitamin pillsLaughter is one of the most wonderful release. It releases the chemical that is life-enhancing and life-elongating. It heals wounds and promotes a healthier being.D:They have found tha

13、t fatness can spread form person to person in social groups.A friend / a 57% increased chance文档大全实用标准up to 4% of adults andup to 8% of young childrenThey can result in trouble breathing and in some cases death.extreme heatThe nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperat

14、ure and this causes great stress on the human body文档大全实用标准to rest for a short period in the middle of the day One study found that persons who sleep fro a few minutes during the day were less likely to die of heart disease.Researchers say they have found that fatness canspread from person to person

15、insocialgroups.Whenone person gains weight, close friends often gainweight,too.The study was publishedlastmonth inthe New England Journal of Medicine. The studyshowedthatwhen apersonbecomesseverelyoverweight, there is a 57% increased chance thatone of their friends will be, too. A sister orbrotherof

16、the overweightpersonhas a40%increased chance of becoming fat. The increasedrisk for a wife or husband is a little less thanthat.2. in the United States, experts estimate that upto 4%ofadults and up to8%ofyoung childrenhavefood allergies. Every year these allergies cause文档大全实用标准about 30，000 cases of

17、anaphylaxis,a sever reactionthat requires immediate treatment. It can resultin trouble breathing and in some cases death. TheNationalInstituteofAllergyandInfectiousDiseases say 100 to 200 people die. It says most of the reactions resulted from peanuts and tree nuts such as walnuts.3. floods, storms

18、and other natural events kill thousands of people every year. So does extremeheat. Experts say heat may be natures deadliestkiller.Recently,extremeheatwas blamed forkilling more than 100 people in India. Daytime temperatures rose to more than 45 degrees Celsius in some areas. On June eleventh, the t

19、emperaturein onedesert town hit51 degrees. Experts say thetotalheat of ahot day or severaldays can affecthealth. Several hot days are considered a heat wave. Experts say heat waves often become dangerous when the nighttime temperature does not drop much formthe highest daytime temperature. This caus

20、es great stress on the human body.4. medical experts say most Americans do not get文档大全实用标准enough sleep.They say more Americans need to restfor a short period in the middle of the day. Theyareadvisingpeopletosleeplightlybeforecontinuingwithotheractivities.Onestudyearlierthisyear foundthat personswho

21、sleep fora few minutes during the day were less likely todieofheartdisease. The study followed more than23,000 Greek adultsforabout 6 years.Adultss whorestedfor half an hour atleastthreetimesa weekhad a 37% lower risk of dying form heart diseasethan those who did not nap.Part IIB67% of Americans que

22、stionedWash their hands after using a public restroom Reducing the spread of infectious diseasesColds, influenza,throat andear infections,foodpoisoning, cholera, hepatitisA public information campaign文档大全实用标准Soap and hot water for at least 15 seconds.听力原文：Healthexpertssay washing your hands reduces

23、thespread of viruses and other organisms that causedisease.Thisadvicemay sound simple.Howeverexperts say a lot of people do not follow it.A recentstudy found thatmany Americans failtowash their hands after using public toilets. More than 95% of Americans questioned said they alwayswash theirhands af

24、terusingpublicrestrooms.However, the study found thatonly 67% of themactuallydo so. The study also found thatAmericanmen are lesslikelythan womento wash theirhandsafter suing a public restroom.TheAmerican SocietyforMicrobiologyannouncedthe findings. Judy Daly works for the group. Sheadmitsthathand w

25、ashingmay seem an unusualsubject to study. But she says hand washing is a文档大全实用标准very seriousissue.Experts say hand washing isthesimplestand mosteffectivewaytoreducethespread of infectious diseases.Infectionscan spreadby touchingsurfacesthathave harmfulorganisms on them. Shaking hands withanotherper

