英语八年级上册Unit 8 知识点详解

1、.Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake? 1. How do you make a banana milk shake? 你怎样制作香蕉奶昔？【解析】本句是一个特殊疑问句，由特殊疑问词how引导的，how“怎样，如何 ，用于提问动作的方式，方法，手段e.g. How did you find it? 你是怎样发现它的？make made made v. 制，做其后可接双宾语，即make sb. sth.或make sth. for sb.意为“为某人制作某物e.g. Lucy made a beautiful card for me. 露西为我制

2、作了一张漂亮的卡片。make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事e.g. Our teacher made us listen to him carefully. 我们的老师让我们仔细地听他说。与make有关的短语：make dumplings 包饺子 make a kite 做风筝 make a banana milk shake 制作香蕉奶昔 make faces 做鬼脸 make friends 交朋友 make the bed 整理床铺 make mistakes 犯错 make up 编造 make room 腾出地方milk shake意为“奶昔，此处shake作名词，意为“奶昔

3、shake shook , shaken v. 摇动； 抖动shake hands with sb. 和某人握手shake ones head 摇头e.g. The two men shook hands with each other. 那两个人互相握了握手。 When you can't answer this question，shake your head. 当你不会答复这问题时，摇摇头。 2. Turn on the blender. 翻开果汁机。【解析】本句是一个祈使句。祈使句表示恳求、命令、建议、制止等。说话的对象大多为第二人称you，且常被省略。句末用感慨号或句号，读时

4、用降调。否认句常在动词前加don't。e.g. Please don't turn on the blender. 请不要翻开果汁机。turn on “翻开，其反义词组是turn off 意为“关上。它们是“动词副词构成的短语动词，宾语是代词时应放在turn 与on 或off 中间。e.g. I want to watch TV. Please turn it on. 我想看电视。请翻开它。与turn有关的短语：1turn on 翻开，指把电器，水龙头等翻开 2turn off 关掉 3turn up 把声音调大 反 turn down 把声音调小 4turn right/le

5、ft 向右转/左转 5turn to 翻到 6take turn to do sth. 轮流做某事 7Its ones turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事3. Cut up the bananas. 切碎香蕉。【解析】cut cut cut v. 切，割 cut up意为“切碎，相当于o pieces e.g. Please help me cut up the apples. 请帮我把苹果切碎。与cut有关的短语：cut into 把切割成 cut down 砍倒 cut in 插嘴 cut off 切断，砍掉 cut ones hair 理发与up有关的短语：put

6、 up 张贴；搭起；举起 use up 用尽 eat up 吃光 give up 放弃 get up 起床 wake up 醒来 stay up 熬夜 dress up 装扮；乔装打扮 grow up 长大；成熟；成长 take up 占据；开场从事 4. Peel three bananas. 剥三根香蕉。【解析】peel 1 v. 剥皮，削皮 peel sb. sth.=peel sth. for sb. 为某人削水果皮 2 n. 水果皮 apple peel 苹果皮 orange peel 香蕉皮5. Pour the milk into the blender. 将牛奶倒入搅拌器。【解

7、析】pour v. 倒，灌 pour into 把.倒进 pour out 把倒出 pour sth. for sb.意为“给某人倒某物e.g. Please pour the water into the cup. 请把水倒入杯中。 Please pour the cold water out . 请把冷水倒出来。 Could you please pour some water for me? 请给我倒些水好吗？【辨析】in/ into in 是表示物体位置的静态介词 into 是表示动作方向的动态介词。“ 到里； 进入里 。表示方向，后跟表地点的名词， 前面常有动词, 常与表示动作的动词

8、come; go ; run等连用。反义词为out of “从里出来e.g. She walked into the room. 他走进了房间。 She is walking in the room. 他正在房间里踱来踱去。 6. Put the bananas and ice-cream in the blender. 把香蕉和冰激凌放进搅拌器。【解析】put put put v. 放，放置 put on 把.放在上 put in 把 放在里 put into把 放在里 e.g. Put your book on the desk. 把你的书放在桌子上。 Dont put too much

