大学体验英语视听说教程 答案

1、Unit 5 Facing Business CrisisFamous QuoteThe successful man will profit from his mistakes and try again in a different way. Dale CarnegieDale Breckenridge Carnegie (1888-1955): An American writer and lecturer and the developer of famous courses in self-improvement, salesmanship, corporate training,

2、public speaking and interpersonal skills. Born in poverty on a farm in Missouri, he was the author of How to Win Friends and Influence People, first published in 1936, a massive bestseller that remains popular today. He also wrote a biography of Abraham Lincoln, titled Lincoln the Unknown, and sever

3、al other books.Unit Overview Business in post-modern era has found its way into all walks of life, affecting individuals lives, social economy and politics as a whole. Globalization facilitates business expansion on one hand and speeds up the economic integration and interdependence on the other. In

4、 this unit, students will get to know the global business and economic crises through real-life cases and see how these crises can be dealt with. Listening and speaking activities in this unit will inspire students to learn to face difficulties and handle their study careers to their best advantages

5、.In this unit, you will1. get to know business and economic crises through listening, viewing and reading 2. talk about how to face crises in real life through guided activities 3. conduct a poll on “Obstacles University Students Face and Various Ways They Use to Overcome Them” with your peers 4. le

6、arn useful words and expressions 5. learn to reflect on your own learning and comment on that of your peers 6. learn to think independently, critically and creatively Background Information20092010 Toyota vehicle recallsThree separate but related recalls of automobiles by Toyota Motor Corporation oc

7、curred at the end of 2009 and start of 2010. Toyota initiated the recalls, the first two with the assistance of the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), after several vehicles experienced unintended acceleration. The first recall, on November 2, 2009, was to correct a possibl

8、e incursion of an incorrect or out-of-place front drivers side floor mat into the foot pedal well, which can cause pedal entrapment. The second recall, on January 21, 2010, was begun after some crashes were shown not to have been caused by floor mat incursion. This latter defect was identified as a

9、possible mechanical sticking of the accelerator pedal causing unintended acceleration, referred to as Sticking Accelerator Pedal by Toyota. The original action was initiated by Toyota in their Defect Information Report, dated October 5, 2009, amended January 27, 2010. Following the floor mat and acc

10、elerator pedal recalls, Toyota also issued a separate recall for hybrid anti-lock brake software in February 2010.As of January 28, 2010, Toyota had announced recalls of approximately 5.2 million vehicles for the pedal entrapment/floor mat problem, and an additional 2.3 million vehicles for the acce

11、lerator pedal problem. Approximately 1.7 million vehicles are subject to both. The next day, Toyota widened the recall to include 1.8 million vehicles in Europe and 75,000 in China. By then, the worldwide total number of cars recalled by Toyota stood at 9 million. The number of alleged victims and r

12、eported problems sharply increased following the recall announcements, which were heavily covered by U.S. media, although the causes of individual reports were difficult to verify. Government officials, automotive experts, Toyota, and members of the general public contested the scope of the sudden a

13、cceleration issue and the veracity of victim and problem reports. The recalls further led to NHTSA and Toyota investigations, along with multiple lawsuits. Topic Preview1.Read the passage on page X and learn the useful expressions related to business crisis.2.Log on line and search for information c

14、oncerning specific cases about business and economic crises.Lesson One Lead inTask 1Describing the PictureTeaching Tips1. This task is designed to prepare students for the topic “the business crisis”. 2. Ask students to describe the picture with their peers. 3. Here are some questions for students t

15、o discuss: What does the picture imply? What do you think might be the reasons for people or businesses feeling a shortage of money? How do they usually cope with it?Describe the picture first and then discuss how people cope with money shortage.Task 2Reflecting on the ReadingTeaching Tips1. This ta

16、sk is designed to check students understanding of the reading material. 2. Ask students to answer the following questions. Read through the supplementary reading passage on page X, and answer the following questions.1. According to the passage, what did Toyota fail to notice as it grew to become the

17、 worlds largest automaker?Answer: Toyota failed to adjust its corporate structure to accommodate its altered scale and have overlooked fundamental principles that used to underpin its business.2Where does Toyota manufacture its accelerator pedals? Answer: Toyota accelerator pedals are produced both

18、by Denso of Japan and CTS of Elkhart, Indiana, US.3. What are the reasons that the two Toyota accelerator suppliers produced accelerator pedals of different quality?Answer: The Denso and CTS mechanisms use different wiring harnesses. In other words, Toyota, the master of communization, neglected to

19、ensure that identical parts from two suppliers were, in fact, identical.4. Why do problems in Toyota get lost and solutions get delayed when Toyota is managed in the present way? Answer: Toyota employs a chimney managerial approach in which complaints from customers in U.S. would travel first to sal

20、es headquarters in Japan, and then to manufacturing for implementation. Only after that would it find its way back to the U.S.5. According to the passage, what should Toyota do in order to deal with this business crisis?Answer: It needs to modernize its corporate structure, revisit the basic element

