四元聚焦·英语——助动词类《对点训练+综合训练》第二节　动词的时态和语态（含解析）

1、.第二节动词的时态和语态考点一：动词的时态1.What makes you a history major?Interest. I _ it because my high school history teacher influenced me a lot.A. loved B. had lovedC. love D. have loved【解析】C句意：是什么让你去主修历史的？兴趣，我热爱历史，因为我的高中历史老师对我影响很大。根据问句中的makes以及答语中的Interest可知由于感兴趣才去学习历史，表达兴趣爱好时用一般如今时，因此选择C项。2.His novels sell best

2、 and have made him famous, but before that no one could have imagined how great a role he _ in the literary world.A. had played B. has playedC. is playing D. was to play【解析】D句意：他的小说销量最好并让他名声大噪，但在这之前没有人会想象到他将会在文学界扮演这么重要的角色。根据语境中的关键词before that no one could have imagined可知所述时间为过去，设空处的play应发生在过去的时间内，因此

3、排除B项和C项。A：had played表示动作发生在imagined之前，不符合句意。相对于could have imagined来说play是将来的动作。因此选D。3.Why on earth didnt you answer the phone?Im terribly sorry, but the doorbell _， too. A. is ringing B. rangC. was ringing D. was about to ring【解析】C句意：你终究为什么不接 ？真的很抱歉，但是当时门铃也响了。过去进展时表示在 响的时候门铃也在响，所以不能同时做两件事。rang为过去时，w

4、as about to ring为过去将来时，均不合题意。4.Have you met Mr. Li?Yes. When I arrived, he _ for Shanghai to attend a national conference.A. just left B. had just leftC. just leaves D. was just leaving【解析】D句意：你见到李先生了吗？是的。当我到的时候，他正要去上海参加一个全国性会议。根据arrived可知，其主句也应该用过去的某种时态，C项不正确；A项表示过去发生的动作，B项表示过去的过去，这两项均不合题意要求，故被排除；设

5、空处用进展时表示将来，故答案为D项。5.Hi, Mike. Nice to meet you.Oh, its you. I _ I would meet you here.A. never think B. never thoughtC. havent thought D. hadnt thought【解析】B句意：你好，迈克。见到你真快乐。哦，是你呀。我没想到会在这儿遇到你。此题考察一般过去时态。根据题意，答语指的是之前没想到，强调过去发生的动作，所以正确答案为B。6.Mum, the constant noise around here _ me crazy!Concentrate on

6、your reading. Its none of your business. A. drove B. drivesC. is driving D. had driven【解析】C句意：妈妈，这里周围持续不断的噪音快让我发疯了！集中注意力看你的书。这不关你的事。根据妈妈的答复，要求孩子集中注意力看书，说明噪音正在发生，因此噪音正在影响着孩子，排除A、D两项。另外一般如今时表经常性的或者习惯性的动作，与此题语境不符。如今进展时表示动作正在进展，符合题意。7.Is this the second time that you _ the Summer Palace?A. visit B. are

7、visitingC. had visited D. have visited【解析】D句意：这是你第二次参观颐和园吗？根据固定句型：This/It is the first/secondtime that从句。that从句的谓语要用如今完成时。8.I wonder what makes you a successful manager.I _ as a waiter for five years, which contributes a lot to my todays work.A. serve B. have servedC. had served D. served【解析】D句意：我想知

8、道什么使你成为一名成功的经理。我曾做过5年的效劳员，那段经历对我今天的工作有很大的帮助。“当效劳员是过去的事，故排除A、B两项；设空处不表示“过去的过去，故排除C项。9.Well go to the party to be held in Anhui Grand Theater at 8 tonight. Could you join us?Im afraid I cant. I _ the paper with my instructor.A. am discussingB. have discussedC. will be discussingD. will have discussed【