9、salt in the soup. 不要在汤里放太多的盐。与put相关的短语：put up 张贴 put away 把拾掇好 put on 穿上 put off 推延7. How many bananas do we need? 我们需要多少香蕉？【解析】1 how many + 可数名词复数意为“多少 ，常用来对可数名词的数量提问2 how much+不可数名词意为“多少，常用来对不可数名词的数量提问，还可以对物品的价格提问e.g. How much water do you need? 你需要多少水？ How many cups of water do you need? 你需要多少杯水？

10、 How much are they? 它们值多少钱？8. We need three bananas. 我们需要三根香蕉。【解析】need v. 需要用于肯定句，是实义动词。1人做主语，sb. need to do sth.意为“某人需要做某事2物做主语，sth. need doing sth.= sth. need to be donee.g. Students need to have a good rest in studying. 在学习方面学生需要有一个好的休息。 Dont throw away the waste paper. It needs collecting so tha

11、t it can be reused. 不要乱扔废纸，它需要被搜集以致于可以被再次使用。用于否认句或疑问句，是情态动词。1neednt = dont have to意为“没有必要2need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must，否认答复用neednte.g. We _ use mobile phones when the plane takes off. A. may not B. shouldnt C. neednt D. mustnt Must we take out the trash now? _. You can do it after class. A. Yes , y

12、ou must B. No ,you cant C. Yes, you may D. No, you neednt9. We need one cup of yougurt. 我们需要一杯酸奶。【解析】不可数名词的“量的表达方式：不可数名词没有复数形式，在表达它的量时， 常用容器或质量的计算单位来表示，即：“数词+ 量词+ of +不可数名词。假设数词大于1时，只需要把不可数名词前面的量词变为复数。a cup of 一杯 two cups of 两杯a teaspoon of 一茶匙 two teaspoons of 两茶匙a slice of 一片 two slices of 两片a kil

13、o of 一公斤 five kilos of 五公斤e.g. We have bought two _ for the coming party. A. box of apple B. boxes of apples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple10. Lets make fruit salad. 咱们制作水果沙拉吧。 Let me think. We need two apples. 让我想想. 我们需要两个苹果。【解析】Lets do sth.意为“让我们一起做某事，用来表示说话者的建议 肯定答复：OK./All right./Thats a goo

14、d idea./Yes ,lets 否认答复：Sorry, I cant let sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事11. Next, put the beef, carrots and potatoes into a pot and add some water. 下一步，把牛肉、胡萝卜和土豆放在锅中并加上一些水。【解析】add v增加；添加 add.to.意为“把加到中去；往中加。 add to add作不及物动词用表示“增加；添加，其中to是介词，后接名词或代词 add up to意为“总共是；总计为e.g. Please add some salt to the food. 请给

15、食物里面加点盐。 If you add 4 to 6, you get 10. 4加6等于10。 The flowers add to the beauty of the city. 这些花增添了这所城市的美。 All of these add up to 20. 所有这些总共是20。12. No, one more thing. Finally ,dont forget to add some salt. 不，还有一件事。最后别忘了放点盐。【解析】more 又；再，与another同义 数词more n.another数词n. They stayed there two more days.

16、They stayed there another two days. 他们在那里又待了两天。forget v. 忘记 forget to do sth. 忘记做某事事情未做 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事事情已做e.g. Dont forget _close the door when you leave. I forget closing the window. 13. Finally, turn on the blender. 最后，翻开搅拌器。【解析】finally adv. 最后地 final adj. 最终的 同义短语是：at last；in the end。fi

17、nally可位于句首、句中或句末。位于句中时，要放在be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前。表示做某事的先后顺序时可用first，next，then，finally。e.g. I finally finished my homework. 我终于完成了我的作业。14. Do you know how to plant a tree? 你知道如何栽树吗？【解析】how to plant a tree是“疑问词 + 动词不定式构造，在句中作谓语动词know的宾语。动词不定式常与what, how, where, when等疑问词连用，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。e.g. When to st

18、art is not decided yet. 什么时候动身还没有决定。作主语 I dont know how to use this mechine. 我不知道怎么用这台机器。作宾语 The question is what to do next. 问题是下一步做什么。作表语【拓展】“疑问词 + 动词不定式的常见考点：“疑问词 + 动词不定式的同义转换I dont know what I shoud do next. I dont know waht to do next. 我不知道接下来做什么。动词后面是否加介词I didnt decide which room to live in. 我

