定语从句之重难点大全-

1、定语从句之重难点大全定语从句考点及热点问题定语从句是中学英语学习的主要语法内容之一,也是高考英语的常考知识点。在历年的高考试题中,相对集中地考查了非限定性定语从句、关系代(副词的用法、语义重复、主谓一致及“介词+which(whom”等有关定语从句的知识。下面谈谈定语从句的主要考点及其热点问题。一、非限定性定语从句。非限定性定语从句是出现频率最高的考点1.引导非限定性定语从句时,只能用which(不用that。例如:She heard the terrible noise ,_ brought her heart into her mouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that解析

2、:which指代前面的先行词noise,引导非限定性定语从句,并在从句中作主语。2.有时引导词which可以指前面整个句子的含义。例如:Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _ , of course,made the others unhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what3.除which外,还可用when,where, who(m等关系代词、关系副词引导非限定性定语从句。例如:Finally I decided to stay in Chong Qing,where I finished

3、 my college study.4.在限定性定语从句中作宾语时,引导词可以省略,但引导非限定性定语从句的连词不能省。例如:He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother,whom he loved as his own mother.5.置于句首时,非限定性定语从句只能用as引导,而置于句末时as和which都可用。例如:_ is known to all,China will be an _ and powerful country in 20 or 30 years' time.A.That;advancingB

4、.This ;advancedC.As;advancedD.It;advancing答案是C。但是当非限定性定语从句表示与前面的主句意义相反时,只能用which引导。例如:The weather turned out to be very good,_was more than we could expect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.if解析:答案是B,句中的more than的本意为“超过”,“超过了我的预料”即为“我没有预料到”。这里不能用as代替which。二、先行词是表地点或时间的名词时,引导词的选择。例如:After living in Paris for 50ye

5、ars he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when解析:答案是B,因为表地点的先行词the small town在从句中作状语.当表地点的先行词在从句中作主、宾、表语时,则要用that 或which引导定语从句。例如:I visited the country which /that had been bombed by the US-led NATO a month before .I shall never forget the years _ I lived in the

6、 countryside with the farmers, _ has a great effect on my life .A.that;whichB.when;whichC.which;thatD.when;whoI'll never forget the years that/which I spent with my cousin in Australia.解析:先行词the years在第句中作时间状语,在第句中作spent的宾语,此时引导词that/which可省略。三、“介词+关系代词(which /whom”引导的定语从句。例如:In the office I nev

7、er seem to have time until after 5:30 pm _ ,many people have gone home .A.whose timeB.thatC.on whichD.by which time解析:答案是D,by which time即by“after 5:30”“到五点三十分以后”。介词的选择,取决于这个介词与先行词或从句之间的关系。又如:Lei Feng, from whom we have once learned a lot,is now an example to the soldiers of West Point Military Schoo

8、l(西点军校 of America.解析;关系代词前的介词from,与从句的谓语动词learn构成习惯表达learn from(向学习。四、语义的重复。例如:He made another wonderful discovery,_ of great importance to science .A.which I think isB.which I think it isC.which I think itD.I think is解析:答案是A。选项B重复了宾语it,因为关系代词which 是think的逻辑宾语;此外,引导非限定性定语从句的连词不能省略,故选项D也不对。五、“介词+whom

9、”引导的定语从句与who /whom引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时的区别。试比较:1、It was a matter of _ would take the position.A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever2、Kennedy and Johnson,both of were murde red in their terms, once coworked as president and vice -president.A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever解析:答案分别为A和C。前者是宾语从句,who引导的整个宾语从句作介词of的宾语,同时who

10、在从句中作主语,所以不能用whom引导。后者是定语从句,whom作介词of的宾语(所以不能用who引导,构成介、宾结构,作both的定语,而both才是定语从句的主语。六、定语从句中的主谓一致问题。试比较:1、The Oscar is the only one of the film prizes _ offered to any Chinese actor or actress by far.2、The Oscar is one of the film prizes _ offered to any Chinese actor or actress by far.A.which is onB

