2018人教版必修一unit 1 friendship reading课时作业2

1、Unit 1 friendship reading课时作业.单项填空(建议用时8)1The 18th and 19th centuries _ the widespread use of electricity and the birth of the steam engine.AmadeBprovedCsparedDwitnessed解析：句意为：18、19世纪见证了电的广泛传播和蒸汽引擎的诞生。some time witness sth.某时见证某事，所以选择D。答案：D2A policeman put some chemicals on the piece of paper，and a

2、line of words _.Agave upBshowed upCmade up Dstayed up解析：考查动词短语辨析。give up放弃；show up出现；make up弥补，化妆，编造；stay up熬夜。句意为：一个警察在纸上放了些化学药品，一行字就出现了。所以选B。答案：B3There are some health problems that，when _ in time，can become bigger ones later on.Anot treated Bnot being treatedCnot to be treated Dnot having been tr

3、eated解析：句意为：有些健康问题，如果不及时处理，以后会变得更严重。when not treated in time为插入语，在本句中为时间状语从句，把that can become bigger ones later on这个定语从句给隔开了。when引导时间状语从句时，可以出现省略的现象，但必须满足两个条件：首先，时间状语从句中的主语必须和主句主语一致；其次，从句中含有be动词。本句中补充完整的状语从句为：when they are not treated in time，其他选项形式不对。故答案为A项。答案：A4_ on this report，the English governm

4、ent decided to ask Captain James Cook to go and look for this new continent.AHaving based BBasingCBased DTo be based解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：基于这份报告，英国政府决定让詹姆斯库克船长去寻找这个新大陆。be based on基于，所以选择C。答案：C5We all can go out for a picnic this afternoon _ that the others agree.Ato assume BassumedCassume Dassuming解析：assum

5、ing (that).假定。类似表达有：providing/supposing that.。故选D。答案：D6Scientists are convinced _ the positive effect of laughter _ physical and mental health.Aof；at Bby；inCof；on Don；at解析：句意为：科学家们坚信笑对身心健康有积极影响。be convinced of坚信，深信；effect常与on连用，意为“对的影响”。以上两个均属于固定搭配。所以选C。答案：C7After the traffic accident，no one _ excep

6、t a few people who were badly injured.Asurvive BsurvivedCwas survived Dwas surviving解析：从句意分析可知，此处survive应表示“幸存”的意思，是不及物动词，不能用被动语态；由were可知用过去时态。所以选B。答案：B8That money is _ to me，but I havent got it yet.Acertain BdueCbelong Dowe解析：be due to sb.应支付给某人，是固定搭配；C、D两项形式不对。所以选B。答案：B9Caroline doesnt have a gift

7、 for music，but she _ it with hard work.Agoes back on Btakes away fromCmakes up for Dcatches up with解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：卡罗琳虽然没有音乐方面的天赋，但是她用刻苦努力来弥补它。go back on背叛，背弃；take away from拿走，带走；make up for弥补；catch up with赶上，追上。由句中的关键信息“doesnt have a gift for music”以及并列连词but可知，她是用刻苦努力来“弥补(make up for)”没有音乐天赋这件事。答案：

8、C10Would you please _ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?Alook around Blook intoClook up Dlook through解析：look around/round环顾，四下察看；look into调查，向里面看；look up查阅，抬头往上看；look through快速查看，浏览。由后面的“and see if there are any obvious mistakes”可知，空格处应表示“快速看一下”，所以选D。答案：D11What do you think

9、of his newly­published book?Its the best one he _，but thats not saying much.Awrote Bis writingChas written Dwill write解析：句意为：你觉得他新出版的书怎么样？这是他写过的最好的书，但这并不能说明多少问题。根据语境可知，“he _”是定语从句修饰先行词the best one，这里是过去的事对现在的影响，应该用现在完成时has written，故选C。答案：C12AIDS is said _ the biggest health challenge to both me

10、n and women in that area over the past few years.Athat it is Bto beCthat it has been Dto have been解析：It is said that从句可转为Sb./Sth.be said to do/to be doing/to have done的形式。由此可排除A、C两项；由句子中的时间状语“over the past few years”可知要用完成时，所以排除B项，选D项。答案：D13Why did he have to leave school?He happened to _ a laptop c

