Book8Unit1导学案（grammar）张

1、By others faults, wise men correct their own. 他山之石，可以攻玉。高二英语 高二英语yy-2-118Book 8 Unit 1 A land of diversity导学案（Grammar）Period 7( noun clauses)编写人：张俊英 审核人：左汉斌 詹海玲 编写时间：2015.05班级： 组别： 组名: 姓名：【学习目标】复习主语从句，宾语从句和表语从句的用法。【学习重难点】能分析是哪种名词性从句并能熟练运用。名词性从句【概念与分类】在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语

2、、表语、同位语、介词宾语等, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。一、主语从句的用法一. 主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在句末,句首则用形式主语it。1. That the earth is round is true. = It is true that the earth is round. 2. Whether he will come hasnt been decided. = It hasnt been decided whether he will come. 注意: 连词that, whet

3、her在从句中不担任句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略 (注:if不可用来引导主语从句）二. 用it 作形式主语的结构(1) It is名词从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is an honor that 非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that是常识(2) It is形容词从句 (多用 should) It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是(3) It is 不及物动词从句 It seems that 似乎 It happened that 碰巧 It appears that 似乎(4) I

4、t is 过去分词从句 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证实 It is said that 据说 注意：it 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 it 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构, 主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:判断: It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film. It doesnt interest me whether you s

5、ucceed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place.It is John that broke the window二、宾语从句的用法：句子结构：主句 + 连接词(引导词) + 宾语从句连接词:从属连词that, whether, if 连接代词 Who, whom, whose, which, what 连接副词 where, how, why, when当宾语从句是陈述句时(包括肯定句和否定句), 连词由that引导, 因为that在从句中不作任何成分, 也没有任何具体意思, 因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 Jan

6、e said (that) she wasnt late for the meeting. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时, 由特殊疑问词充当连接词, 因为该特殊疑问词(即连接词)在从句中担任一定的句子成分, 具有一定的意义, 所以不可以省略。Do you know what he said just now?I dont remember when we arrived 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,由连词whether或if引导(口语中常用if),因为if/whether翻译成是否,具有一定的意义,所以不能省略。 Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma

7、 liked the handbag . Lets see if /whether we can find out some information about that city 注意: 关联词只能用whether不能用if 表示 “是否”的情况如下： A) 在表语从句和同位语从句中。如： The question is whether the film is worth seeing. The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.B) 在主语从句中，只有用it 作形式主语时, whether和if 都能引导主语从句, 否则,

8、 也只能用whether。如: Whether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. It hasnt been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.C) 在介词之后。(介词往往可以省略) 如: It all depends (on) whether they will support us.D) 后面直接跟动词不定式时。如： He doesnt know whether to stay or not.E) 后面紧接or not 时。如： We didnt know

9、whether or not she was ready. 关联词if, whether均可使用的情况如下： A) 引导宾语从句。如： I wonder if (whether) the news is true or not. B) 在 “be+形容词” 之后。如： He was not sure whether (if) it is right or wrong.三、表语从句的用法在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句, 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导。其基本结构为:主语 + 系动词 + that从句。 Thats what w

10、e should do. Thats why I want to see you. 1. be, seem, look等动词后均可跟表语从句： My suggestion is that we should go shopping. It seems that it is going to rain. 2. as if, because 也可引导表语从句。 It looks as if its going to rain. It was because I got up late. 3. 在非正式文体中,引导表语从句的that可以省略。如: The trouble is (that) he i

11、s ill.注意:在表语从句中,当reason做主语时,引导词只能用that,不能用because,如:他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。 The reason why he was late was that he didnt catch the early bus. 【基础训练】 1.The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make_it is.A. what B. which C. how D. where 2. AfterYang LI wei succee

12、ded in circling the earth, _our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. A. where B. what C. that D. how 3. -Dont you think it necessary that he _to Miami but to New York? -I agree, but the problem is _he has refused to. A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D.

13、should not send; what 4. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize_silly mistakes I had made. A. what B. that C. how D. which 5. The poor young man is ready to accept _help he can get. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever 6.It is none of your business_other people think about

14、you . Believe yourself. A. how B. what C. which D. when 7. _is no possibility_Bob can win the first prize in the match. A. There; that B. It; that C. There; whether D. It; whether 8. _that the two countries are going to have a talk . A. It reports B. It is reported C. It is reporting D. What is repo

15、rted 9. As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when _and see him.A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come 10.I want to know _the thief was caught on the spot. A. which B. that C. what D. whether11. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Wher

16、e 12. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _I disagree.A. why B. where C. what D. how 13. _sometimes keeps her awake at night _John is getting more and more quiet at home. A.That; what B. What; that C. It; that D. Whether; what 14._a terrible storm would take place in Hainan. A.

17、 Word came which B. Word came that C. Word that came D. Words came that 15. Its no longer a question now _man can land on the moon. A. that B. which C. whether D. what 16. As many five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best. 【2012陕西卷】A whatever B. whichever C. wheneverD. w

18、herever17. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently. 【2012北京卷】A. why B. how C. that D. whether18It suddenly occurred to him _he had left his keys in the office. 【2012江西卷】AwhetherBwhereCwhichDthat19. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesnt

19、matter _ you have lived there for a short or a long time. 2012湖南高考A. why B. how C. whether D. when20. Evdence has been found through years of study_ childrens early sleeping problem likely to continue when they grow up. 【2012重庆卷】A. why B. how C. whether D. that21. We should respect food and think about the people who dont have _ we have here and treat food nicely. （2010 福建） A. that B. which C. what D. whether22. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _ she was so angry.