【高考卷】2019年全国卷Ⅰ英语试卷及答案

1、120 佃年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷 I）第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where does this conv ersati on take place?A. In a classroom.B. In a hospital.C. In amuseum.2. What does Jack want to do?A. Take fitness classes.B. Buy a pair of gym shoes.C.Change his work schedule.3. W

2、hat are the speakers talk ing about?A. What to drink.B. Where to meet.C. When toleave.4. What is the relatio nship betwee n the speakers?A. Colleagues.B. Classmates.C. Stra ngers.5. Why is Emily men ti oned in the conv ersati on?A. She might want a ticket. B. She is look ing for the man. C. She has

3、anextra ticket.第二节（共 15 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。26.How long did James run his bus in ess37.How does the woma n feel about James situatio?A. Embarrassed.B. Concerned.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。8.What has Kates mother decided to doA. Retur n to school. B. Change he

4、r job.work.9.What did Kates mother study at collegeA. Oil pai ntin g.B. Art history.admi nistratio n.10. What is Kates attitude toward her mothers decisi on?A. Disappro ving.B. Ambiguous.C.Un dersta nding.听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。11. What is the man doing?A. Chairing a meeting.B. Hosting a radio progr

5、am. C.Con duct ing a job in terview.12. What ben efits Mary most in her job?A. Her wide read ing. B. Her leaders guida nee.C.Herfrien ds help13. Who will Mary talk about next ?A.10 years.B.13years.C.15 years.C. Disappo inted.C. Retire fromC.Busin ess4听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。14. Why does the man seldo

6、m do exercis?A. He lacks motivation.B. He has a heart problem.C. He works all the time.15. What does Jacob Sattelmair probably doA. Hes an athlete. B. Hes a researcher. C. Hes a jour nalist.16. Why does the woma n speak of a studyA. To en courage the man. B. To recomme nd an exercise. C. To supporth

7、er findin gs.17. How much time will the man probably spe nd exercis ing weeklyA.300 min utes.B.150 mi nu te.C.75 mi nu tes.听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。a18. What did the scie ntists do to the roadA. They repaired it.B. They pain ted it.C. Theyblocked it19. Why are young birds draw n to the road surfaceA.

8、 Its warm.B. Its brow n.C. Its smooth.20. What is the purpose of the scie ntists experimentA. To keep the birds there for a whole year.B. To help stude ntsstudy the birds well.C. To preve nt the birds from being killed.A.HerB. Her fatherC. Her mother.5第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分

9、）ANeed a Job This Summer?The provin cial gover nment and its part ners offer many programs tohelp stude nts find summer jobs. The deadli nes and what you n eed toapply depe nd on the program.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn aboutprograms and on li ne tools available to help peopl

10、e un der 30 build skills,find a job or start bus in esses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you couldbe eligible （符合条件）for this program. Which provides eight weeks ofpaid employme nt along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old

11、in select communities（社 区） .Summer CompanySummer Compa ny provides stude nts with han ds-on bus in ess training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer bus inesses.Who is eligible: Stude nts aged 15-29, returni ng to school in the fall.6Stewardship Y）uth Ranger ProgramYou could

12、apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ran ger and work on7local n atural resource man ageme nt projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 beforeDecember 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities （机会）Through the Summer Employme nt Opp

13、ort un ities program, stude nts are hiredeach year in a variety of summer positi ons across the Provin cial Public Service, itsrelated age ncies and com munity groups.Who is eligible: Stude nts aged 15 or older. Some positi ons require stude nts to be15 to 24 or up to 29 for pers ons with a disabili

14、ty.21. What is special about Summer Compa ny?A. It requires no trai ning before employme nt.B. It provides awards for running new bus in esses.C. It allows one to work in the n atural en vir onment.D. It offers more summer job opport un ities.22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth R

15、an ger Program?A.15-18.B.15-24.C.15-29.D.16-17.23. Which program favors the disabled?A. Jobs for Youth.B. Summer Compa ny.C. Stewardship Y outh Ran ger Program.D. SummerEmployme nt Opport un ities.For Canaan Ebmentary s second grade in Patchogue, ,Y0day is8speech day ,and right now its Chris Palaez

16、-yeaar-tUdiisTthe 8joker of the class. With shi ning dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoypublic speaki ng.But he s,ervous. “Iherm to tell you today why you should should ” Chrtrips on the -Id, ” aronunciation difficulty for many non-n ative En glishspeakers. His teacher ,Thomas W

17、haley ,is n ext to him, whispering support.“Vftte me ” Exceptor some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When hebrings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over threeyears ago. Whaley reca

