高考对非谓语动词作状语

1、非谓语动词作状语高考对非谓语动词作状语的考查多与对动词其他形式的考查同时进行主要包括以下几个方面的内容:1.不定式作状语;2.-ing分词作状语;3.-ed分词作状语。1.不定式作状语不定式作状语常用来表目的、结果或原因等。例如:We eat to live, but we don't live to eat. (目的He arrived the airport only to find the plane had left.? (结果He burst into tears to hear the bad news . (原因注:表目的的不定式还常与so as或in order连用,构

2、成so as (not to do和in order (not to do 结构,其中so as (not to do 不能用于句首。例如:To get there in time, we got up very early.= In order to get there in time, we got up very early.= We got up very early (in order/so as to get there in time.不定式可用于作表语或补语的形容词之后作状语。例如:I'm sorry to hear that.Be careful not to cat

3、ch cold .The man is easy to get along with.I don't think the man hard to get along with.不定式常与too或enough连用,在句中作状语。例如:The boy is too young to go to school/ to be sent to school.= The boy is not old enough to go to school/ to be sent to school.不定式有时用于so.as to do sth.结构中作状语。例如:Will you be so kind as

4、 to help me with the work?有时,不定式还可修饰一个句子,表明说话人的态度。常见的这类不定式有to tell you the truth, to be honest, to be franc, to be fair, 等。例如:To tell you the truth, I don't like the film.2.-ing分词和-ed分词作状语-ing分词和-ed分词作状语修饰谓语,多说明动作发生的背景、方式或伴随情况。如果在逻辑上句中的主语与分词有主谓关系,用-ing分词,有动宾关系则用-ed分词。例如:We enjoyed ourselves in t

5、he park, singing and dancing.Built in 1900, the house is now 100 years old.1 -ing分词和-ed分词都可作原因, 其作用相当于一个相应的状语从句。如果在逻辑上句中的主语与分词有主谓关系,用-ing分词,有动宾关系则用-ed分词。例如:Being so poor in those days, they couldn't send the boy to school.(原因Born in a poor family, the boy could not go to school. (原因2 时间状语Hearing

6、 the bad news, she burst into tears.Having broken the law, he was put into prison.Having been praised, he felt happy.Being repaired, the machine cant be used now.Seen from the hill, the park looks more beautiful.3.-ing分词有时可作结果状语。例如:Her husband died in the war, leaving her a widow with three children

7、.We got up very early, arriving at the hospital ahead of time.4.条件状语,其作用相当于一个条件状语从句。例如:Given more time, we could have done it much better.Keeping trying, you will succeed.Turning around at the second crossing, you will see the shop.5 让步状语Being poor, the old man led a happy lifeHaving been told many

8、times , he still made the same mistake.Repaired yesterday, the machine cant work well.6 伴随状语He finished his work , handed the notebook and left the classrooom .He finished his work, and went home leaving the book on the desk.7 方式状语The boy earned money by selling books.练习:1.The research is so designe

9、d that once _ nothing can be done to change it.A. beginsB. having begunC. beginningD. begun2.European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular in the world.A. makingB. makesC. madeD. to make3.He sent me an e-mail, _ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope4.

10、_ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A. Being foundB. It was foundC. FoundedD. Founding5._ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.A. Having sufferedB. SufferingC. To sufferD. Suffered6._ a reply, he decided to write again.

11、 A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having receivedD. Having not received7.In order to improve English, _A. Jennys father bought her a lot of tapes B. Jenny bought a lot oftapes for herself C. a lot of tapes were bought by Jenny D. a lot of tapes were bought by Jennys father 8.In order to make

12、 our city green, _A. it is necessary to have planted more trees B. many moretrees need to plant C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant more trees9.Feeling the car stolen, _A. the area was searched thoroughly B. it was looked for everywhereC. he hurried to a policeman for helpD. a policeman wa

13、s asked to help10._ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept11.Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? _ enough protein and nutrition as you aregrowing up. A. Get B. To get C. Getting D. To be getting12.The man we followed suddenly

14、stopped and looked as if _whether he was going in the rightdirection. A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see13._in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose14.Generally speaking,_according to the directions,the drug has noside-effect

15、. A. when taking B.when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken15.Though _ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A.lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D.lacked in16._ their service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English.A. Improving B. Toimprove C. Improved D. Having

16、improved17._ time and labour, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingersand a thumb.A. To save B. Saved C. Saving D. Having saved18.The American troops tried many times to break into the mosque, _each time.A. beaten backB. only to be beaten backC. being beaten b

17、ackD. having been beaten back19.We all jumped with great joy _ the news that our country would have joined WTO by the end ofthe year. A. hearing B. to have heard C. being heard D. to hear20.All night long he lay awake, _ how to drive the American invaders back home.A. to thinkB. thinkingC. thoughtD.

18、 being thought21._good , the food was sold out soon.A. Tasting B. Tasted C. Being tasted D. Having been tasted22.A traffic jam?Oh, no. _, the right side of the road is closed for the time being.A. To berepaired B. Being repaired C. Repaired D. Having repaired23._the big snake, the little girl stood

19、under the tree _ out of her life.A. Seeing; frightenedB. Seeing; frighteningC. Seen; frightenedD. To see; frightening24._to her apartment, she found her necklace missing.A. To return B. Returned C. Beingreturned D. Returning25._in this way, the situation doesnt seem so disapp ointing.A. To look at B

20、. Looked at C.Looking at D. To be looked at26._the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given27.When _, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completingC. being completedD. to be completed28

21、._who she was, she said she was Marys cousin.A. Asked B. When asked C. When asking D. Asking29._ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice. A. To face B. Havingfaced C. Faced D. Facing30.When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A. introducing B. i

22、ntroducedC. introduceD. being introduced31.It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _at the meeting by my boss.A. questioning B. havingquestioned C. questioned D. to be questioned32._in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A. To waitB. Have waite

23、dC. Having waitedD. To have waited33.Having been attacked by terrorists, _.A. doctors came to their rescue B. the tall buildingcollapsed C. an emergency measure was taken D. warnings were given to tourists34._ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend anther two days on the farm

24、.A. AttractingB. AttractedC. To be attractedD. Having attracted35._the programme, they have to stay there for another two days.A. Not completing B. Notcompleted C. Not having completed D. Not completed36.Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.A. invited B. invitingC. being inv

25、itedD. having invited37.The bell _ the end of the period rang, _our heated discussion.A. indicating; interruptingB. indicated; interruptingC. indicating; interruptedD. indicated; interrupted38._from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever hegoes.A. Suffered B. Suffering C. Having suffered D. Being suffered39._ more attention, the trees could have grown better. A. Given B. to give C. GivingD. having given40.Sugar, when _with water, dissolves quickly.A. mixed