说明文类书面表达写作技巧

1、. 说明文类书面表达题型介绍近年高考书面表达说明文范文很广，可以是个人简历、方位说明、介绍某地某物等等，以说明为主要表达形式，介绍事物或阐释事物的特征、性质、原理、功用等。从形式看，可以以提纲的形式提供信息，也有看图写作。说明文写作三要素1. 准确把握说明对象及其特征2. 理清顺序，层次清楚；3. 语言准确，简洁得体。解题技巧说明文的写作方法可以有以下几种方法：比照：通过比照可以突出要说明事物，从而使读者更深化地理解事物的特征。比照的表达形式主要有：1. while 2. in comparison to3. compared with/ to 4. in comparison5. in co

2、ntrast 相比球类运动和其它流行体育工程，慢跑更有效，且不那么耗时。In comparison with/ Compared with ball games and other popular sports, jogging is more efficient and less time-consuming.与传统贺卡相比，电子贺卡有许多优点。Compared with the paper ones, electronic cards have a large number of advantages. 举例：运用生活中粗浅的事例来说明比较复杂的事情，使读者更清楚地理解被说明事物。举例表达

3、手段有：1. such as/ like/ such.as. 后接名词、动名词, 不能接句子和动词原形2. For instance/ For example 有标点, 后接句子3. Take sb. or sth. for example/ Take sb. or sth. as an example 用于举一个例子很多中国学生面临很多体质问题，诸如肥胖、近视等。Many Chinese students are facing a number of physical problems, such as /like obesity and short-sightedness, etc.推理：

4、分析原因，用结果来证实所说明事物。分析原因的常用表达有：介词短语：because of, due to, owing to, thanks to, for the reason that+从句从句：because, as, since, so.that.句型：The reason for/why.is that. 的原因是 The change in. largely results from the fact that. A number of factors could account for the.部分大学吸引力下降的原因是部分大学办学质量差、学生上学学费高、毕业生就业难等。The r

5、eason why some colleges have become less attractive is that the educational quality of some colleges is poor, the tuition fee is high and its hard for college graduates to get jobs.Due to the poor educational quality of some colleges, high tuition fees and difficult employment for college graduates,

6、 some colleges have become less attractive. 人们饮食的变化原因：原因一：人们富裕，有钱买贵重食品;原因二：人们更加注意食品的质量, 好的食品对身体有益。Why are there changes in peoples diet? I think there are two reasons. First of all, people are becoming rich and they have more money to buy more expensive food with better nutrition. The second reason

7、is that people pay more attention to the quality of food, because they know good food is of great benefit to their health.使用同位语：同位语主要用于介绍人物、事物、地点、产品、书名等。同位语可以把一些“零碎的信息组合为一个信息量比较大的句子。书名：Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother Amy Chua, 美籍华人, 耶鲁大学教授中文版：2019年初开场在中国销售A book, Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother, wri

8、tten by Amy Chua, an American-Chinese, has been sold in China since the beginning of 2019. Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother作a book的同位语, an American-Chinese作Amy Chua的同位语去年, 我被邀请参加一个为“待援助的孩子Tuesday Child举办的一个狂欢节carnival, “待援助的孩子是一个帮助艾滋患儿的组织。Last year, I was invited to participate in a carnival for Tues

9、day Child, an organization that helps children with AIDS姓名：Steve Jobs别名：苹果教父godfather出生地：美国加州三藩市San Francisco出生日期：1955年2月24日逝世日期：2019年10月5日 Steve Jobs, the godfather of Apple, was born in San Francisco, California, the USA on February 24th, 1955 and passed away on October 5th, 2019. 【链接高清：例二 求职信】求职信

10、写作假定你是李华，将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业。你从报纸上得知B&B公司要招聘一名英语秘书，你很感兴趣。请给该公司写一封求职信，包括以下要点：1. 年龄2. 学习情况及英语程度3. 兴趣和特长4. 性格特点Dear Sir/Madam,I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary. Im really interested in this position and hope I can work for you.Im 18 years old and will be graduati

11、ng from Xinxing Foreign Languages School this July. Im an excellent student, among the top 5 in my class of 50 students. Im good at English, especially spoken English. I often use the computer and I type very fast. In my spare time, I read a lot. Poems are my favorite. I enjoy music very much, too.