21、s of its product development system, and reconsider the impact of its aggressive cost-cutting.Task 3 Expanding Your VocabularyTeaching Tips1. This task is designed to enlarge students vocabulary and improve their ability to explain words in English.2. Ask students to match the words with the correct

22、 meaning and memorize the English explanations. Read through the words in the left-hand column, and match each of them with the appropriate meaning in the right-hand column.1.get stuckA.to make something such as a business, organization etc. work more simply and effectively2.hearingB.to describe a r

23、ate of increase which becomes quicker and quicker as the thing that increases becomes larger3.accelerateC.to be pushed into or through and stay there4.corporationD.an official meeting that is held to collect the facts about an event or a problem5.automakerE.speed up6.woeF.a large company or group of

24、 companies that is controlled together as a single organization7.streamlineG.great problems or troubles8.exponentiallyH.car manufacturerKey: 1-C 2-D 3-E 4-F 5-H 6-G 7-A 8-BAudio Studio Word Bank1.recalln.an occasion when someone orders the return of products made by a company 召回2.circuitn.a closed s

25、ystem of wires or pipes through which electricity or liquid can flow 电路3.pedal n.a small part of a machine or object which is pushed down with the foot to operate or move the machine or object 踏板4.electricaladj.related to electricity 电的，有关电的5.claimn.a statement that something is true or is a fact, a

26、lthough other people might not believe it 声明，主张6.handlev. to deal with, have responsibility for, or be in charge of 处理，操作7.approachn.a way of considering or doing something 方法，途径8.complaintn.when someone says that something is wrong or not satisfactory 诉苦，抱怨，牢骚9.have an impact onto have an influence

27、 on sth. 影响到10.Congress美国国会11.Akio Toyoda人名，丰田汽车集团现任总裁12.Jim Lentz人名Task 1 Identifying the GistTeaching Tips1. This task is designed to train students to get the gist of the audio clip. 2. Ask students to go over the questions and make their choices quickly. 3. Tell them not to worry about individua

28、l words but to focus on understanding the whole passage. 4. Play the audio clip and ask students to make the correct choices.Listen to the audio clip, and choose the right answers to the questions.1. What is the audio clip mainly about? A) Toyota recalls around the worldR B) Toyota recall hearings i

29、n US congress C) The development of Toyota Corporation.2. What might be the cause for the car to accelerate suddenly?R A) A short circuit. B) Floor Mats. C) Stuck gas pedal.Task 2 Checking the factsTeaching Tips1. This task is designed to train students to focus on important details. 2. Ask students

30、 to read the statements quickly and prepare for the listening. 3. Play the audio clip again and draw students attention to the detailed information.4. Allow students some time to complete the statements. 5. Ask students to repeat the sentences and memorize the key phrases or sentence structures.List

31、en to the audio clip again and fill in the blanks according to what you have heard. Repeat the sentences after you have completed them.1. US Congress is looking at some of the problems that Toyotas been having with vehicle recalls and examining how the carmaker has responded to the situation.2. An e

32、ngineering firm that was hired by Toyota to check out the claim found the same thing.3. Akio Toyoda, the president of the entire Toyota corporation, has announced new safety measures that the company plans to take from here on out. Script US Congress is looking at some of the problems that Toyotas b

33、een having with vehicle recalls and examining how the carmaker has responded to the situation. Youve heard all about this: millions of vehicles affected by issues with floor mats and gas pedals that might get stuck. US Congress is holding a few days of hearings to get some information about it. Yest

34、erday, they heard from one expert who said it could be an electrical issue. He says theres a possibility that a short circuit might cause a car to suddenly accelerate. An engineering firm that was hired by Toyota to check out the claim found the same thing. But Toyotas U.S. sales chief, Jim Lentz, s

35、ays the electrical system isnt the problem. When asked about how the company handled customer complaints, Lentz said that Toyota focused more on technical issues rather than looking at the possibility of accelerator pedals that get stuck. He called that approach a mistake and apologized for it. In f

36、act, Toyota has repeatedly apologized for the safety issues, and its working to repair the recalled vehicles. Akio Toyoda, the president of the entire Toyota corporation, has announced new safety measures that the company plans to take from here on out. Hes scheduled to appear before Congress today.

