担任管子所有焊接工作的焊工(或焊接操作工)必须根据AS

1、5 焊接 Welding5.1 担任管子所有焊接工作的焊工（或焊接操作工）必须根据ASME规范第卷和QCMAI第7章的要求进行技能评定和确认，在有效合格范围内担任焊接工作。All welders (welding operators) who weld the tube shall be qualified according to the provisions of ASME Code, Section and Chapter 7 of QCMAI and only do these welding jobs for which they have passed the qualificat

2、ion examination and within the term of its validity.5.2 焊工（或焊接操作工）必须按焊接工艺规程的规定进行施焊，焊接工作完成后（包括检查试件焊缝），除点焊、临时焊或母材修补焊外，焊工应在焊接接头或修补焊缝的附近按QCMAI第7章规定打上焊工钢印（低应力钢印）。Welder (or welding operators) shall perform the welding operation as per welding procedure specification. After the completion of welding (incl

3、uding welds of test coupons), the identification symbols (low stress stamp) shall be made at welding joints or repair welds by the welder in accordance with the provisions in Chapter 7 of QCMAI except for spot and temporary welding or repair welding of base material.5.3 焊接工艺规程（或焊接工艺文件）必须有相应的焊接工艺评定支持

4、，焊接工艺评定应符合ASME规范第卷和QCMAI第7章的规定。Welding procedure specification (or welding procedure document) shall be based on welding procedure evaluation as per the provisions of ASME Code, Section and Chapter 7 of QCMAI.5.4 焊前准备 Preparation of pre-welding 时，没有预热措施，不得进行焊接。不应在室外进行焊接。When the ambient temperature

5、is lower than 0 and there is no any preheating available, the welding or repair welding shall not be performed for the tube. Out-door welding is not allowed.9.81MPa的蒸汽锅炉，管子或管接头与管道连接时，应在管端或管道上开全焊透型坡口（300mm的长管接头除外）。As for steam boilers with rated steam pressure 9.81MPa or greater, the welds between pi

6、pes or nozzles and piping shall be welded with the full penetration groove beveled on the end of nozzles or on the tube (except for long nozzles more than 300mm). Finished grooves shall conform to the requirements given in the drawing, free from great cracks, slag inclusion, scales, rust, oil, greas

7、e or other foreign materials, which can affect welding quality. The range of cleaning (width) shall not be less than 10mm for manual welding, not less than 20mm for gas shielded welding.When base metal requires preheating, it shall be applied to base metal as per welding procedure specification befo

8、re welding (including defect repair).The electrodes and fluxes shall be dried according to the requirements, and the grease and rust on wires shall be cleaned before welding. 打弧，应将其磨平或焊补磨平，并应符合3.3的规定。Arc strike is performed in welding area and not allowed on the non-welding surface of base metal. If

9、 arc strike occurs on the non-welding surface, the crater shall be ground or repaired in accordance with the provisions specified in 3.3. The requirements of tack welding during assembling are specified as follows:a) 原则上采用与焊接该焊件相同的焊材；The same type of electrode shall be used for the weldment; b) 作为焊缝

10、一部分的定位焊，应与该焊缝的质量要求相同；If the tacked weld becomes a part of the whole weld, its quality requirement shall be the same as that for the welds.c) 需要预热的焊件，定位焊时也应按规定进行预热。Preheating shall also be applied to the tack welding, when the weldment requires preheating. 在装配低合金高强度镍铬钢、镍钼钒钢及s392N/mm2低合金钢焊材时，应尽量避免在坡口内

11、定位焊，并尽量采用机械夹具装配固定。当焊接装配用的拉紧板拆除后，应将遗留的装配焊缝铲平磨光。不应损伤管子外表面，否则，应按3.3处理。When the weldment of low alloy high strength Cr-Ni steel, Co-Mo-V steel and low alloy steels392N/mm2 are assembled, tack welding in the groove should be avoided and the mechanical fixture should be used as much as possible. When the

12、tabs for welding assembly are removed, the remained assembling welds shall be chipped and ground without any harm to the internal and external surfaces of the shells, otherwise it shall be treated as per the provisions in 3.3. 焊件装配和定位焊的质量，经检查符合工艺文件的要求后才允许焊接，其焊接工艺规程（焊接工艺文件）应符合ASME规范第卷和QCMAI第7章的要求。It

13、is not allowed to perform welding until the quality of assembling and tack welds to the weldment has been inspected and proved to meet the requirements of procedure documents. Welding procedure specification (or welding procedure document) shall comply with the requirements specified in Chapter 7 of

14、 QCMAI and ASME Code, Section . 焊接设备和检测仪器应定期进行检查和检定，不符合要求者，不得用于生产。Welding equipment and inspection instruments shall be checked and calibrated at a regular interval and used only when they meet the requirements. 焊前还应包括焊接检查试件的准备，其数量、尺寸、制备法应符合 8 要求。Welding test coupons (test plates), whose quantity, d

15、imension and preparation method shall conform to the requirements given in 8, shall be prepared before welding.5.5 焊接要求Welding requirements 额定蒸汽压力P9.81MPa的锅炉，管道、管子或其他管件的对接接头应采用氩弧焊打底或其它能保证焊透的焊接方法。As for the boilers with rated steam pressure 9.81MPa or greater, argon arc welding or other welding proce

16、ss shall be applied in the root passes for butt joints of piping, tube or other pipe fittings as much as possible to ensure the full penetration of the welds. 管子对接焊缝应能全焊透。为了保证焊接坡口完全填满使焊逢金属表面在任何部位均不低于所连接母材的表面，可在焊缝的每一面上增加焊缝金属作为余高，但任一面上焊缝余高的厚度均不得大于表13的规定。Butt welds shall have complete joint penetration. To assure that the weld grooves are completely filled so that the s