牛津上海版中考英语专题复习-7-形副疑问句话题作文_学案

1、. 学科老师辅导学案 课程主题： 17-7-形副疑问句话题作文 学习目的1.理解形容词和副词的种类以及根本功能。2.形容词和副词的意义及用法比较。3.形容词和副词的比较级及最高级。4.掌握反义疑问句的考点。5.掌握特殊疑问句的构造和特殊疑问词的选择。6.学会对划线的句子进展提问。7.掌握文字提示写作的要点和写作方法。教学内容1.1. 代词宾语从句复习一.形容词和副词【知识梳理】1.形容词的用法形容词的根本功能是修饰名词，在句中可用作定语、表语、主语补足语、宾浯补足语等成分。1作定语 He is a very strong sportsman. Is there anything importa

2、nt at the meeting? 注意：修饰不定代词something，anything，nothing等的形容词需后置。有些形容词只能作定语，如：only，elder，indoor，outdoor等。 Danny, the only child in the family, is spoilt.2作表语 例：The man is alone at home but he doesnt feel lonely. 注意： A.大多数以“a开头的形容词属于表语形容词，只能在句中作表语。 例：Is the baby asleep oe awake？ It is asleep.Its a plea

3、sure to look at a sleeping babys face. B.只能在句中中作表语的形容词还有：表示身体状况的形容词，如：well，unwell，ill；表示心理状态的形容词，如：sorry，sure等。 例：The woman is ill. “她病了不能说：She is an ill woman. C.感官动词用作联络动词，如look，sound，smell，taste，feel后面需接adj.作表语。 例：She doesnt feel well today.She feels ill. 3做宾语补足语 例：Students should keep the readin

4、g-room quiet. 注意：被动语态中，我们称其为主语补足语。 例：The reading-room should be kept quiet by students. 4做状语 例：After a long journey，he returned home，tired and hungry. 注意：形容词作状语多用作伴随状语。 5形容词和介词有固定搭配 例：different from，the same as，far from，close to，be afraid of，be full of，become interested in, be good at, be pleased wi

5、th, be bad for, be harmful to等。 6有些名词加后缀可变成形容词 例：lovely，friendship，crowded，careful，careless，wooden，sunny，windy，rainy。2.形容词的位置形容词在句中的位置 1形容词的位置一般在它所修饰的名词之前。 例：Betty is a lovely girl. This is an exciting film. 2假设“数词+名词+形容词构成复合形容词，仍旧放在它所修饰的名词之前。要注意复合形容词中的名词不能用复数。 例：Its a 200-mile-long river. = Its a r

6、iver 200 miles long. There is a ten-meter-deep well in the village. 3两个或两个以上形容词修饰一个名词时，形容词排列的次序一般应考虑以下两种情况。 A.与被修饰名词关系越亲密的形容词位置越靠近名词。 例：I saw an exciting American film with my parents last week. B.音节少的形容词位置在前，音节多的形容词位置在后。 例：Theres a nice and beautiful garden in front of the house.4表语形容词作后置定语。 例：The

7、baby asleep is Aunt Huangs daughter. There is no fish alive in the polluted river.5修饰something, anything, nothing, anybody等不定代词的形容词后置。 例：Anyone intelligent can do it. Please tell me something important in today's newspaper.6形容词present, possible常作后置定语。 例：All the people present are famous scientis

8、ts. We'll try to solve the difficult problem by all means possible.7形容词与数量词一起构成短语作后置定语。 例：I've got a dictionary three inches thick. =I've got a three-inch-thick dictionary. Hongqiao road is a street fifty miles wide.8形容词短语作定语一般需后置。 例：A man easy to please must be easy to work with. All th

9、ese are matters worthy of attention.4多个形容词作前置定语的顺序1形容词的词序 茌名词前出现几个形容词作定语时，常常涉及词的排列顺序问题。 例：a fat old lady an old fat lady× a small black leather handbag a leather black small handbag×2多个形容词作前置定语的顺序 A.冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词等 B.描绘性形容词又分为：数量、大小、形状、颜色、新旧、年龄 C.分类性表示本质特征的形容词 例：a little nice Swiss gold

10、 watch the first strong big young man a very valuable golden Chinese tiger your nice little red box 注意：同属一类形容词并列时，短词在前，长词在后。 例：It is a vast and beautiful land.3也可以这样记忆：指示代词this/these+数词first/two+表示大小的形容词big/small+表示性质的形容词fine/nice+表示颜色的形容词red/green+表示长幼的形容词old/young+由专有名词转换来的形容词Chinese/American或表示本质