11、.that have not beenC.that has notD.that has not been解析:答案分别是D和B。前一例的先行词是the only one,且指代它的引导词在从句中作主语,故从句的谓语动词必须用单数;又因先行词one被only修饰,所以只能用that引导。当one 没有被the only或the very等修饰时,则介词of后面的the film prize s是先行词,从句中的谓语动词就必须用复数,而且引导词既可用that也可用which(第二例。总之,当引导词在句子中作主语时,谓语动词的单、复数形式应该与该主语保持一致。定语从句与六种易混句型巧区分定语从句是高

12、中阶段的重点语法项目之一。因此,有必要全面弄清其用法。定语从句从句型上讲,它与六种句式相似,十分容易混淆,现将其分类例析如下。一、定语从句与并列句1.定语从句与并列句的主要区别在于:并列句有像and,but, so等并列连词或两个句子用分号连接,这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。2.用一个恰当的词完成下列句子,使之完整与正确。Mr Li has three daughters,none of _ is an engineer.Mr Li has three daughters,but none of _ is a dancer.Mr Li has three daughters;_ are

13、 doctors.解析:从结构上看,小题是定语从句,故填whom;小题有并列连词but,是并列句,故填代词them;小题是两个并列分句,无需连接词,缺少主语,故填none或they。二、定语从句与地点状语从句1.定语从句与地点状语从句的主要区别在于:定语从句有表示地点的先行词,而地点状语从句则没有;定语从句的关系词根据需要可用“介词+which”来代替where,而地点状语从句则通常只能由where引导。2.用一个恰当的词完成下列句子,使之完整与正确。Rice doesn't grow well _ there is not enough water.I still remember

14、the farm _ my parents worked ten years ago.解析:从结构上看,小题无表示地点的先行词,故为表示地点的状语从句,填where;小题中the farm是先行词,是定语从句,故填where,此处的where可用on which替换。三、定语从句与强调句1.定语从句与强调句的主要区别在于:强调句的结构为“It is /was+被强调部分+that+从句”。被强调部分可以是除谓语以外的任何成分,当被强调部分是人时,还可用who代替that。这一句型中,一定不能因为被强调部分是表时间或地点的词就用when或where代替that。2.用一个恰当的词完成下列句子,使

15、之完整与正确。It is on the morning of May 1st _ I met Liang Wei at the airport.It is the factory _ Mr Wang works.解析:从结构上看,小题是强调句,故填that。此种情况检测的标准是:先把强调句中的It is/was去掉,再把被强调部分还原,在不增加或减少任何单词的情况下,如句子仍然成立则为强调句,否则为定语从句。将第小题改为:I met Liang Wei on the morning of May 1st at the airport.显然,这句话是正确的,故为强调句。小题则是定语从句,用上述方

16、法转换便知the factory 前差个介词in,故填where。四、定语从句与结果状语从句1.定语从句与结果状语从句的主要区别在于(这里只讨论the same.as/that和such.as/that两种情况:在这两种情况下,如果as/that既引导从句,同时又在从句中充当一定的成分,则as/that引导的是定语从句。2.用一个恰当的词完成下列句子,使之完整与正确。Ihave the same computer _ you have.She is such a kind and funny girl _ all of us like to make friends with her.解析:在

17、the same.as/that结构中,用as指一样的,但不是同一个事物;用that指同一物品,故小题填as;如果as/that 在从句中不作任何成分,只起连接作用,则as/that引导的是结果状语从句,故小题填that。五、定语从句与习惯句型用一个恰当的词完成下列句子,使之完整与正确。It is the first time _ she has been in Shanghai.It was the time _ Chinese people had a hard life.解析:这里小题是一个习惯句型,其结构为:It is/was the first/second .time +that从句。故填that,其意为:这是她第一次在上海。小题the time是先行词,其后是表示时间的定语从句,故填when。六、定语从句与单句1、含有定语从句的复合句与两