11、omputer from the school lab.Abe seen to steal Bbe seen stealingCbe caught to steal Dcatch stealing解析：句意为：他为何被迫离校？他从学校实验室偷一台笔记本电脑时，碰巧被人看到了。be seen doing sth.被看到正在做某事，故选B项。答案：B14_ good books，the point is not to see how many of them you can get through，but rather how many can get through to you.AIn the

12、 event of BIn the case ofCOn account of DOn top of解析：句意为：关于好书，关键不是你读完多少，而是你能理解多少。in the event of如果，倘若；in the case of至于，关于；on account of由于，因为；on top of在之上。答案：B15I still havent made any progress in writing an English essay._.How can you expect to write a passage when you dont understand the words?ALea

13、rn to walk before you runBPractice makes perfectCDont put the cart before the horseDLearn to fish but not just ask for fish解析：考查交际用语。Learn to walk before you run.意为“先学走，再学跑；循序渐进。”由答语“How can you expect to write a passage when you dont understand the words？”可知选A。答案：A.完形填空(建议用时17)The most famous anima

14、l said to be capable of counting was a horse in Germany at the beginning of the 19th century called Clever Hans.The horses owner _16_ that animals could think and reason as we can and that this _17_ could come from training them.He trained Clever Hans to give the _18_ to arithmetic (算术的) problems；th

15、e horse gave the correct answer by _19_ the right number of times with its forefoot.The animal gave the correct answers not only to additions but to other arithmetic，too.It also gave the right answers when the questions were shown to it on a card.This _20_ was talked about so much that scientists st

16、udied the horses _21_.The committee，after a(n) _22_ study，found that Clever Hanss owner and trainer was _23_.He had not deliberately trained his horse to stop tapping by giving it a slight _24_.Members of the committee got the right answer from Hans _25_ when the owner wasnt there，_26_ that this typ

17、e of trickery (诡计) hadnt happened.It looked as if the horse really could think and _27_.But soon after this another scientist found that if the horse was asked questions to which none of the people there knew the answers，then the animal _28_ gave a correct answer.The questions were asked by showing

18、the horse a card that the questioner himself had not _29_.This biologist soon discovered that the horse had actually _30_ to very slight unconscious (下意识的) movements of head or body made by a questioner who knew the _31_ number of taps.He counted the taps to himself，and when the horse got to the rig

19、ht number，the questioners tension (紧张感) was _32_ by a small，unconscious movement of his head or body.The horse then _33_ tapping.Questioners who didnt know the answer didnt do this.The horse had really _34_ itself to answer these very small _35_ during its training.语篇解读本文属于记叙文，写了一匹能思考的马，很多科学家不相信，后来经

20、过多方证实说明动物可以思考。16A.rememberedBbelievedCexpected Ddoubted解析：根据下文“He trained Clever Hans to give the _ to arithmetic(算术的) problems”可知，马的主人相信(believe)动物可以思考。故选B。答案：B17A.ability BknowledgeCmethod Dchance解析：句意为：他认为这种能力是可以被训练出来的。ability能力。故选A。答案：A18A.answers BinformationCexplanations Dfacts解析：根据下文“the hors

21、e gave the correct answer”可知，这里指让Hans回答(answer)算数题。故选A。答案：A19A.jumping BdroppingCmoving Dtapping解析：根据下文“with its forefoot”和“stop tapping”可知，Hans是用它的蹄子轻踏出(tap)正确的答案。故选D。答案：D20A.problem BcaseCprogram Dmodel解析：根据上文可知，这里介绍一只马可以计算的案例(case)。故选B。答案：B21A.interests BhobbiesCability Dhabits解析：句意为：科学家研究马的能力。ab

22、ility能力。故选C。答案：C22A.simple BcarefulCgeneral Dextra解析：句意为：科学家们进行仔细地研究以后，发现马的主人和训练者是诚实的。careful仔细的。故选B。答案：B23A.independent BcreativeChonest Dpatient解析：根据下文“He had not deliberately trained his horse to stop tapping by giving it a slight _.”可知，这里指马的训练者是诚实的(honest)，故选C。答案：C24A.praise BtrustChint Dattenti

23、on解析：根据上文中说马的主人是诚实的可知，此处应指他没有给马暗示(hint)。故选C。答案：C25A.even BnearlyCstill Donly解析：句意为：甚至在主人不在的时候协会的成员也从Hans那里得到了正确答案。表示递进关系，用even甚至。故选A。答案：A26A.knowing BconsideringCproving Dpretending解析：根据上文的“Members of the committee got the right answer from Hans _ when the owner wasnt there”可知，这证明(prove)这里面没有诡计。故选C。

