省略(知识梳理)

1、.省略真题再现1. That is why I help brighten peoples days. If you _ , whos to say that another person will? A. did not B. do not C. were not D. have not2. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if regularly, can improve our health. A. being carried out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to ca

2、rry out3. Every evening after dinner, if not from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. A. being tiredB. tiring C. tired D. to be tired 4. Some of you may have finished unit one. _, you can go on to unit two. A. If you may B. If you do C. If not D. If so 5. Who should be responsible for the a

3、ccident?The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order .A. as toldB. as are toldC. as tellingD. as they told1. B。句意：那就是为什么我要改善人们的生活。假如你不改善人们的生活，谁能说别的人愿意改善人们的生活呢？if引导的条件状从的主句和从句都针对上文省略了。2. C。本句的句子的主语是the experiment；谓语动词是shows；that引导宾语从句, 宾语从句的主干事：proper amounts of exercise can improve our

4、 health, if_ regularly是插入的条件从句, 从句的主语是proper amounts of exercise, 此时应用it代替前面提到的主语, 条件句的主语与主句的主语一致, 并且含有is, 故省略了it is, 完好形式是：if it is carried out。句意为：这项实验说明, 适当的运动, 假如有规律的进展, 可以有助于我们的身体安康。3. C。在if引导的条件状语从句中, 从句中复原应为if I am not tired from work, 根据省略的原那么, 所以答案选C。4. D。If so = If you have done that / so你

5、们中的一些人可能已经完成第一单元, 假如是这样的话, 你们可以继续第二单元。5. A。此题考察状语从句的省略。as told=as they were told, 此处是as引导的方式状语从句的省略。当从句主语与主句主语一致, 且谓语动词含有be时, 将从句的主语和be省略。又因为workers与tell之间是被动关系, 排除C、D。知识讲解为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可省略。省略可分以下几种情况：简单句中的省略1.省略主语：祈使句中主语通常省略。其他省略主语多限于一些现成的说法。I Thank you for your help. 括号内为省略的词语,下同ISee you tomo

6、rrow.It Doesnt matter.2.省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。Ill say.A word about your composition. There is No smoking.Is there Anything wrong?Why do you not say hello to him? Have youGot a light? 3.省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保存to。Jack didnt pass the driving test，but he still hope to.Are you going there?Id like to go there.He did not

7、give me the chance, though he had promised to give me the chance.注意：假如该宾语是be动词或完成时态，那么须在to之后加上be或have。Are you an engineer? No, but I want to be.He hasnt finished the task yet. Well, he ought to have.4.省略表语。Are you thirsty? Yes, I am thirsty.5.同时省略几个成分。Lets meet at the same place as we met yesterday.

8、Have you finished your work?I have Not finished my work yet.并列句中的省略两个并列分句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中一样的部分。My father is a doctor and my mother is a nurse.I study at college and my sister studies at high school.The girls are very hard-working; the boys are very hard-working too.The news made some people happy, b

9、ut it made some other people sad. 主从复合句中的省略在含有状语从句的复合句中，假设从句的主句是it或与主句的主语一样，且在谓语中含有be时，常省略从句的主语和be。时间状语从句：I met her while I was walking on the street.Often she would cry when she was alone.Whenever it is possible, the children should play outside in the fresh air.Once it was a poor island, Hainan no

10、w has become a hot tourist resort.条件状语从句：I wont go there unless Im invited.Ill go with you if its possible/necessary.His opinion, whether its right or wrong, should be considered.If you are in doubt, ask at your local library.让步状语从句：Though its not large, the room was well lit.Although he is still yo

11、ung, his hair turns grey.Things were beginning to improve, even if/though they were not quickly enough.方式状语从句：Things didnt go as they were expected.He glanced about as if he was in search of something.地点状语从句：Avoid structures of this kind wherever it is possible.Fill in blanks with articles where it

12、is necessary.比较状语从句：John plays football as well as, if not better than, David.Ive never heard a better voice.He dislikes it as we.He loved her more than ever.I shall come along as often as possible.其他省略连词that的省略：宾语从句中常省略连词that，但也有不能省略的情况参看“名词性从句等有关部分。在定语从句中，that在从句中作宾语时可省略。引导主语从句、同位语从句、同位语从句等的连词that

13、一般不可省略。 不定式符号to的省略1. 并列的不定式可省去后面的to。I told him to sit down and to wait for a moment.2. 某些使役动词如let, make, have及感官动词如see, watch, notice, hear, feel和listen to等后面作宾语补足的不定式一定要省去to，但在被动语态中须把to复原。I saw the boy fall from the tree.The boy was seen to fall from the tree.3. 在can not but, can not choose but, do

14、 nothing but.， can't help but.， prefer to do rather than do .，would do. rather than.之后的动词不定式一般不带to；but之前有实义动词do的某个形式do, does, did, done 而且其宾语是something，nothing，anything和everything等不定代词时，也不带to, 否那么要带to。The boy did nothing but play.4. 动词不定式在like, love, care, want, hope, wish, expect, prefer, refus

15、e, decide, mean, intend, try, promise等动词后作宾语时，为了防止重复，常承前省略不定式后的内容，但要保存不定式符号to。Did you get a ticket? No, I meant to get one, but there weren't any left.特别注意：want, like用在 when, if, what，as 引导的从句中，其后的to也常可省略I've decided to do what I like.5. 在why, why not 引导的特殊问句中后跟省略to的动词不定式。Why talk so much ab

16、out it?Why not try it again?if省略连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序有变化参见“倒装句有关部分主句与从句各有一些成分省略The sooner you do it, the better it will be. 5.根据不同语境可省略不同成分。如：only if，if only Only if he turns over a new leaf. 除非他重新做人。If only I could be master of this subject.6.特殊疑问句的省略。Where to? =Where are you going to?What for? W

17、hat do you come here for? Why not do it? =Why dont you do it?How/What about sb doing sth.? Whats on tonight? Whats up? 8.命令和恳求No talking！Silent, everybody!高考常考到的省略形式一、并列句的省略在并列句中，假如所连接的两个句子有一样的句子成分，在不影响句意表达的情况下，通常可以省略后一成分中的一样成分，以使句子简洁。Some came by land and some by water.一些人从陆路来，也有一些从水路来。二、宾语从句的省略宾语从句的省略通常只保存引导宾语从句的连接代词或连接副词。I have left my keys somewhere and I dont exactly where.三、状语从句的省略当状语从句和主句主语一样并且从句谓语动词包含be时，通常可以省略从句的主语和动词be。这类状语从句涉及时间、条件、让步、地点、方式等状语从句。If caught, the