12、Being an active young person, I like sports and outdoor activities. Besides, Im easy to get along with and I like to make friends.Im looking forward to your reply. Sincerely yours, Li Hua建议信写作假设你是高中生李越，有感于校园中存在的随意涂写to scribble和乱丢垃圾to litter的行为，请用英语给校长写一封100-120个词的信。信中应包括以下内容：1. 说明写信目的；2. 对这些行为进展批评；3

13、. 提出建议。Dear Mr. Headmaster,I am Li Yue, a student from Class 1, Senior II.写作目的 I am writing to draw your attention to some improper behavior among us students: littering and scribbling. 原因 It makes our school dirty and unpleasant, and does harm to the image of our school. 个人感觉 I always feel ashamed

14、whenever I see this.It is clearly not appropriate for a student to litter and scribble about.提建议I wonder if the school could place more dustbins around and set up specific rules against such behavior. At the same time, students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves

15、.感想I believe that, with the joint efforts of both teachers and students, our school will become a more enjoyable place in the near future. Thank you for your consideration. Yours faithfully, Li Yue例文分析陈假设琳，1992年12月12日生于江苏南通。4岁开场练习跳水。她抑制困难，艰辛训练。拼搏精神指引她成功，在2019年伦敦奥运会上获得两枚金牌。请你结合陈假设琳的事例，并根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短

16、文，谈谈你对拼搏精神的看法。拼搏精神的意义 1.鼓励我们直面困难； 2.竭力实现目的，走向成功；如何培养拼搏精神1.要坚信人人都有获得成功的潜力；2.遇到挫折不气馁，从失败中学习；注意：1.对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译； 2.词数150左右；3.参考词汇：拼搏精神 fighting spirit 培养 cultivate 挫折setback本篇书面表达的要点：1. 陈假设琳，1992年12月12日生于江苏南通。2. 4岁开场练习跳水。3. 抑制困难，艰辛训练。4. 拼搏精神指引她成功，在2019年伦敦奥运会上获得两枚金牌。5. 拼搏精神的意义鼓励我们直面困难；竭力实现目的，走向成

17、功。6. 如何培养拼搏精神要坚信人人都有获得成功的潜力；遇到挫折不气馁，从失败中学习。习。习作讲评1 Chen Ruo Lin is our pride. She was born in 1992.12.12,遗漏出生地and started to swim when she was 4. 3 She overcame a great many difficulties and worked hard. 4 Fighting spirit instructed her succeed and she achieved two gold medals eventually.5 Whats the

18、 meaning of fighting spirit? 6 First, it inspires us facing the setback and difficulties bravely. 7Second, we should try our best to achieve our goals from the meaning of fighting spirit and then we will succeed. 8 Last, we can learn much such as cooperation from fighting.9How should we cultivate fi

19、ghting spirit? 10To begin with, we should be firmly convinced that everything is possible to succeed. 11 Whats more, we shouldnt be discouraged when we are in trouble. 12 Actually, at no time should we give up. 13 Last but not least, it is important for us to form the habit of finishing things witho

20、ut delaying. 14 We can succeed if we take measures to fight from now on.全文共14句156字，到达了题目所规定的要求。要点表达根本齐全，较好地完成了题目所规定的任务。优点：1. 习作根据作者自身程度较多使用了简单句。同时也注意使用并列句、复合句以及倒装句。本文使用了九个简单句包括一个倒装句，两个并列句，三个复合句，加之简单句比较长，使文章增加了可读性；2. 习作注意了过渡词、过渡句的使用。如to begin with, whats more, last but not least等，使文章表达连接。3. 习作注意了高级词汇

