高中英语选修十 Unit 5 Enjoy novels-语法篇（学生版）

1、.Unit 5 Enjoy novels-语法篇_1. 掌握独立主格的定义；2. 掌握独立主格的解题方法；独立主格构造1. 构成:独立主格构造由名词或代词加上其他成分分词, 不定式, 名词, 代词, 形容词, 副词或介词短语构成, 在语法上是一个独立的短语, 不是句子, 在意思上依附于整个句子。构成如下:1 名词代词 + 如今分词, 过去分词2 名词代词 + 形容词3 名词代词 + 副词4 名词代词 + 不定式5 名词代词 + 介词短语2. 独立主格构造的特点:1 独立主格构造的作用相当于状语从句, 可表示时间, 原因, 条件, 行为方式或伴随情况;2 独立主格构造可置于句首, 也可以放在句尾

2、;3 独立主格构造主要用于书面语;4 独立主格构造的逻辑主语与句中的语法主语不同, 不指同一个人或同一事物;5 独立主格构造的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同, 它独立存在;6 名词或代词与后面的分词, 形容词, 副词, 不定式, 介词等是主谓关系;7 独立主格构造一般有逗号与主句分开8 过去分词表示被动，逻辑主语承受动作；分词的完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。e.g. 1 The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. 2 The presiden

3、t assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. 3 Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. 4 He came into the room, his ears red with cold. 5 He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. 3. with 的复合构造作独立主格 表伴随时, 既可用分词的独立构造, 也可用with的复合构造。其构造如下: 1 with + 名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语

4、2 with + 名词/代词宾格 + 分词 3 with + 名词/代词宾格 + 不定式 4 with + 名词/代词宾格 + 形容词/副词 5 with + 名词/代词宾格 + 名词 e.g. 1 The teacher entered the classroom, with a book in his hand. 2 The classroom is very bright with all the lights turned on. 3 I cant go out, with a lot of work to do. 4 Dont talk with your mouth full. 5

5、 He fought the tiger with a stick as his only weapon. 4. 独立主格构造的句法功能1 作时间状语 e.g. The meeting over, they left the hall.2 作原因状语 e.g. My watch having been lost, I didnt know what time it was.3 作条件状语 e.g. Time permitting, I shall go to the cinema with you.4 描绘伴随行为或补充说明 e.g. Mary entered the room, with a

6、 big apple in her hand. He stood there, with his hands in his pockets. 1. _ her father, the little girl ran to him, her schoolbag _ behind her.A. Seeing; flying B. Seen; flown C. To see; to fly D. Seeing; was flying2. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _ the

7、m. A. to follow B. following C. followed D. follows3. All his time_ the local people out of poverty, he has no time for his sick mother.A. devoting to helping B. devoted to helpingC. devoting to help D. devoted to help4. The party will be held in the garden, weather _ permit.5. Bats are surprisingly

8、 long-lived creatures, some _have a life span of around 20 years.6. We _arrivethere, the sun was rising in the east.7. All things _consider, her suggestion is of greater value than yours.8. He got up late and hurried to his office, _leave the breakfast untouched.根底演练一. 单项选择1. The thief stood before

9、the policeman，_ admitting what he had done A. with his drooping head B. drooping his head C. raising his head D. with his head down 2. _，he can't go out for a walk as usual A. With so much work to do B. With so much work doing C. With so much work done D. Without so much work to do 3. It's q

10、uite strange that the man sleeps with his mouth _ and his eyes _ A. closed；open B. closed；opened C. closing；open D. closing；opening 4. All things _，the plan trip will have to be called off A. be considered B. considered C. considering D. having considering 5. _，we have to get down to business right

11、away A. As there was no time left B. There is no time left C. There being no time left D. There to be no time left 6. _ yesterday，we went out for a walk A. As a fine day B. It was a fine day C. It being a fine day D. For it was a fine day 7. The old man stood there，_ A. with back against the wall B.

12、 with his back against the wall C. with back against wall D. his back against wall 二. 用独立主格构造改写以下句子。1. The girl left the office and there were tears in her eyes. 2. Since there was no bus, we had to walk home.3. The soldier entered the room and his nose was red with cold.4. If all things are conside

13、red, I think we ought to give the job to Mike.5. The thief was brought to the police station and his hands were tied to the back.6. We set out for the cave and a native villager acted as our guide.稳固进步1. _ no bus, we had to walk home. A. There was B. There being C. Because there being2. _, I'll

14、go there with you tomorrow afternoon. A. Time permits B. If time permitting C. Time permitting D. Time's permitting3. _, we all went home happily. A. Goodbye was said B. Goodbye had been said C. Goodbye said D. When goodbye said 4. _, we all went swimming in high spirits. A. It being fine weathe