24、答案：C27A.work BcountCplay Dargue解析：根据文章第一句中的“be capable of counting”可知，此处指这匹马确实会思考和数数(count)。故选B。答案：B28A.ever BsometimesCalways Dnever解析：根据上文中的“But”可知，上下文为转折关系，所以此处指如果问这匹马一些在场者也不知道答案的题，它就无法给出正确答案。never从不。故选D。答案：D29A.designed BansweredCimproved Dread解析：句意为：问题写在给马的一张卡片上，而提问者自己也没有读过卡片。read阅读。故选D。答案：D30A

25、.compared BreturnedCcomplained Dresponded解析：句意为：生物学家很快发现马是通过提问者下意识的动作来回答问题的。respond回复。故选D。答案：D31A.correct BvariousCstrange Ddirect解析：句意为：马是通过那些知道正确数量的提问者下意识的动作来回答问题的。correct正确的。故选A。答案：A32A.ignored BcheckedCoffered Dshown解析：句意为：提问者通过一个小的、无意识的头部或身体动作表现出(show)紧张感。故选D。答案：D33A.practiced BcontinuedCbegan

26、Dstopped解析：根据上文可知，马数到正确的数字时，回答者会表现出紧张感，于是马就不再数了。stop停止。故选D。答案：D34A.permitted BregrettedCtaught Dforced解析：句意为：马靠自学来回应这些小的动作。teach oneself自学。故选C。答案：C35A.tricks BmovementsCquestions Dinstructions解析：根据上文“a small，unconscious movement”可知，马是回应这样的小动作(movement)。故选B。答案：B.阅读理解(建议用时10)A strange army of giants s

27、tands around the edges of a remote island in the Pacific Ocean.Or at least thats how it might appear.The figures lining Easter Island are actually huge stones carved to look like hulking (笨重的) human figures.The statues have “guarded” these coasts for centuries.But not even the islanders are sure how

28、 they got there.Join scientific detectives as they investigate this historical mystery.The MysteryNearly a thousand giant stone figures stand side by side on Easter Island，now a part of Chile.Called moai (MOH­eye) by the locals，the statues can weigh more than 80 tons about as much as ten whales

29、 and some stand as tall as a three­story building.Scientists think islanders began creating the moai some 800 years ago to honor their ancestors.In land，scientists found a volcanic crater (火山口) and dug out ancient tools there used to carve figures from the volcanic rock.But the crater is far fr

30、om where most of the statues now stand.And scientists know the people didnt have wheels or animals to move the rock giants.So how did the stone figures travel as far as 11 miles from the crater to the islands coasts? Some ideas are pretty wild people have suggested that the moai walked by themselves

31、，or even that space aliens beamed down to lend a hand.Scientists struggled to Easter Island to find out the truth.The Detectives“Heave­ho！” cry a group of scientists as they pull on ropes tied to a huge statue.The investigators are seeking clues about the moai in one of Easter Islands green val

32、leys.Wondering if the islanders could have transported the statues upright with just rope and muscle power，they wrapped three strong ropes around the forehead of a ten­foot­tall moai copy.With several people pulling each rope，theyre able to rock the 10,000­pound figure side to side，mo

33、ving it forward with every tug (拖拽)“The statues shape makes this movement fairly easy，” team leader Carl Lipo says.In the past，researchers have tried other moving methods.One group tied rope to the top and base of an actual moai and attempted to drag it forward with twisting motions.Another team lai

34、d a real 13­foot moai onto a giant log and pulled the log forward.All the experiments shared one result: The investigators got serious pain!The EvidenceAlthough various scientific sleuths (侦查) found ways to move the moai，researchers still dont agree on what really happened.Some of these techniq

35、ues might have only worked over short distances and on flat land.Others would have damaged the moai.Many people think the statues were laid horizontally on wooden sleds which were dragged with rope across log tracks.“This would have been the safest way to move the moai，” archaeologist Jo Anne Van Ti

36、lburg says.“It explains why hardly any are damaged.”But the truth may never be revealed.(Experts are pretty sure，though，that aliens werent involved.) After all，the islanders stopped making the statues at least 300 years ago，later hundreds of islanders left the island or caught deadly diseases brought by explorers.Many of the moais secrets disappeared with them.Today the only rem