21、及句型的运用，使用使文章增色不少。如overcame, be firmly convinced, Actually, at no time should we give up, without delaying, last but not least, form the habit of等等。4. 习作注意运用了变通表达法。比方在表达“遇到挫折时，作者变通表达为“facing the setback和“when we are in trouble。5. 习作注意了动词时态的正确运用。如第一段介绍陈假设琳时用到了一般过去时。修改后的习作Chen Ruolin was born in Nanton

22、g, Jiangsu Province, on December 12, 1992 and started to swim when she was 4. She overcame a great many difficulties and worked hard. Fighting spirit led her to succeed and she won two gold medals at the 2019 London Olympic Games eventually.Whats the meaning of fighting spirit? First, it inspires us

23、 to face the setback and difficulties bravely. Second, it enables us to try our best to achieve our goals and makes us to succeed at last. Last, this quality encourages us to move forward, especially during our hard times.How should we cultivate fighting spirit? To begin with, we should be firmly co

24、nvinced that everyone is likely to succeed. Whats more, we shouldnt be discouraged when we are in trouble. Actually, at no time should we give up. Last but not least, it is very important for us to form the habit of finishing things without delaying.参考范文Born in Nantong, Jiangsu Province on December

25、12, 1992, Chen Ruolin took up diving at the age of four. Since then, she has been training hard and overcoming whatever difficulty that she meets. She won two gold medals at the 2019 London Olympic Games. It is her fighting spirit that has led her to success.In my opinion, fighting spirit plays an i

26、mportant role in our lives. It encourages us to move forward, especially during our hard times. This quality enables us to face difficulty bravely and never run away from it. Thus we can stick to our goals and succeed eventually.It is not easy to cultivate fighting spirit. Above all, we must hold a

27、belief that everyone has the potential to achieve success. We shouldnt be discouraged when faced with setbacks. Actually, failure can teach us a lot. Whats more, there are quite a few people with this spirit around us, from which we learn a lot.真题再现1. 你承受了一项写作任务，要为英语校报写一篇人物介绍。 写作内容：请根据以下信息，介绍一位传奇人物。

28、姓 名：Allan Stewart国 籍：澳大利亚出生日期：1915年3月7日世界纪录：2019年获硕士学位时年龄最大学习态度：挑战自我，永远为时不晚。第一个学位：1936年获得第二个学位：医学博士第三个学位：80多岁时决定学习法律，2019年获得硕士学位。第四个学位：2019年通过网络学习获得，擅长合理安排学习时间，受到老师表扬。硕士学位：masters degree; 博士：doctor写作要求：只能用5个句子表达全部内容评分标准：句子构造准确，信息内容完好，篇章连接。2. 假定你是李华。你班同学决定为小明举办生日聚会。请你写信邀请外教Susan参加，要点包括： 时间：周五晚8点至9点 地

29、点：学生俱乐部 内容：生日歌、蛋糕、游戏等 要求：备小礼物注意： 词数100左右，开头语已为你写好； 可以适当增加细节，以便行文连接；Hi, Susan,Were throwing a surprise party for Xiaomings birthday. _3. 假定你是李华，从互联网the Internet上得知一个国际中学生组织将在新加坡Singapore举办夏令营，欢送各国学生参加。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。内容主要包括：1.自我介绍包括英语才能;2.参加意图介绍中国、理解其他国家；3.希望获准。 注意：1.词数100左右： 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连接 3.邮件开头和结尾

30、已为你写好。Dear Sir or Madam, _ Regards, Li Hua答案与解析1. Allan Stewart, an Australian old man, born on March 7, 1915, is already the holder of the world record for being the oldest graduate. He thinks it is never too late to challenge oneself to achieve something worthwhile. He got his first degree in 1936

31、, later along with a doctors degree of medicine. He decided to study law in his eighties, and he got the masters degree in 2019, which was his third degree. In 2019, he received his fourth degree by network learning, who was praised for his proper arrangement on his schedule.2. Hi, Susan,Were throwing a surprise party for Xiaomings birthday. Wed like to