15、r B. It fine weather C. It was fine weather D. It being a fine weather 5. _, the bus started at once. A. The signal was given B. The signal giving C. The signal given D. When the signal given 6. She stood there, _ from her cheeks. A. tears' rolling down B. tears rolled down C. with tears rolled

16、down D. tears rolling down7. _, the leaves are turning green. A. When spring coming on B. Spring coming on C. Spring came on D. Spring being come on8. _, I had to buy a new one. A. My dictionary losing B. My dictionary having been lostC. My dictionary had been lost D. Because my dictionary lost9. I

17、used to sleep with the window _. A. opened B. open C. opening D to open10. _, the hunter went into the forest. A. A gun on shoulder B. A gun was on his shoulder C. Gun on shoulder D. A gun being on shoulder11. _ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. A. As B. For C. With D

18、. Through12. With a lot of work _, I have to sit up tonight. A. do B. doing C. done D. to do 13. He stood there silently, his lips_. A. trembling B. trembled C. were trembling D. were trembling 14. _, her suggestion is of greater value than yours. A. All things considering B. All things consideredC.

19、 All things were considered D. With all things were considered15. _, we will surely succeed. A. The teacher helping us B. The teacher to help us C. The teacher will help us D. With the teacher helping1. _ I attended the meeting instead of him last Monday. A. He was ill B. His being ill C. Him being

20、ill D. He being ill2. _, Ill go over all these lessons before the exam. A. If time permit will B. Time permits C. If time permitted D. Time permitting3. _, he drew a conclusion. A. The experiment B. The experiment making C. The experiment having been done D. The experiment made4. _ tomorrow, I could

21、nt go to the cinema tonight.A. The exam to be held B. The exam will holdC. The exam holds D. The exam holding5. _, her paper is of greater value than yours. A. All things be considered B. All things considered C. All things having considering D. All things considering 6. A new technique _, the yield

22、s as a whole increased by 20 percent. A. working out B. having worked out C. having been worked out D. to have been worked out 7. The decision _, the next problem was how to make a good a good plan. A. having made B. having been making C. having been made D. been made8. The teacher walked into the c

23、lassroom _. A. with a book in hand B. hand with a book C. being with a book in hand D. to have a book in hand9. _ no homework left, the pupils could do whatever they liked. A. There being B. There had C. There to be D. There having 10. They first came to an agreement on the basic principle, the deta

24、ils _ later.A. to work it out B. having been worked out C. to be worked out D. being worked out 11. The purse _, the young man went to the police for help. A. not yet found B. hasnt been found C. being not found D. not having yet found 12. _, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succee

25、d more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor. A. Other things being equal B. Were other things equal C. To be equal to other thing D. Other things to be equal 13. Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down. A. filled B.

26、 filling C. to fill D. being filled14. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _ for the day. A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished15. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. be

27、ing laid_一. 完型2019丰台一模Though she had been in a coma昏迷 for nearly six months, it was still a 1 when my grandmother passed away. I was not yet thirteen when she 2 . Id understood that death awaited her, but in those first moments of knowing, I could not 3 that “eventually had finally come to pass. Fri

28、ends came to the funeral home to pay their last respects to my grandmother and to show their support for my mother. Not 4 where to be or what to do, I stayed off to the side. The 5 finally ended with the arrival of my friend Kelly. Kelly and I had been friends ever since she was three and I was four

29、. We were “home friends, the kind who rode bikes together after school, went 6 to a KFC a few blocks away, even though we werent allowed to leave the block. At the funeral home, Kelly came right to me. In her hands were two packages of M&Ms. Kelly knew that was one of my 7 . We had often taken l

30、ong trips to the store for 8 . We sat in the back, eating M&Ms and talking quietly. A 9 experience had suddenly become easier to bear, with a childhood offering of chocolates and the 10 of a devoted friend.Trying to come up with something to offer a heartbroken person is 11 . Kelly had understoo

31、d, even at twelve, that there wasnt much she could do to reduce my pain _12 be there with me and bring something that just might make me 13 . Now, whenever Kelly and I find ourselves at a funeral home for a family member of ours, the other has always shown up 14 M&Ms, a small offering of 15 to t

32、ake the edge off the hovering sorrow. Weve 16 that when were old, the one who dies first will have a crazy old lady throwing M&Ms into her grave. M&Ms will 17 be significant to me. They will 18 me that even when something as painful and powerful as 19 comes to claim whats most important to m

33、e, there will always be Kelly and her chocolate.M&Ms, melt 溶解 in your 20 , not in your hand.1.A. shockB. topicC. storyD. custom2.A. returnedB. diedC. criedD. recovered3.A. tellB. pretendC. findD. believe4.A. knowingB. seeingC. guessingD. planning5.A. activityB. introductionC. ceremonyD. awkwardness6.A. directlyB. separatelyC. secretlyD. hurriedly7.A. collectionsB. favoritesC. presentsD. choices8.A. doll