9、解析】C句意：我们将参加于今晚8点在安徽大剧院举行的晚会。你愿意和我们一起去吗？恐怕不行。那时我将正在和我的导师讨论论文。由上句中的at 8 tonight可知下句应该用将来时，应选C。10.Have you called 119?As soon as I saw the smoke, I called the firemen, but they _ yet.A. didnt arrive B. hadnt arrivedC. havent arrived D. wouldnt arrive 【解析】C句意：你拨打119了吗？看到烟，我就给消防队打了 ，但是他们还没有到达。此句因为有yet，而

10、且主要讲述与如今的关系，所以用如今完成时。考点二：动词的语态1.Suspected of having escaped the lecture, the naughty student _ about what he was doing when we were in the lecture hall yesterday afternoon.A. questionedB. will questionC. is being questionedD. had been questioned【解析】C句意：因为被疑心没有听演讲，那个淘气的学生正在被讯问昨天下午我们都在报告厅里的时候，他在做什么。根据

11、句意可知，the naughty student与“讯问之间是动宾关系，要使用被动形式，并且是如今的事，故使用如今进展时态的被动形式。2.Honey, this is a present for your birthday.Ah! A pair of shoes, wellknown brandNike, I think it _ comfortable.A. wears B. is wornC. is wearing D. has worn 【解析】A句意：宝贝，我给你买了件生日礼物。啊！一双鞋，名牌耐克的。我想穿起来会很舒适。英语中的某些动词如taste，smell，sell，wear，c

12、ut等，可用其一般时态的主动形式表示事物的特征、特点，例如：This knife cuts well.这把刀子很锋利。These MP4s sell well. 这些MP4很畅销。3.Have you moved into your new house?Not yet. It _ at present.A. will be painted B. was paintedC. is being painted D. is painted 【解析】C句意：你搬进新房子里了吗？还没有。房子正在油漆。根据句意可知，应使用如今进展时态的被动语态形式。4.More than ten people _ in

13、their own homes during the first 3 months of this year.A. were gassed B. had been gassedC. are gassed D. have been gassed【解析】A句意：在今年的前三个月中有超过10个人在他们的家中被毒气毒死。根据语境中的时间during the first 3 months of this year可知动作发生在过去，本句话并没有表示“毒死这个动作发生在某个过去发生的动作之前，因此选A项。一般过去时可以用来表达某一动作在过去继续了一段时间而终止了，或在过去某一段时间发生了假设干次。5.We

14、 are designing an experiment to find out whether glass _ more easily when it is cold.A. is broken B. will be brokenC. breaks D. will break【解析】C句意：我们正在设计一个实验来证明玻璃在温度较低的情况下是不是更容易碎裂。根据句意，这里玻璃的碎裂是指物体的自然特性，故应该用一般如今时态。1.It was a pity that when we got to the cinema, the movie _， so we saw only the end of i

15、t.A. was finishing B. has just finishedC. just finished D. had just finished【解析】A句意：很遗憾，当我们到达电影院时，电影快要完毕了，所以我们只看到结尾部分。根据so we saw only the end of it可知电影快要完毕了。短暂性动词finish常用进展时表示将来时。2.Bob entered for the final English competition.No wonder. He _ learning English.A. enjoyed B. enjoysC. has enjoyed D. w

16、as enjoying【解析】B句意：鲍勃进入英语竞赛的决赛了。并不奇怪，他喜欢学英语。考察一般如今时，表示经常的行为。3.Listen！Its raining.Oh, really? I _ it at all.A. didnt realize B. dont realizeC. havent realized D. hadnt realized【解析】A句意：听！如今下雨呢。噢，真的吗？我一点都不知道。根据句意可知设空格处表示过去的事情，故排除B、C两项；D项表示过去的过去，不合句意，故被排除。4.The meeting began two hours ago and because no

17、 decision _， we will continue our discussion tomorrow.A. has made B. had madeC. has been made D. had been made 【解析】C句意：会议是两个小时之前开场的，由于没有做出任何决定，我们明天将继续讨论。根据句意可知此题考察被动语态，因此排除A项和B项。D项had been made表示过去的过去，与语境不符。has been made如今完成时表示“到目前为止，符合语境要求。5.Cant you see east of the two buildings _ an old tall towe