19、没有决定住哪个房间。动词后面是否需要宾语I dont know what to do. 我不知道做什么。15. First, dig a hole. 首先，挖一个坑。【解析】dig此处用作及物动词，意为“挖地；凿洞；挖土，过去式为dug，过去分词为digginghole n. “洞；坑；孔典例精讲1. I want to watch the ball game. Can you _ the TV? A. open B. close C. turn on D. turn off 2. The meat is too big. Lets cut _. A. them up B. it up C.

20、up them D. up it3. _ the books in the bookcase, Jerry. A. Put B. To put C. Putting D. Puts4. Look! There are _ on the desk. A. four cup of tea B. four cup of teas C. four cups of teas D. four cups of tea5. _ are the mushrooms? Two yuan a kilo. A. How much B. How many C. What D. How6. You _ get up so

21、 early, but you must go to work on time. A. mustnt B. have to C. may D. neednt7. Here is a _ for a great beef sandwich! A. way B. recipe C. idea D. bowl8. _, cut up two apples, then put them into the blender. Finally turn on the blender. A. And B. Next C. First D. Then9. Would you like some yogurt?

22、_. A. Yes, I would B. No, thanks C. Thank you D. It doesnt matter10. How much yogurt do we need? We need _.A. one B. two C. one cup D. two cups举一反三完成以下句子1. 我们需要多少酸奶？_ _ _ do we need?2. 让我们制作水果沙拉吧。lets _ _ _.3. 你会做草莓奶昔吗？Can you _ _ _ _ _?重排以下句子，成为一段完好的对话。A. First, put the water into the pot.B. Next,

23、put the noodles into the pot and cook for ten minutes.C. How many noodles do we need? D. How much water do we need?E. How do we make egg noodles?F. What do we do next?G. Five bowls. H. Half a kilo. I. Finally, put the egg into the pot and cook for another five minutes.补全以下空格1. -_ _ bananas do you bu

24、y? -Three kilos.2. - _ _ bread do we need? -Three pieces.3. _ _ not play computer games, Jack!4. There is an orange on the table. 对划线部分提问 _ _ oranges are there on the table?5. -_ _ tomato sauce is there in the bottle? -A little.1. First, put some butter on a piece of bread. 首先，在一片面包上涂一些黄油。【解析】piece

25、n. 片；块；段它是可数名词。表示不可数名词的量时，可用“基数词pieces of不可数名词。e.g. There are two pieces of bread on the table. 桌子上有两块面包。 How many pieces of sandwiches do you need? 你需要多少片三明治？2. In most countries，people usually eat traditional food on special holidays.在大多数国家，人们通常在特殊的节日吃传统的食物。【解读】traditional adj. 传统的；惯例的e.g. Chinese

26、 traditional medicine is popular in the world. 在世界上，中国的传统医药是很受欢送的。【拓展】tradition n. 传统；惯例；规矩e.g. It is a tradition that the young look after the old in China. 在中国，年轻人照顾老年人是一个传统。3. .and is a time to give thanks for good in the autumn. ···是一个感恩秋季收获食物的季节。【解析】动词不定式to give thanks for food i

27、n the autumn在句中作定语，修饰前面的名词time。动词不定式短语假设在句中作定语，常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后，即作后置定语。e.g. Spring is the best time to fly kites. 春天是放风筝最好的时节。give thanks for sth.意为“对某事表示感谢【拓展】give thanks to sb.意为“对某人表示感谢e.g. Id like to give thanks for your help. 对你的帮助，我深表谢意。 They gave thanks to the old man. 他们对这位老人表示感谢。autumn名词，意为“秋

28、天；秋季，相当于fall。in autumn意为“在秋天/季；in the autumn指在当年的秋天4. At this time, people also remember the first travelers from England who came to live in America about 400 years ago. 此时，人们也回忆起约400年前从英格兰迁来美洲生活的首批漂泊者。【解析】who came to live in America about 400 years ago是由关系代词who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词travelerstraveler n. 漂泊者