18、lls （回想起）how at the beginning of the year, when called uponto read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.Lear ning En glish as a sec ond Ian guage can be a painful experie nee.What you n eed is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.“Ittalot for any student, ” Whaley explains “ esped

19、ly for a student who is learning En glishas their new Ian guage to feel con fide nt eno ugh to sayI don t knowt I want to know. ”Whaley got the idea of this sec on d-grade preside ntial campaig nproject when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if theythought they could n ever be a pre

20、side nt. The an swer broke his heart.9Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. Hewants these kids to learn to boast （夸耀）about themselves.“ Boasting about yourselfand your best qualities,” Wh,leyisaysvery diff icult for a child who came in to the classroom

21、 not feeli ngcon fide nt.”24. What made Chris n ervousA. Telli ng a story.B. Maki ng a speech.C. Taking a test.D. An swer ing a questi on.25. What does theunderlined word “ stumbles ” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Improper pauses. B. Bad mann ers. C. Spelli ng mistakes. D.Silly jokes.26. We can infer t

22、hat the purpose of Whaley s project is to_A. help students see their own strengthsB. assess stdents publicspeaki ng skillsC. prepare stude nts for their future jobs D. i nspire stude nts love for politics27. Which of the follow ing best describes Whaley as a teacher?A. Humorous.B. Ambitious. C. Cari

23、ng. D.Dema nding.As data and ide ntity theft becomes more and more com mon, the market is grow ingfor biometric （生物测量）tech no logies like fingerprint scanto keep others out ofprivate e-spaces. At present, these tech no logies are still expe nsive, though.10Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they

24、 have come up with a low-cost device（装置）that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard preciselymeasures the cade nee 节奏）with which one types and the pressure fin gers apply toeach key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like theforce of a u

25、sers typing and the time betwee n key presses. These patter ns are unique toeach pers on. Thus, the keyboard can determ ine peoples ide ntities, and by exte nsion,whether they should be give n accessto the computer its conn ected to regardless ofwhether some one gets the password right.It also does

26、nt require a new type of tech no logy that people arent already familiarwith. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differe ntly.In a study describ ing the tech no logy, the researchers had 100 volunteers type theword “ touch ” ftiures using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device

27、 could beused to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low errorrates. The researcherssay that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward tocommercialize and is mostly made of i nexpe nsive, plastic-like parts. The11team hopes to make it to market in the n ear future

28、.28. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?A. To reduce pressure on keys.B. To improve accuracyin typingC. To replace the password system.D. To cut the cost ofe-space protecti on.29. What makes the inven ti on of the smart keyboard possib?A. Computers are much easier to operate.B. Fin ge

29、rpri nt sca nningtech niq ues develop fast.C. Typing patter ns vary from pers on to pers on.D. Data securitymeasures are guara nteed.30. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboardA. Itll be environment-friendly.soon.C. Itll be made of plastics.typi ng.31. Where is this text most likely fro

30、m?A. A diary.B.A guidebookmagaz ine.DB. Itll reach consumersD. Itll help speed upC. A novel.D. A12During the rosy years of elementary school 小、学）,I enjoyed sharing my dolls andjokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the quee n of the playground. Then came my twee ns and tee ns,

31、and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in theranks not by being frien dly but by smok ing cigarettes, break ing rules and play ing jokeson others, among whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. MitchPr in ste in, a professor of cli nical psychology sorts

32、the popular in to two categories: thelikable and the status seekers. The likables plays-well-with-others qualities strengthenschoolyard friendships, jump-start in terpers onal skills and, whe n tapped early, areemployed ever after in life and work. Then there s the kind of popularity that appearsina

33、dolesce nee: status born of power and eve n disho no rable behavior.En viable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prin ste in studiesshow un pleasa nt con seque nces. Those who were highest in status in high school, aswell as those least liked in elementary school, are “ most likely to engage （从事）

34、indangerous and risky behavior.”In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in235 adolesce nts, scori ng the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status basedon student surveys（调查研究）.“ We found th the leastwell-liked tee ns had become more aggressive over time toward t

35、heir classmates. But sohad those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead tohealthy adjustme nt, high status has just the opposite effect on us.13Dr. Prin ste in has also found that the qualities that made the n eighbors want you ona play date-shari ng, kindn ess, op

36、e nnes carry over to later years and make you betterable to relate and conn ect with others.In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another con clusi on: Noton ly is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for thoseoutcomes, too. Being liked create

37、s opport un ities for lear ning and for new kinds of lifeexperie nces that help somebody gain anadvantage, ” he said.32. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?A. Unkind.B. Lon ely.C. Gen erous.D.Cool.33. What is the sec ond paragraph main ly abo?A. The classificati

