般过去时态和现在完成时态的区别练习题

1、一般过去时态和现在完成时态的区别练习题1）一般过去时态表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时态中动作为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。如 :I saw this filmyesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）I have already seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知了）I haven t finished my work yet. （ 强调对现在的影响，还有工作要做，不能去玩） When did youfinish your homework? （ 询问过去的动作所发生的时间，与现在无关 ） 2）一

2、般过去时态表示动作在过去已经停止；现在完成时态表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在。如： Ann visited her uncle last weekend.（visit这个动作在过去已经停止） They have lived here since 1983.（live here 这个动作从1983年开始，一直延续到现在）3） 一般过去时态常用非延续性动词，如 borrow, buy, come, go,leave, start, die, finish, become 等。现在完成时态可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，与时间段连用时动词一般是延续性的， 如 keep, have, live, te

3、ach, learn, work, study, know,be 等。 如： He joined the League three years ago .（join 是短暂动词）He has been in the League for three years. （ be in 表状 态，在团内的状态可延续）He has been a League memberforthree years. （是团员的状态可延续）4）一般过去时态常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时态 通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时态的时间状语：yesterday, lastnight/week/month

4、/year ，ago, in1980, just now等，皆 为具体的时间状语.现在完成时态的时间状语：for+ 时间段 , since+ 过去的时间点/ 一般过去时态的句子, so far, , up to now, in thepast years, 等， 皆为不确定的时间状语。如： Tim wrotea letter to his brother last night.（ last night 为具体的过去时间状语，所以用一般过去时态）I ve learned English for three years .（ for three years 为时间状语，是个时间段，时间跨度大， 不

5、具体）学以致用1When you to learn to skate?Five years ago.A. do; start B. will; start现在完成时态详细讲解及其练习一、 现在完成时由“ have/has+ 过去 分词”构成，主要有两个含义：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果， 常用的时间状语有many times ， just ， yet ， ever ， never， just ，already ， so far, by now 等。I have already watched the TV play. 我已经看过这部电视剧了。（现在我对它不感兴趣了） Have yo

6、u found your lost pen yet? No, I haven t found it yet. （我很着急）表示动作或者状态在过去 已经开始，持续到 现在 ， 也许还将持续 下去。 用于 延续性动词， 常常与 so far 、 for 或者 since短语连用。since + 时间点 / 从句， for + 时间段，如for twomonths 等。二 、现在完成时态和一般过去时态的区别1) 现在完成时和 一般过去时都能表示过去发生过的动作，但现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影响， 并且表示这一动作已完成或还可能继续下去；2) 而 一般过去时与现在的情况没有联系 ， 仅表示过去的动

7、作，且这一动作到说话时已终止。因此现在完成时不能与表示明确的过去时间如：in1949 , yesterday , last week等的状语连用, 并且用when或where对这些时间和地点状语提问时，一般只 用一般过去时。三、在“ it is first/second.time that.。”或在“ it/this/that is the + 最高级+名词+that.。”结构中，that 从句中的动词常用现在完成时；在“it + be .+since从句”这一结构中， be 可用 一般现在时或现在完成时，since从句一般用过去时。现在完成时可以和带有since 或 for 等表示“一段时间

8、”的状语连用，表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。如：I haven't seen him for two years.但是，像come, arrive, buy 等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“ be (在)”等延续性 动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换：comearrive fbe heredie fbe deadbegin(st art) -be onbackfbe backfall川(sick,asleep)-be ill(sick,asleep)leave fbeaway get up fbe up finish

9、 fbe over open fbe open close fbe closedborrow fkeep 或 beon fbe in 或 be a member of go to school fbe astudent buy fhavecatc h(a cold) - have(acold) begin to study fstudy get to know fknowcome to work fwork 等 如： He has been a soldier for three years. 他参军三年了。他父亲去世二年His father has been dead for two yea

10、rs.The film has been on for ten minutes. 电影已开始十分 钟了。We have studied English for three years. 我们（开始） 学英语已三年了。几点注意事项（ 1） have been（to） 与 have gone（ to） 的区别： have been（to）表示“去过某地 （现在已经回来了） ”， 可用于 各人称； have gone（to） 表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，前者可与once , never, several times 等连用，后者则不能。He has been to Bei

11、jing. 他 去过 北京（已经回来了）He has gone to Beijing . 他 去 北京 了 。 （还没有回来）have/has been in 待在某地如： They have been in Beijing. 他们呆在北京。（ 2） 终止性 动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用 。 如：I haven't left here since 1997. 自从 1997 年以来，我一 直没有离开过这儿。现在完成时态练习题一 选择填空。（） 2. Her father in1990 and her husbandfor more

12、than five years.(B) has(A) died ,dead died, dead(C) died ,has been dead(D) has died, hasdied() 3. I have this nice watch for two years.(A) had(B) bought(C)borrowed(D) lend() his home for ten years.(A)has left(B)left from(C)has been away from(D)was away from() a league member for three years(A)is(B)h

13、as been(C)hasbecome (D)have become() 's brother has for two years(A)joined the army(C)become a soldier(B)been an army(D)been in the army() hasn't Quanzhou ever since he left school(A)left(B)beenaway(C)been(D)away二 选择填空() 1. Have you finished your homework Yes,I it last night(A)finish(B)finis

14、hed (C)have finished (D)will finish( ) 2. you ever to Nanjing Yes,I there last year. (A)Have gone, have gone(B)Did - go, went (C)Have - been , went (D)Did - go, has , been )() 3. When you Lucy in New York? I her for two years(A)did meet, haven'tseen (B)did meet, don't see(C) have met, haven&

15、#39;t seen() finished his homework yet .(C)( A) didn t (B)haven thasnt(D) doesn t ha ve()5. Have you traveled on the banch? Yes, I have.(A)just(B)yetC)never (D)ever()6. Have you finished your homework Not(A)ever (B)already .(C)yet(D)just.() 7 We haven't finished our homework ， .(A)already( (B)ev

16、er(C)yet(D)never()8. Have youlearned English? Yes, I've learned a lot.(A)never, ever(B)ever, never(C)ever, already(D)already. ever() 9. Have you finished your homework ? Yes, I've done that.(A)yet,already(B)already, yet (C)ever,never (D)still, just()'s father borrowed some pictures(A ) h

17、as just (B)have ever (C)has yet (D)have already三 用 since 和 for 填空(一)1) two years two years ago 2)last month 3) yesterday 4) an hour ago 5) she left here 6) 4 o clock 8) 19999) 4 hours10) lunch time(二)1. He has lived in Nanjing the year before last.2. I ve known him we were children.3. Our teacher ha

18、s studied Japanese threeyears.4. She has been away from the city about tenyears.5. It s about ten years she left the city.四 单项选择题() mother has worked in this factory 2 years.( A) about ( (B)for (C)in (D)since( )2. His father joined the party(A)since three years ago (B)in two years' time(C)for three years(D)three yearsago3. The students have cleaned the classroom , ?A. so theyB. don t theyC. havethey D. haven t theycame to Nanjing three years ago, so we here forthree years.A. have been toB. have been inC. have beenD. have goneHow long youyour dic