29、；旅行者；游客,也可表达为：travellertravel v. 旅行e.g. Every year, many travelers come to China to visit the Great Wall. 每年，许多游客来中国参观长城。 Where are you going to travel this summer holiday? 今年暑假你打算去哪儿旅行？5. These days, most Americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by having a big meal at home with their f

30、amily.如今，许多美国人仍然庆贺这个给予感恩的主意，他们通过和家人在家吃大餐进展庆贺。【解析】本句是简单句。by having a big meal at home with their family是介词短语作状语。celebrate v. 庆贺；庆贺，其后接事物。 celebration n. 庆贺活动；典礼e.g. We're celebrating our grandfather's eightieth birthday. 我们正在庆贺祖父的80岁生日。“by + v.-ing形式意为“通过做···，常用来答复How do you.?或

31、How can I.?等问句。family意为“家人【拓展】family指家庭这个整体时，意为“家；家庭时，谓语动词用单数形式；指家庭成员时，意为“家人时，谓语动词用复数形式。e.g. Jims family is small. Her family are all here.6. Here is one way to make turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner. 这是为感恩节大餐制作火鸡的一种方法。【解析】one way to do sth.意为“做某事的一种方式或方法，其中动词不定式短语作名词way的后置定语，该构造相当于one way of doing s

32、th.e.g. Do you know a good way to learn English? = Do you know a good way of learning English? 你知道学习英语的好方法吗？7. First, mix together some bread pieces, onions, salt and pepper. 首先，把一些面包屑、洋葱、盐和胡椒粉混合在一起。【解析】mix.and.意为“把···和···混合，其中mix此处用作及物动词，意为“使混合；交融【拓展】mix up意为“混合；混淆e.g.

33、 She mixed the butter and sugar together. 她把黄油和糖拌在了一起。 Lets mix up the two kinds of seeds. 让我们把这两种种子混合在一起吧。 8. Next，fill the turkey with this bread mix. 下一步，用面包混合物填满火鸡。【解析】fill v. 使 充满；装满fill.with.意为“用···装满···【拓展】full形容词，意为“满的，be full of意为“充满···，与be fille

34、d with同义e.g. He filled the box with apples. 他用苹果把盒子装满。 The glass is filled with water.The glass is full of water. 玻璃杯里装满了水。9. Then, put the turkey in a hot oven and cook it for a few hours. 然后，把火鸡放入一个热烤箱烤上几个小时。 【解析】a few意为“一些；几个，修饰可数名词复数，相当于several或some，表示肯定含义【辨析】a few, few, a little和little修饰可数名词复数修

35、饰不可数名词肯定一些；几个a fewa little否认几乎没有fewlittlee.g. There are a few eggs in the fridge, so I neednt buy any at once. There are few eggs in the fridge, so I must buy some. I can only speak a little French. 我只会说一点法语。 Theres little rice in the bowl. 碗里没多少米饭了。10. When it is ready，place the turkey on a large p

36、late and cover it with gravy. 当它准备好后，把火鸡放在一个大盘上，覆盖上肉汁。【解析】cover v. 遮盖；覆盖n覆盖物；盖子 作动词时，可构成短语 cover.with.意为“用把覆盖。 be covered with.被所覆盖 作名词，意为“封面；覆盖物；盖子e.g. She covered the table with a cloth. 她用一块布把桌子盖起来。 The playground is covered with snow. 操场被雪覆盖了。 I don't like the metal cover. 我不喜欢这个金属盖子。11. Fin

37、ally，serve it to your friends with some other food. 最后，伴着其他食物把它端给你的朋友们。【解析】serve v接待；效劳；提供常用短语：serve sb. sth.serve sth. to sb.意为“用某物招待某人service n. 效劳；接待 servant n仆人e.g. If you come here，I can serve you the best food. 假如你来这儿，我会用最好的食物招待你。 Can you serve milk shake to me? 你能用奶昔招待我吗？12. Then, cook it at

38、a very high temperature for a long time. 然后，以高温长时间烘烤。【解析】temperature名词，意为“温度，at a very high/low temperature意为“以高温/低温；在高温/低温下【拓展】temperature还可意为“气温，对气温进展提问用whattake ones temperature意为“量某人的体温the tempurature of意为“···的温度13. To make this special food, you need to have rice noodles, chicken

