小学英语语法及练习题名词

1、要点精华】1. 定义名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方， 机构等专有的名称，如 Beijing ， China 等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是 一个抽象概念的名词，女口： book, sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：1 ）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如： gun。2 ）集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如： family 。3 ）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如： air 。4 ）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如： work个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算， 称为可数名词， 物质名词和抽象名 词一般无法用数目计算，称为不

2、可数名词。2. 名词复数的规则变化（情况，构成方法，读音，例词）a. 一般情况在名词后加 -s清辅音后读 /s/map-maps浊辅音和元音后读 /z/bag-bags /car-carsb. 以s, sh, ch, x等结尾的名词加-es读 /iz/bus-buses/ watch-watches/brush-brushes/box-boxesc. 以 ce, se, ze,等结尾力卩-s读 /iz/lice nse-lice nsesd. 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词把变y为i读/z/baby-babiese. 以o结尾的名词，变复数时：1) . 加 s，如:photo-photosradio

3、-radios2) .力卩 es，如：potato-potatoes再加esMWIt©美奥教育pia no-pia noszoo-zoostomato-tomatoes. 上述a和b两种方法均可，如 zero-zeros / zeroesorange fridge jeep rain wind car teacher music ear colaf.以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：1) .力卩 s，如： belief-beliefsroof-roofssafe-safesgulf-gulfs2) .去 f, fe力卩 ves，如：half-halvesknife-kni vesleaf

4、-leaveswolf-wolvesthief-thieveswife-wiveslife-liveshan dkerchief: han dkerchiefs /3) .上述a和b两种方法均可，如handkerchieves。殆ex “教育3. 名词复数的不规则变化1) child-childrenfoot-feetwomanwome nmousemicemanmen注意：由一个词加man或woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women 如 an Englishman，two Englishmen。但 German不是合成词， 故复数形式为 Germa ns Bowma是姓，其

5、复数是the Bowma n®2) 单复同形，女口 deer，sheep，fish ， Chinese，Japanese ，yuan 等。4. 名词所有格式称为该名词的所有格，例如： Where's Lin Tao's bike? 林涛的自行 车在哪2）如果原词已经有复数词尾 -s, 则仅仅加一个“ ' ”，例如： teachers ' office 老师的办公室3）如果是复数，但不带词尾-s,则仍然加“s”，例如：those men s hats 那些男士的帽子4）如果表示各自的所有关系时，名词末尾均需加“s”，例如：Jim s and Kate&#

6、39; s glasses 吉姆和凯特各自的眼镜5） 如果表示共同的所有关系时，仅在最后一词的末尾加s”，例如：Jim and Kate ' s kite 吉姆和凯特的风筝（两个人共同拥有的）6）如果表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，例如： Shall we go to Meimei ' s for supper? 我们 一起到梅梅家去吃饭，好吗7）没有生命的名词所有格用 of ，例如： This is a photo of myfamily. 这 是我家的一张全家福。【实战演练场】一. 圈出下列单词中的不可数名词peach ink wa

7、ter zoo sistercoffee knife snow ice teaorange fridge jeep rain wind car teacher music ear colawatermelon cherry. 写出下列名词的复数形式1.watch 2.class_ 3.shelf4.dog_ 5.dish_ 6.child7.nurse 8.desk_ 9.boy10.baby 11.tooth_ 12.eye13.sheep 14.tomato_ 15.library16.goose 17.photo18.telephone三 . 填入所给名词的适当形式1. We have

8、three(pen).2. This is an (apple).3. Where is the(pencil)?4. There is a little in the bottle(juice).Are you a (driver)? Yes, I am.6. There are a few (watch)on the desk.7. Many(shelf)are in our school library.8. He has some(ink).9. The(girl)in red is Mary.10. How many(people)are there in your family?