37、 All of this, as you might imagine, is having an impact on the companys reputation.Adapted from Video Studio Word Bank1.plungev.to (cause someone or something to) move or fall suddenly and often a long way forward, down or into something 跳进，陷入2.congressionala.belonging or related to the US Congress

38、大会的，国会的3.acceleratorn.the pedal (= part that you push with your foot) in a vehicle that makes it go faster 加速器4.stickinga.made of or covered with a substance that stays fixed to any surface it touches 粘的5.multiplea.very many of the same type, or of different types 多样的，多重的6.analystn.someone whose job

39、 is to study or examine something in detail 分析家，分析者7.reassurev.to comfort someone and stop them from worrying 使安心，打消的疑虑8.boardroomn.a room where the people who control a company or organization meet （董事会）会议室9.remarkablyadv.surprisingly 显著地10.third-quartern.July, August and September of a year 第三季度11

40、.out of sightbeyond ones range of vision 视线看不见的地方12.press conferencea meeting at which a person or organization makes a public statement and reporters can ask questions 记者招待会Task 1 Matching & PredictingTeaching Tips1. This task is designed to train students to identify key information and familiariz

41、e them with the useful expressions. 2. Allow students some time to complete the statements with the given phrases.3. Pair up students. Have them discuss the answers and predict the topic of the video clip.4. Play the video clip and check the answers.Complete the following statements with the phrases

42、 given below. Predict what will be talked about in the video. Then check your answers after watching the video clip.a problem withdrawing alarmmade any public appearancewent wrong withan enormous number ofto the surprise of1. The automakers worldwide woes are drawing alarm from Japans Economy, Trade

43、 and Industry ministry.2. In the US, law makers on Capitol Hill called for congressional hearings to investigate what went wrong with the auto giants accelerator pedals.3. But if there is a problem with one part, he says, it will spread to many models and an enormous number of vehicles, and in this

44、case millions of Toyota cars from Europe, the US and China, exponentially damaging the brand.4. Toyotas president Akio Toyoda has not made any public appearance to protect his companys reputation.5. Toyotas boardroom has been remarkably silent to the surprise of industry watchers.Task 2 Checking You

45、r ComprehensionTeaching Tips1. This task is designed to train students to grasp important information. 2. Before playing the video clip again, ask students to answer the following questions from memory.3. Play the video clip. Ask students to focus on the key information. 4. Allow students some time

46、to answer the following questions. Watch the video clip again, and answer the following questions.1.How much did Toyota stocks plunge down ending the week?Answer: Toyota stocks plunged ending the week down 12 percent.2. Why did law makers on Capitol Hill call for congressional hearings?Answer: They

47、want to investigate what went wrong with the auto giants accelerator pedals.3.By which supplier was the accelerator of problems made according to Toyota? Answer: It was made by supplier CTS in Indiana.4. What is expected from Toyota CEO at press conferences?Answer: In Japan, CEO apologies at press c

48、onferences are expected5.What report is Toyota said to reveal next week?Answer: Toyota is said to report third-quarter earnings next week.Task 3 Bridging the GapTeaching Tips1. This task is designed to train students to take down key information through viewing. 2. Before playing the video clip agai

49、n, ask students to fill in the blanks from memory.3. Play the video clip. Ask students to focus on the key information.4. Allow students enough time to take down notes.Watch the video clip once again and complete the table.Toyota Recall Scale: The recall spread around the globe.Recall Areas: U.S., E

50、urope, China.Impact：For the Japanese economy, it could be a serious problem.Toyota reaction towards the recallExecutives: remained out of sight.President: He made no public appearance to protect the companys reputation.Boardroom: made no apology and has been remarkably silent.ScriptToyotas Impact on

51、 JapanToyotas executives remained out of sight, as a recall of millions of the companys cars continued to spread around the globe. Toyota stocks plunged ending the week down 12 percent. The automakers worldwide woes are drawing alarm from Japans Economy, Trade and Industry Ministry.The scale of this

52、 recall is large, says Masayuki Naoshima, Toyota must deal with this issue properly and act to maintain consumer trust. In the US, lawmakers on Capitol Hill called for congressional hearings to investigate what went wrong with the auto giants accelerator pedals. And reports to US investigators: cars

53、 sped out of control. The drivers reporting the gas pedals sticking.Toyota says the problem is with this part of the accelerator made by supplier CTS in Indiana, though CTS says the accelerators were built to Toyotas specifications. As part of Toyotas global expansion plan, the automaker streamlined

54、 production, so one part will fit multiple car models around the world. That cuts costs, says industry analyst Tatsuya Mizuno. But if there is a problem with one part, he says, it will spread to many models and an enormous number of vehicles, and in this case millions of Toyota cars from Europe, the

55、 US and China, exponentially damaging the brand. While Toyota has made a number of statements to reassure consumers and indicate its working on the problem, Toyotas president Akio Toyoda has not made any public appearance to protect his companys reputation. In Japan, where CEO apologies at press con

56、ferences are expected, Toyotas boardroom has been remarkably silent to the surprise of industry watchers.-Yes.-Do you think that they need to deliver a strong message? -I think so, I think so, immediately.Not just overseas consumers, say many on the streets of Tokyo, but for Japans economy so deeply

57、 tied with the high quality of its automobiles. For the Japanese economy, it could be a serious problem, says Yuichi Kida, China and Korea are right behind us.Toyota is said to report third-quarter earnings next week. While analysts will be watching for the numbers, consumers will be looking for something else-an explanation. Kyung Lah, CNN, Tokyo.Source Notes:1. Capitol Hill: Aside from being a met