39、 soup, chicken, lettuce and eggs. 为做这种特别的食物，你需要有米线、鸡汤、鸡肉、生菜和鸡蛋。【解析】动词不定式短语to make this special food在本句中作目的状语。动词不定式短语作目的状语可位于句首，与后面的句子常用逗号隔开，意为“为了做某事。e.g. To buy her favorite book, she went to the bookshop on foot. 为了买她最喜欢的书，她步行去了书店。14. Then, make the chicken soup very hot, over 100. 然后，将鸡汤烧到很热，超过100

40、摄氏度。【解析】“make + 宾语 + 形容词表示“使···怎么样，其中形容词作宾语补足语【拓展】make sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事e.g. Try to make your bedroom tidy. 尽量使你的卧室整洁。 The maneger made the workers work the whole night. 经理让工人们工作了一整晚。15. Now, its time to enjoy the rice noodles！ 如今就是好好享用米线的时刻了！【解析】“Its time for sb. to do sth.为固定句型，意

41、为“到某人做某事的时间了【拓展】“Its time for sth.也是一个常用句型，意为“到做某事的时间了。for是介词，后常接名词或代词e.g. Its time for us to have a rest. 到我们休息的时间了。 Its time for dinneer. 到吃晚饭的时间了。 典例精讲1. Its getting dark. Can you _ the light? A. turn off B. turn on C. turn over2. _ yogurt do you need? One teaspoon. A. How many B. How much C. Whi

42、ch3. The baby can eat _ bread for breakfast. A. two B. many of C. two slices of4. I have _ bananas in the fridge. A. a lot B. many C. much5. Would you like _ relish on the bread? A. manyB. any C. some课堂小测单项选择 1. Do you like _ onions in _ sandwich? No, I dont. A. an; the B. the; an C. /; aD. the; / 2

43、. When is Childrens Day? _ June 1st _ each year. A. In; /B. On; /C. In; onD. On; in 3. Do you need some _? Oh, yes. The coffee is too strong. A. sugar B. lettuceC. salt D. yogurt 4. Why did you make this birthday cake? _ today is your birthday! A. IfB. WhenC. ThoughD. Because 5. First he washed his

44、clothes, and then cleaned the house. _ he cooked lunch. A. Finally B. QuicklyC. ClearlyD. Loudly 6. The weekend is coming. And its time _. A. relaxB. relaxingC. to relaxingD. to relax 7. The _ food for Chinese to eat on the Dragon Boat Festival is zong zi. A. expensive B. impossibleC. traditionalD.

45、primary 8. _ honey do we need? Two cups. A. How much B. How many C. How far D. How long 9. How will you _ the holiday? We will have parties. A. shakeB. celebrate C. coverD. discuss 10. Please _ the computer for me. I want to check my e-mails. OK. A. turn onB. cut upC. turn offD. cut down 11. There _

46、 any meat. Lets buy some. A. isnt B. arentC. is D. are 12. Would you like something to eat? Just _ bread. A. a bottle ofB. a cup ofC. a spoon ofD. a piece of 13. _ the table _ a cloth, or it will get dirty. A. Fill; withB. Send; to C. Cover; withD. Give; to 14. Mike forgot _ the window before leavin

47、g. Oh, there is rain water everywhere in the room. A. to closing B. to closeC. closeD. closed 15. Lets go for a walk. Well, I dont like to go walking. _. A. I dont think so B. Good idea C. It sounds boringD. Dont worry31-35 CBADA 36-40 DCABA 41-45 ADCBC回顾小结今天你学到了什么？课后作业完形填空 There was a special burge

48、r汉堡包. She had many lives and would never 1 . Each day she woke up, and waited her turn to be cooked by the 2 . After someone ate her, she seemed to be sleeping. The next day, it would 3 again.But one day, she heard a customer 顾客 called her “junk food. Then she understood why most of her favorite customers were unhealthy. She decided to do 4 to change 改变 it.The next day, a boy picked her and opened his 5 to eat her. After he finished eating, he said, “This burger doesnt taste as 6 as before.That was 7 plan. When