38、 on of the popular.B. The characteristicsof adolesce nts.C. The importanee of interpersonal skills. D. The causes of dish ono rable behavior.34. What did Dr. Prinstein s study find about the most liked kids?A. They appeared to be aggressive.B. They tended to bemore adaptable.C. They enjoyed the high

39、est status.D. They performed well academically.35. What is the best title for the text?A. Be Nice-You Won t Finish Last B. The Higher the Status, the BetterC. Be the Best -You Can Make ItD. More Self-Co ntrol, Less14Aggressive ness第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。I

40、s Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to“ go out and get some freshair. ” 36According to recent studies the answer is a big YES if the air quality inyour camp ing area is good.re breathing -whfehrit would beif you reiway from the smog of cities-then the air is filled

41、with life-giving，energizingoxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles （肌肉）and your bra in.Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural worldand healing （治愈）.38 In these places patientsca

42、n go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green,growing things can reduce stresslower blood pressure， and put people into a bettermood （情绪）.Greenery is good for us.Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a fasterrate tha

43、 n patie nts who see buildi ngs or sky in stead. 39It gives us a great feeling ofpeace.40 While the suns rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is ben eficialVitamin D. To make sure you get eno ugh Vitamin Dbut still protect your skin put37 If the air you15on sun scree n right as you head ou

44、tside. It takes sun scree n about fiftee n minu tes tostart worki ng, and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D.A. Fresh air clea ns our lun gs.B. So what are you wait ing for?C. Being in n ature refreshes us.D. Ano ther side ben efit of gett ing fresh air is sun lig

45、ht.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.G.All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Heali ng Garde ns.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）Every year about 40,000 peop

46、le attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest moun tain in Africa. They41 with them lots of waste. The42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers （冰川） are disappeari ng, changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro.16Hearing these stories, I m 44 about the place other destinations are describedas“ purer

47、” natural experiences.However, I soon 45 that much has cha nged since the days of disturbing reports of46 among tons of rubbish. I find a _47 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths.The environmental challe nges are 48 but the efforts made by the Tanzania Nati onalPark Authority seem to

48、be 49.The best of a Kilimanjaro 50, in my opinion, isn t reaching thetop. Mountains are 51 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 52_ is especially evidenton Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems（生态系统）in the space of a fewkilometers. At the base is a rain forest. It ends abruptly at 3, 00

49、0 meters, 54 lands of lowgrow ing pla nts. Further up, the weather 55 low clouds env elopethe mountain sides, which are covered with thick grass. I 56 twelve shades of gree n fromwhere I sta nd. Above 4, 000 meters is the highla nd 57_: gravel （砾石），stones and rocks.58 you climb in to an arctic-like

50、zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soondisappear.Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of touristsruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.41.A. keepB. mixC. conn ectD. bring1742. A. storiesB. buildi ngsC. crowdsD.reporters43. A. positio

51、nB. ageC. faceD. n ame44. A. sile ntB. skepticalC. seriousD.crazy45. A. discoverB. argueC. decideD.advocate46. A. equipme ntB. grassC. campsD. stones47. A. remoteB. quietC. tallD. clea n48. A. newB. specialC. sig ni fica ntD. inecessary49. A. payi ng offB. spread ing outC. blow ing upD.fadi ng away5

52、0. A. atmosphereB. experieneeC. experimentD.sight51. A. studiedB. observedC. exploredD.regarded52. A. viewB. qualityC. reas onD.purpose53. A. scie ntistsB. climbersC. localsD.officials54. A. hold ing on toB. going back toC. livi ng up toD.giving way to18阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正 确形式。The polar b

53、ear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses asfar south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88 ,there is evidenee 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as JamesBay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global populati on of polar bearsas much of

54、the range has bee n 62 (poor) studied; however, biologistscalculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modern methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employedonly since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 64 (perform)55. A. cha ngesB.clearC. improvesD.56. A. matchaddB.

55、 imagi ne57. A. villageB. desert58. A. ObviouslyB. Easily59. A. perma nentB. littleartificial60. A. enjoyB. deserveacquire第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.C. countD.C. roadD. lakeC. Con seque ntlyD. FinallyC. freshD.C.saveD.，满分 15 分）permits19consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people inNun a

56、yut 65 （report） in creases in bear sighti ngs around huma nsettlements, leading to a 66 （believe） that populations are in creas ing.Scie ntists have resp on ded by67 （no te） that hungrybears may be con gregat in g（聚集）around huma n settleme nts,lead ingto the illusion （错觉） that populations are 68（high）than they actually are.Of 69nin etee n recog n