18、r?A. stand B. is standingC. stands D. are standing【解析】C句意：难道你没看见在两栋楼的东面屹立着一座高大的古塔吗？see后为宾语从句，该宾语从句采用了倒装形式，且主语是第三人称单数tower，故排除A、D两项；如今进展时表示“暂时性，故被排除，故答案为C项。6.Did you happen to hear the recent news?Yes, Alice _ the gold medal in the speech contest, which I find hard to believe.A. wins B. wonC. had won

19、 D. will win【解析】B句意：你听说最近的新闻了吗？是的，Alice在演讲比赛中获得了金牌，这真让我难以相信。根据句意可知Alice获得金牌发生在过去，故排除A项和D项，过去完成时表示过去的过去，而语境中并没有强调获得金牌发生在某个过去发生的动作之前，应选B。7.My train arrives in Chicago at eight oclock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there _ by then.A. would leave B. will have leftC. has left D. had left【解析

20、】B句意：我的火车今晚8点到芝加哥。到那时，我想从那里搭乘的那架飞机将会已经分开了。by到为止；而eight oclock tonight是将来的时刻，所以by thenby eight oclock tonight与将来完成时连用。8.Why do you look so depressed?Im in pretty bad shape and I _ things.A. have forgotten B. am forgettingC. had been forgetting D. was forgetting 【解析】B句意：为什么你看起来这么沮丧呢？我的体型不好而且经常忘事。如今进展时

21、，表示现阶段反复发生的事情。9.David _ the test for further study in the USA. Lets have a party to congratulate him.A. passes B. has passedC. has been passing D. had passed【解析】B句意：大卫已经通过了能去美国深造的测试。咱们开个派对祝贺一下他。David通过测试，因此我们才开派对。据此判断，pass的动作对如今产生了影响，所以用如今完成时。10.Youve got your flat furnished, havent you?Yes , I _ so

22、me used furniture and it was a real bargain. A. will buy B. have boughtC. had bought D. bought【解析】D句意：你的公寓里摆上家具了，是吗？是的，我买了一些旧家具，那真廉价。根据and后面的was可知设空处需用过去时，故排除A、B两项；设空处不表示“过去的过去，故排除C项。11.Jack, do you know anything about Doctor Brown?I _ to him for years. I dont see how anyone else could do better.A.

23、went B. will goC. had gone D. have been going【解析】D句意：Jack，你理解布朗医生吗？我在他那里看病很多年了，我不知道还会有人比他做得更好。根据句意可知说话人一直在布朗医生那里看病，如今完成进展时表示动作从过去开场发生，一直持续到如今还未停顿，此处也可指从过去到如今一直如此，应选择D项。12.My arrival was timed perfectly; it was the second weekend of November, when the world largest wine auction _.A. held B. was being

24、 heldC. was held D. was to hold 【解析】B句意：我的行程时间非常好；正是11月的第二个周末，那时正在举行世界上最大的葡萄酒拍卖会。根据句意可知B项正确。13.My father _ a bus to his office until the workers have had his car fixed next week.A. has taken B. is takingC. took D. takes【解析】B句意：我的爸爸这段时间会一直坐公共汽车上班直到下周工人把他的车修好。根据从句中的关键词have和next week可以将C项排除。A项表示“到目前为止，

25、与句意不符。D项表示通常情况下的习惯、惯例，与句意不符。B项表示暂时性，根据句意可知到下周的这几天内暂时做公共汽车。14.Can I pick you up at 5 oclock?Oh, no. You can come a little later. I _ cooking then.A. will do B. am doingC. would do D. will be doing【解析】D句意：我可以5点钟去接你吗？哦，不。你可以晚点来。那个时候我正在做饭呢。根据问句中的“5点和答句中的“那时，表示在5点钟时我将会正在做饭，是将来进展时态，所以选D。15.Ill be able to