11、特征的形容词 wooden/stone+名诃例：these two big quiet grey old British castles这两座灰色的、古老而宁静的英国大城堡【口诀】形容词排列顺序口诀：The mans first two interesting little red French oil paintings. 把这句话背下来，形容词排列顺序的奥秘就在其中！4形容词的辨析 A.同形的形容词和副词如：close作形容词时意为“亲密的；作副词时意为“接近、靠拢。 B.形式上像副词的形容词如：friendly，lovely，lively实际上是形容词，切不可当作副词使用。 C.形容词的

12、位置不同，意义有区别如：present situation当前的形势；people present在场的人3.副词的位置 副词在句子中的位置一般有以下三种1放句末，假设同时有几个副词作状语，排列为：方式、地点、时间。 例：Henry worked well here yesterday.2放句首，修饰全句或强调副词。 例：Still, in spite of what you say, I don't think it is true.3频度副词、其他表示程度或不确定时间的副词，放在谓语动词之前，be动词、情态动词或第一个助动词之后。如：almost, always, often，us

13、ually，never，ever，just，nearly，quite, hardly, still, already, certainly, really等。 例：He usually goes to bed late at night. She is sometimes late for a meeting.4.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 对两个人或事物进展比较，表示“较或“更一些用比较级。如：He is taller than I. 对三个或三个以上的人或事物进展比较，表示“最时用最高级。如：That was the busiest day in my life.1比较级和最高级的构成：

14、1形容词的比较级、最高级的规那么变化如下表：不规那么变化2副词的比较级和最高级 副词的比较级形式的变化与形容词大致一样，但以后缀-ly结尾的副词需用more和most。副词最高级前的the可省略。如： hard harder hardest fast faster fastest early earlier earliest quickly more quickly most quickly 不规那么变化： well better best badly worse worst much more most2有些形容词和副词无比较级和最高级，这是由他们的词义决定的 如：right，wrong，t

15、rue，false，empty，wooden，monthly，here，now，very等。3形容词和副词表示比较的根本句型1原级常用“as+adj./adv.原级+as构造 例：He is as careful as I. He does his homework as carefully as I.2否认那么用“not asas或“not soas表示 倒：She doesn't speak English so fast as you.3比较级常用“adj. /adv.比较级+than构造表示 例：He is fatter than Jack. He runs more slow

16、ly than Jack. 有时可用much, even, still, far, by far,a lot,a little,a great deal,a bit等来修饰比较级，表示程度。 例：Asia is by far larger than Australia. This building is much taller than that one. This story is even more interesting than that one. 比较级前也可用“数词十名词构成名词短语表示详细的程度。 例：He is two inches taller than his father

17、.4less+ adj.adv原级+than表示“甲不如乙。 例：Tom is less careful than Mary. =Tom is not so careful as Mary.5形容词副词的比较级连用表示“越来越。 例：When spring comes, it gets warmer and warmer. In the last ten minutes, he ran more and more slowly.6"the more, the more表示“越就越。 例：I hope you will come here, the sooner the better.

18、 The harder you work, the more progress you will make.7the+ adj. /adv比较级of+n表示“两者中较的。 例：She is the prettier of the two sisters. This rope is the longer of the two.8 "the+ adj. /adv最高级+n+of in/among比较范围 例：The sun looks the biggest and brightest of all the stars because it is the nearest to us. 最

19、高级可被序数词修饰 例：The Yellow River is the second longest in China. 最高级可以和物主代词连用 例：I think he has done his best. The old man smiled his pleasantest when he learned the good news.9比较级和最高级之间互相转变 例：He is the tallest student in his class可以变成以下同义比较级句子： He is taller than any other student in his class. He is tal

20、ler than any of the other students in his class. He is taller than any of the others in his class. He is taller than all the others in his class. He is taller than anybody else in his class, Nobody else in his class is taller than him. No one else in his class is taller than him.【例题精讲】例1. You look s

21、o_ , Tom. Yes, the journey was _ . Climbing the hill almost killed me.A. tired; tiredB. tiring; tiredC. tired; tiringD. tiring; tiring例2.He was _ nervous and terribly jealous and he covered his nervous jealousy with an ebullient热情的 friendliness.extreme例3.Wendy is _ to guests than Paul.friend【课堂练习】1.

22、To my surprise, he told me pretty _ all the secrets of the board of directions.A. almostB. alwaysC. nearlyD. hardly2.Last winter was _ for the latest 22 years in Shanghai.A. colderB. the colderC. cold D. the coldest3.I cant imagine that Shanghai once had the_population in our country in the 1820s.A.

