高考英语专题之现在分词

1、.如今分词 语法图解探究发现What did I learn about Chinese customs from my exciting exchange to China?What he did was amazing.Last time, when I visited China, we saw the tour guide wearing a very pretty fur coat on the day we left.Walking in the park, she met an old friend.Not knowing the phone number, we cannot

2、get in touch with her.我的发现以上五个句子中都含有一个如今分词，并且如今分词的作用各不一样：句exciting作定语，句amazing作表语，句wearing .作宾语补足语，句walking .作时间状语，句not knowing .作原因状语。如今分词由动词加ing形式构成，是分词的一种，在句子里面不能单独充当谓语，但能充当其他的一些成分，如定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。一、如今分词的形式如今分词的时态和语态形式如下：语态形式时态形式主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeing done完成时having donehaving been done1如今分词的一般式表示与

3、谓语动作同时发生的动作。We walked along the river bank, talking and laughing.我们沿河岸有说有笑地走着。2如今分词的完成式表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作。Having been ill for two weeks, she felt rather weak.由于病了两周，她感到身体非常虚弱。3如今分词的被动形式：如今分词的逻辑主语表示动作的承受者时用被动语态。1如今分词一般式的被动式表示正在进展的被动动作。This is one of the many dams being built along the river.这是沿河修筑的许多水坝之一

4、。2如今分词完成式的被动式表示在谓语动作之前发生的被动动作。Having been seriously injured in the accident, he had to be taken to the hospital immediately.在事故中受伤很严重，他不得不立即被送往医院。即时演练1用所给词的适当形式填空浙江高考改编Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it _perform live is quite another. 北京高考改编Last night, there were millions of p

5、eople _ watch the opening ceremony live on TV.江西高考改编_ spend nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel._ give such a good chance, how can I let it slip away?四川高考改编_ know which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.二、如今分词的句法功能1作定语1单个的如今分词作定语往往放在被修饰词的前面。2如今分词短语作定语

6、往往放在被修饰的词后面，相当于一个定语从句。The man speaking to us the other day has gone to Japan.那天同我们讲话的那个人已经去日本了。Do you know the number of people coming who will come to the party?你知道来参加晚会的人数吗？课堂点津如今分词的完成式一般不作定语。即时演练21用所给词的适当形式填空大纲卷改编Today there are more airplanes _ carry more people than ever before in the skies. 辽宁

7、高考改编Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail _ wait for her.2句型转换The students working in the country will be back tomorrow.The students _ will be back tomorrow.The building being built now will be our library.The building _ will be our library.2作表语如今分词作表语是

8、用来表示主语的特性、状态、情感等，具有形容词的特征。常见的有：exciting, interesting, disappointing, discouraging, encouraging, puzzling, amusing, confusing等。The news was very encouraging that Chinese golfer Guan Tianlang was set to become the youngest player at the Masters tournament.中国高尔夫选手关天朗成为大师赛中最年轻球员的消息非常鼓舞人心。The argument is

9、 very convincing. 这个论点很令人信服。即时演练3用所给词的适当形式填空The news was _ disappointThis story is very _ moveYour achievements are _ inspireThe man is _ annoy3作宾语补足语1如今分词通常作感官动词watch, observe, notice, see, hear, listen to, feel等、表示状态的动词keep, leave或“使役动词get, have, make的宾语补足语。此时，宾语是如今分词所表示动作的执行者；从时间上讲，它表示正在进展的动作或动作的

10、持续。I hear someone talking in the next room.我听到隔壁有人在谈话。we saw the steam rising from the wet clothes.我们看到蒸汽从湿衣服上升起来。2在“with/without名词/代词如今分词构造中，如今分词或如今分词短语作介词的宾语补足语。His hair became grey with the years passing.随着时间的推移，他的头发变花白了。Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window.没人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。即时演练4完成

11、句子许多人看到了船驶离了港口。observeMany people _ the harbor.不要让学生整天学习。haveDont _ all day.物价上涨如此快，以致于我们买不起一所新房子。with_ so fast, we cant afford a new house.4作状语如今分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、方式或伴随情况等。1如今分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词when, while等引出。While reading the book, he nodded from time to time.他一边看书，一边不时地点头。2如今分词短语作原因状语，相当

12、于一个原因状语从句。Not knowing his address, I cant send this book to him.因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书寄给他。3如今分词短语作结果状语，表示意料中的结果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money.他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。4如今分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky.他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。即时演练51用所给

13、词的适当形式填空北京高考改编The park was full of people, _ enjoy themselves in the sunshine.天津高考改编_ work for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. 重庆高考改编 Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way _ use the sun and the stars.福建高考改编_ spend the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong,

14、Linda appears more mature than those of her age.2句型转换After he had turned off the TV, he began to do his homework._ the TV, he began to do his homework.Because she hadnt received his reply, she decided to make a call to him._ his reply, she decided to make a call to him.The car was held up by the sto

15、rm and caused the delay.The car was held up by the storm, _.三、如今分词独立构造作状语假如作状语的如今分词的逻辑主语不和句子主语一致，分词就要带上自己的逻辑主语，构成分词独立构造。Class being over, the children went home.一放学，孩子们就回家了。All audience having taken their seats, the play began.所有观众就座之后，戏剧开场。四、如今分词独立成分作状语如今分词独立成分，一般已成为固定构造，表示说话人对所说内容所持的看法，其逻辑主语不要求同句子

16、主语一致。常用的有：judging from/by由判断generally speaking 一般说来，总的来说strictly/honestly/frankly speaking 严格/老实/坦率地说considering 考虑到Judging from his accent, he must be from the south.由口音判断，他一定是南方人。Considering his age, the child reads quite well.考虑到他的年龄，这个孩子读得很好。即时演练61用所给动词的适当形式填空江苏高考改编The lecture _give, a lively qu

17、estionandanswer session followed.The book _ write in simple English, it will be more popular.2完成句子_,_girls are better at language learning than boys.一般说来，女孩比男孩更擅长学习语言。_,_Ill go to see you.时间允许，我就去看你。His homework _,_the boy went out to play.他的作业尚未完成，这个男孩就出去玩了。.单句语法填空1江苏高考改编In art criticism, you must

18、assume the artist has a secret message _ hide within the work.2山东高考改编_ eat at the cafeteria before, Tina didnt want to eat there again. 3全国卷改编I got to the office earlier that day, _ catch the 7：30 train from Paddington. 4重庆高考改编When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, _ tell me stories til

19、l I fell asleep.5山东高考改编The room is empty except for a bookshelf _ stand in one corner. 6The question _ discuss is of great importance.7The US house price has risen by 12.4% over the 12 months to the end of July, completely _ ruinhis plan to buy another apartment.8Not _ know her address, I cant write

20、 to her.9They made a great effort to prepare the exhibition, _ hope to achieve a big success.10Dont leave the water _ run while you brush your teeth.11Weather _ permit，well have a picnic next Sunday.12The flowers _ smell sweet in the botanical garden attract many visitors.单句写作1全国卷标准范文_ 我们将在一起唱歌、跳舞、做游戏来度过美妙的光阴, which we hope will make them happy.2全国卷总分值作文In the newspaper of ou