26、come to see your performance at 8：30 tomorrow evening.Im sorry, by then my performance _ and I _ reporters in the meeting room.A. will be ended；will meetB. is to end；will meetC. will have ended；will be meetingD. will end；am going to meet 【解析】C句意：明天晚上8：30我能来看你的演出。不好意思，到那时我的演出就会已经完毕了，而我将正在会议室里会见记者。含有“

27、by将来时间的动词应使用将来完成时态；“将会会见记者是将来正在做的事，使用将来进展时态，应选择C项。16.How was the journey?Tiring! All the seats in the train _. I stood all the way.A. were occupied B. would be occupiedC. would occupy D. had occupied【解析】A句意：你的旅行怎么样啊？疲惫！火车上所有的座位都被占了。我站了一路。根据How was the journey？可知旅行应该是过去的事情，所以座位被占也是发生在过去，因此用一般过去时；另外“座

28、位被占应用被动语态。17.What are your rules for carryon luggage, Madam?You _ only one piece of luggage on the plane, Sir.A. allow B. allowedC. are allowed D. were allowed【解析】C句意：女士，请问你们对随身携带的行李有什么规定吗？先生，你只可以被允许携带一件行李上飞机。根据语境中的rules可知用一般如今时来表述规定、常规的事情，根据句意可知此题为被动语态，应选择C。18.Do you know anything new about the inc

29、ident?A working party _ to look into the problem.A. was set up B. has been set upC. has been setting up D. is setting up【解析】B句意：对于这起事故你有新的消息吗？已成立一个工作组来调查此事了。首先工作组是被成立，故排除C、D两项；另外，工作组成立后对如今造成影响，即工作组在调查此事，应用如今完成时，而不是一般过去时，应选B。19.An emergency meeting will be held tomorrow, at which the bill _ to pass.A

30、. is expected B. will be expectedC. expects D. will expect【解析】A句意：明天将召开紧急会议，这项议案有望在会上通过。expect期望，意料，一般使用构造为expect sth. to happen/sth. be expected to happen, 根据题意bill与expect之间是被动关系，expect的动作是指如今意料明天会上会发生的事，应选A项。20.Although the Eiffel Tower _ to last for 20 years, it is still standing today.A. has des

31、igned B. had designedC. is designed D. was designed【解析】D句意：虽然埃菲尔铁塔被设计成使用寿命为20年，但是今天它仍然矗立着。与today相对，design是过去的动作，所以用一般过去时；同时，design与the Eiffel Tower之间为被动关系，所以D项正确。21.Children today find it hard to focus on study.Exactly, as they _ so many fun things to do.A. found B. have foundC. had found D. will fi

32、nd【解析】B句意：今天的孩子发现集中精力学习很困难。确实如此，因此他们发现有很多好玩的事情要做。根据today可知议论的是如今的情况，四个选项中只有B项为如今时。A：表达过去的情况；C：表达过去的动作或时间之前就完成的动作；D：表将来。22.John seems happy, ever though his wife left him and he lost his job.I think he _ to put on a brave face.A. will try B. has triedC. had tried D. is trying【解析】D句意：约翰看上去很快乐，即使他的妻子分开

33、了他，并且失业了。我想他在装出一副英勇面孔。根据第一句可知约翰如今看起来很快乐是装出来的，所以用如今进展时态。23.Why didnt you attend the ceremony yesterday?Because my cousin came to see me, which I _.A. didnt expect B. havent expectedC. wasnt expecting D. hadnt expected【解析】D句意：昨天你为什么没参加典礼？因为我表兄来看我了，这是我没有想到的。答语中的came是过去的动作，而expect很显然发生在came之前，所以用过去完成时。24.Have you received your new shoes?Yes. And at the same time I got the jacket I _.A. had ordered B. orderedC. have ordered D. order【解析】A句意：你收到你的新鞋了吗？收到了。同时我还收到了我订的夹克。此题考察动词的时态。根据句意可知got the jac