9、Three.四 . 将下列名词按所给例词的词义属性归类school pineapple panda jacket peach cat pen library hat trousers ruler classroom lemon dress tigerplayground ink eraser shirt elephantballpoint- pencomputer room deer pencil-case snake shorts socks1. pencil2. banana3. coat4. wolf5. school building. 选择题( )1.There is on the

10、table.( )1.There is on the table.A. PlateB.a plateC.plates( )1.There is on the table.C.flowersC.doGC.shirtsC.facesC.familysC.keyC.Chinese( )2.I can see many in the garden.A. flowers B.a flower( )3.Theon the hills are all white.A.sheep B.sheeps( )4.These neware for you.A.skirtB.shoe( )5.The clock has

11、 threeA.legsB.leg( )6.They are not in the same.A.classB.classes( )7.Is this your?A.a keyB.keys( )8.They are having.A.a classB.English classclass( )9.There are so many in the hall.A.peoplesB.peopleC.a people( )10.Thehas some nice pictures.A.boys B.teachers C.child( )11.Theare dancing at the party.A.w

12、oman B.women C.man( )12.The are in Room408.A.student B.a studentC.students)13.Who' s that? She ' s my mother.A.manB.womanC.women)14.Theare catching the thief.A.policeman B.policemenC.policemans)15.There are newin my schoolbag.A.knifeB. knifesC.knives)16.jacket is it? May be itA.Who's;Tom

13、s B.What;Tom'sC.Whose;Tom 's( )17.The books are theA.teachers 'B.teachersC.teacherDay.( )18.There are a lot of children in the park onA.childrenB.Children'sC. Childrens '( )19.Isitthetwins 'bedroom?Yes,itis.It 'sbedroom.A.Ann and Anna 'B.Ann's and Anna ' s C.A

14、nnandAnna( )20.That isdog.A.Tom'B.TomsC.Tom( )21.coats are very pretty.A.Jim and Tim ' sB.Jim ' s and Tim 'sC.Jimhome for dinner.B.uncleand Tim( )22.They are going to theirA. unclesC.uncle 's( )23.The big room isA.the twin ' sB.twins ' C.thetwins '( )24.March 8 th is.

15、A.Woma'n s DayB.Woman's DayC.Wome'n sDay六 . 根据英语解释以及首字母写单词1. comes after afternoon2. a small bag with money in itw3. the hottest season4. the first day of the working weekM5. the first month of a yearJ6. a room for sleepingb7. your uncle 's son or daughterc8. the sister of your fathe

16、r or mothera9. the month after JulyA10.making you very afraid; very badt七 . 英汉互译1. 一位美国医生 _ 2. 许多绵羊3. 不同的季节 4. 一杯牛奶5. 凯特的家庭照 6.my uncle's friend7.hercat 's name8.the doors of theclassroom9.the twins ' mother_10.Lucy and Kate'sbedroom八 . 根据中文完成句子1. When you have a headache, you should

17、 stay in bed and take some（药）.2. My hobby is collecting（ 邮票 ）.3. Many孩子）like watching cartoon（ 卡通片）.4. Every morning we should brush（ 牙齿）.5. We must clean our（ 教师）after school.6. May I have another（ 一瓶橘汁 ）.7. I like （ 这条连衣裙的颜色 ）.8. (汤姆和安的手套 )are the same.9. There are many( 狼)in the forest.10. (西红柿)i

18、s my favourite vegetable.九 . 阅读理解Look at the picture on the wall. It 's a picture of Mr. Green's family. The old manis Jim Green. He is Mr. Green's father. Mr. Green is a worker. His wife, Helen Green, is a doctor. They have two daughters. They are Lucy and Lily. They are twins. Lucy and

19、 Lily have a cousin, Jeff. Jeff's parents love them all very much.sA.father B.cousinC.uncleD.grandfather( )1.The old man is Lucy and Lily( )2.The Greens have twoA.brothersB.sistersC.sonsD.daughters( )3.Lucy hasA.a friend B.a sisterC.a brotherD.two sisterss( )4.Jeff's father is Lucy and LilyA

20、. UncleB.fatherC.brotherD. gra ndfather()5.Lily ' s mother is a.D.fatherA.doctorB.workerC.teacher十情景英语选择正确的句子完成对话Hello, Wang Mei! _1_ . Sure! How can I help you?I want to move the desk, but it' s too heavy._2_I want to put it in the n ext room. OK, _3_Oh, it ' s so heavy,_4_No,it ' s

21、 full of books.I see. Why don ' t you take out the books? _5_1. 2.3.4.5.A.That ' s a good idea!B. Goodbye!D.ls it empty?C. Where do you want to put it?MWIR®美奥教育E. Shall we go?F. How are you?G. Could you help me, please?十一.将下列短语改写成用“ s”来表示所有关系的短语1. a walk of half an hour2. the bikes of Hele n and Jane3. the ships of the children4. the sister of Joh n5. at the shop of un cle John6. the room of Hele n and Joh n_十二.把下列短语译成汉语2.a box of apples4.a bottle of orange6.a g