26、son alsocan spreadinfection.Harmfulbacteriamay enter your body ifyou touch your mouth,nose or eyes.Among the most common infections spread by handare colds,influenza,and throatand ear infections .In addition,millionsoffoodpoisoningcases eachyear are blamed on people who prepare food who donot wash t

27、heir hands. More serious diseases likecholera and hepatitisare spread this way, too.Many patientsin hospitalsalsogetinfections.Somediefrom them. The spreadofinfectionsoftenis blamed on health workers who do not wash theirhands after treating patients.TheAmericanSocietyofMicrobiologyhaslauncheda publ

28、icinformationcampaign togetmorepeople to wash their hands. Experts say followingthe correct method is important.You should wash文档大全实用标准your hands with soap and hot water for at least 15 seconds.ModificationPart IIIA1. the lung, breast, liver, mouth2. a. smokingb. alcohol usee. physical inactivityg.

29、indoor smokeh. injections I unsafe sex.B1. 2.5 million / 9 factors that people can control3. 1/3/unhealthylifestyleandenvironmental exposures 5. twice文档大全实用标准6. preventable cancers.1.lifestyleandenvironmentalmodification2.risk factor reduction听力原文U. S. , Australasian, andNewZealandscientistsreportin

30、thejournalLancetthatninefactorsthat people and societiescancontrolcausenearly2.5millioncancercases文档大全实用标准each year. That is about 1/3 of the seven million annual global total.These include caners of the lung, breast, bladder,cervix, liver, pancreas, mouth and digestive tract.Leading the list of cau

31、ses is smoking, which the researchers say is responsible for 20% ofpreventablecancers.Alcohols use and low consumption of fruits and vegetable cause another 5%文档大全实用标准each. Also significant areoverweightandobesity,physicalinactivity,urbanairpollution,indoorsmokefromhouseholdcooking,contaminatedinjec

32、tionsinhealthclinics, and unsafe sex.Oneofthestudy sco-authors,HarvardUniversitypublichealthresearcherMajidEzzati,saysthestatisticsreflectdataoncancerdeaths in 2001. He expects文档大全实用标准anincreaseintheproportionofdeathfromthese risk factors.“The estimates that we have are looking at what happens today

33、 as a result of past exposure. So one-third of cancer deaths today would have beenavoidedhad theselifestyleand environmentalexposures not been present.Ifwe were tospeculateabout the future, we could actually say more thanone in every three cancer deaths could be avoidedbecause things such as smoking

34、 actually have beengoing up in many countries in the world, so weactuallyhavent seen thefulleffectsofit yet. ”The new studyfinds thatdevelopingcountrieshadmore than twice as many preventable cancer deathsas richnations.Among the developingregions,Eastern Europe and Central Asia had the highestpropor

35、tion of cancer deaths attributable to thenine risk factors- 39 percent compared to theglobalaverageof35 percent.Furthermore,Mr.Ezzati says twice as many men as women died from文档大全实用标准such cancers.Mr.Ezzatiandhiscolleaguessaythatthebestoption forreducingtheincreasingglobalburden ofcanceris throughlif

36、estyleandenvironmentalmodificationsbecausemedicalscienceisnotclosetocontrollingit.Despite the drive to seek cancer cures, they point out that advances in treatment have not been as文档大全实用标准effectiveasforotherchronicdiseases,andeffectivescreeningmethods are available foronly a few cancers.“There is a

37、huge amount of resources going into the war on cancer and to biomedicaltechnologies.Itis certainlynot matched by equivalentresearchand application of risk factor reduction. So Ithink should be a reminder of how large the roleof prevention can be for reducing cancer deaths.”Part D1 42doctors,dieticia

38、ns,pharmacists文档大全实用标准2 24 hours a day, seven days a week3 Clearing house4 Free1. board-certified doctors2. 24 hours a day, seven days a week3. practice medicine4. $50 per visitIs there a doctor in the house? The answer isalways yes if you have a computer and a modern at文档大全实用标准home.Did you forget to ask your doctor an importantquestionon your lastv