23、 mostB. leastC. fewestD. smallest4._ luck, the seven astronauts in Columbia spaceship couldnt return safely. All of them died.5.Miss Lee won the womens 500 meters in the sports meeting. She did _ of all.A. bestB. betterC. wellD. good6.The mean employer gave_little boys_little money for the tiring jo

24、b.A. so, suchB. so ,soC. such, soD. such, such二.反义疑问句【知识梳理】1.考点直击1 陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?我和你姐姐一样高，对吗？2 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否认含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。The old man made no answer, did he?Jim is never late for

25、school, is he?3 陈述部分有have to +v. had to + v.，疑问部分常用don't +主语didn't +主语。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?4 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?5 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?You

26、'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?6 陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?7 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?8 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。Amust表示“

27、应该，其疑问部分用mustn't不应该，如：You must work hard next term, mustn't you ? 下学期你应该努力学习，对吗？Bmust表示“必须，其疑问部分用needn't不必，如：They must finish the work today, neednt they? 他们今天必需要完成这项工作，是吗？9 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。Everything is ready, isn't it?10 think引导的宾语从句：A.主语是

28、第一人称I don't think he is bright, is he?We believe she can do it better, can't she?B. 假如主语不是第一人称那么疑问部分与主句相对应构成反意疑问句He thought they were wrong, didn't he? 不能说weren't they?11 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he.Everyone knows the answer, don'

29、t they? doesnt he?Nobody knows about it, do they? does he?12 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。Don't do that again, will you?Go with me, will you / won't you ?13 Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we或用shan't we ?而Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you或won't you?Let's go and listen to the music, shall we或用sha

30、n't we?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you 或won't you?14 陈述部分是"there be"构造的，疑问部分用there。There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?There will not be any trouble, will there?15 否认前缀不能视为否认词，其反意疑问句仍用否认形式。It is impossible, isn't it?He is not unkind to hi

31、s classmates, is he?16 must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。He must be there now, isn't he?【例题精讲】例1.The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, _ ?A. did theyB. didn't theyC. did itD. didn't it例2.He dislikes the two subjects,_ he?A. doesB. doesn't C. isD. isn'

32、t【课堂练习】1.Tom rarely has lunch at home.改为反义疑问句Tom rarely has lunch at home, _ _ ?2.Marys father rarely smokes in public places, _?A. does heB. doesnt he C. is he D. isnt he3.Dont smoke in the meeting room.改为反义疑问句Dont smoke in the meeting room, _ _ ?4.Lets go outside for a walk, _ ?A. shall weB. will

33、weC. do weD. don't we三.特殊疑问句【知识梳理】1.疑问词的选择：1对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问，疑问词用what；关于what的其他疑问词：what color：What is that?What are you doing?What color is the shirt? 2对修饰名词的定语提出疑问，疑问词应用which，而且通常和名词连用。Which book is yours?3对指人名词或代词提问用who，作宾语时提问用whom。 Who is that boy?Whom / Who did you give that book to?4对物主代词和名词所

34、有格提问用whose。Whose computer is that?5对详细时间提出疑问，如 in the morning,last Sunday等，疑问词用when；When did you finished your homework?对详细几点钟提问，疑问词应用what time。What time do you usually get up?6对详细地点提出疑问，疑问词应用where。 Where do you come from?7对表原因的从句提问，常见的有because引导的从句，疑问词应用why。Why are you late for school?8对方式或程度等提出疑问，

35、用疑问词How。How do you like China?9对数量提出疑问，疑问词为How many，要注意how many必须跟名词的复数形式。How many birds are there in the tree?10对价格提出疑问，疑问词用How much。How much is that pen?11对时间、长度提出疑问，疑问词应用How long。How long is that ruler?How long have you stay in Shanghai?12对时间频率，如 once a year, twice a week等提问，疑问词用How often难点。 How

36、often do you go to school? 13对详细次数，如 once, twice, three times等提问，疑问词用How many times。14对in一段时间提问，疑问词一般用How soon。 How soon will you come back?15对间隔 提出疑问，疑问词用How far。 How far is it from your home to your school?16对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问，那么分别用 What's the date?/ What day is it ? 假如是过去时间，就用was代替is。如：What was t

37、he weather like?17关于how的其他疑问词：how old, how wide, how deep, how tall, how high等重点。【例题精讲】例1._will happen to us human beings if computers can do most of our jobs?A. HowB. WhichC. WhatD. Why例2.- _book do you think it is ?- It must be Toms.A. WhoseB. WhichC. WhereD. How【课堂练习】1.-_ do you study for a test?

38、- I study by working with my classmates.A. WhereB. WhyC. WhatD. How2.- _ does this new camera belong to?- Perhaps its Davids.A. WhatB. WhoC. HowD. Whose3.-_ building did the firemen save the old woman from last night?-The blue one.A. HowB. WhichC. WhereD. Whose4._can we help victims after a natural

39、disaster?A. WhoB. HowC. WhereD. When四.文字提示写作【知识梳理】1.文字提示写作此类题型要求考生根据中、英文提示，明确书面所提供的信息写出6080个单词的小短文。考生必须根据提示来安排文章的布局。在此根底上，也可以发挥想象。但是，这种想象只能在情景规定的范围内作适当的发挥。例1： 请用英语介绍你校图书馆。要点如下：1位于学校东部；2有成千上万册书，两个阅览室；3我们常去借书；4星期天，阅览室里总是坐满了学生；5图书馆对我们的帮助很大，是我们的好朋友。注意：1内容要包括上述所有信息，60个词左右； 2对围绕主题的适当发挥不扣分t但如有错误'要按评分标准

40、扣分。_范文 Our school library lies in the east of the campus. It has a large collection of books and two big reading rooms. It is open to all members of the school. We often go to the library and borrow interesting books. We also use the reading rooms to read magazines or do some written assignments. On

41、 Sundays, the two rooms are full of students. The library is also provided with computers. We can go online if necessary. Our school library is excellent! It is our best friend and we all like it.这篇文章是写物的，属于记叙文体裁文章围绕主题“our school library展开在讲述了图书馆的藏书和阅览室之后，'进一步提供细节，分别描绘了它们的使甩情况然后，在紧扣主题的前提下作适当发挥：“

42、The library is also provided with computers. We can go online if necessary.最后两句进展总结。例2：假设你是李明，用英语写一封信给你在外地的笔发John,告诉他你准备到北京击旅游， 问他是否愿意一同前往。信的开头及结尾已为你写好，不计人总词数信的内容还应包括以下要点：1你打算去北京的时问及其方式；2你打算在北京停留的时间及住宿的地点；3你打算游览的名胜古迹。参考词汇：颐和园 the Summer Palace 紫禁城 the Forbidden City注：1总词散80个左右 2所给的要点提示都必须用上，并做适当的发挥；

43、信中不得使用真实的人名、校名，Dear John,This term will be over. Ill._Please write back soon! Yours, Li Ming范文Dear John,This term will be over. Ill begin my long summer holiday on July 5. This summer, I will go on holiday to Beijing and stay there for ten days. Im planning to go there by train. During my stay, I wi

44、ll visit some beautiful and historic places, such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and the Forbidden City. I think my visit will be pleasant and enjoyable. By the way, I will live with my uncle in Beijing. Would you like to travel with me?Please write back soon! Yours, Li Ming这是一个书信体的书面表达题，书信格式已

45、经提供考生首先要列出要点：时间thissummer地点Beijing停留的时间ten days，旅行方式by train方案visit some beautiful and historic places，期待pleasant and enjoyable及住宿的地点live with my uncle。然后，根据这些要点再组句成文。其间，可以使用andsuch as等过渡衔接词，使得文章变得流畅。【例题精讲】例1.上海闵行区二模Write a short passage for at least 60 words according to the given situation 根据所给情景写

46、一篇不少于60字的短文,标点符号不格.Suppose you will give a speech at the school graduation ceremony. Please write something on what you want to say to both your teachers and schoolmates. 假设在毕业前夕,你的学校要为初三学生举办一个毕业典礼,你将作为学生代表进展简短的发言,请一篇不少于60字的发言稿。【课堂练习】1.2019上海普陀一模WritingWrite a composition in at least 60 words accord

47、ing to the given situation. 根据所给情景，写一篇不少于60词的短文Suppose there is an English Festival in your school every year. Some students think it is helpful, but others dont think so. What do you think, and why? 假设你们学校每年开展英语文化节活动，有些学生认为活动对自己有帮助，有些那么不这么认为，你的观点是什么？并说明理由注意：文中不得出现任何姓名、校名及其它相关信息，否那么不予评分。1.It is impo

48、rtant_English every day.A. of us to readB. for us to readC. for us readingD. we must read2.You are the only person_after the war.A. aliveB. livingC. liveD. lived3.Lets see how the young man will escape_the burning house.A. fromB. toC. inD. out4.Is this a photo of your daughter? She looks_in the pink

49、 dress.A. lovely B. quietlyC. politelyD. happily5.No matter how hard the work is,we will keep_until we make it.A. tryB. tryingC. to tryD. tried6.The_book made all of us very_.A. interested; interestingB. interested; interestedC. interesting; interestedD. interesting; interesting7.He worked hard in to oder to pass the examination.保持句意不变 He worked hard_ _ he could pass the examination.8.After years practice, the boy became a very famous_ .ar