A1-高一-英语-阅读理解中主旨大意的题

1、课程名称学生姓名 学 科 年 级教师姓名平台 上课时间教学目赫/1. 通过对阅读理解做题不找主题句和快速找主题句的类比，快速理解阅读文章的主旨（槪念、公式、左理、 原理、规律）2. 通过对学生的视觉刺激，促进学生对主题句的有效记忆3. 通过视觉类比法，引导学生建构学科知识体系，激发解决相关问题的潜能（25分钟）回顾旧知识文字、题.图片.公式.图像.于绘（旧知识展示，正方形图片1张，右侧 文字不少于6行，左侧阅读理解常出错原因：题目类型A类題：可以直接从原文中找到答案的题目A类题为拿分题丢分原因：1）凭印象做题,准确率低。2）时间把握最容易出问題：忘记内容的时候往往会回到文草中去找答案，一篇丈

2、章往往要读好几遍。A类題解題技巧：看淸題目所问的内容之后要在原文中划出原句.并标上题号。 这样做的目的：1）做到万无一失保证把该拿到的分数金到于。2）减少阅读文章的次数，争取宝贵的时间。B类题：不能够从原文中Ti接找到答案的题需要经过分析、判断、推理之后才能解答的题。该类题是失分题，往往是出题人 用來拉开学生梯度和层次的题。B类題包括：文草主题和中心大意等，一般都是主旨题。B类題解題技巧1、以原文为依据，不参杂个人总见.要客观不要主观。2、答案是比出來的。答案不选对的只选昴好的。因为有时候四个答案都是对的。所以，为看到第一答案是正确的时候，也要看 后浙的答案。遇到这种情况，往往有学生钻牛角尖。

3、老师给学生解释的时候，也 可以这样说：你的答案没错，但是另一个答案更好更全而。答案不选对的，只 选最好的。3、注总绝对化的词。7如果答案选项中出现绝对化的词，比如：all, always, nevert nothing, every等 等，除非文章当中使用了该类词汇，否则，一般都婆排除。比如原文中出现了这样一个句子：AImOSt everyone IikeS the music.答题时 要你判断如下这个句子正误(Tze Or FalSe) : EVeryone IikeS the music. < 一一该句子应该是错误的。4、答案要避免以点带面，以偏盖全。尤其是多个选项都有道理，难以挑选

4、正确答案的时候.要注总选择最符合题目要 求的一个。5、“傻瓜”原则。文萃中没有提到的就、“1是不知道，不要枉自猜测自作聪明。一切以文萃内容为 准。标注出关惟词包扌舌：数字字母.公式探索新知识文字、题、图片、公式.图像.于绘(旧知识展示，正方形图片1张，右侧 文字不少于6行，左侧一、主旨大意常见提问形式1. 主题型主旨大意题的题干表现形式：The Inaln idea Of the PaSSage isThe PaSSage is Inainly aboutWhiCh Of the following StatementS best expresses the mam idea Of the p

5、assage?What is the PaSSage mainly about?2. 目的类主旨大意题The PaSSage is Ineant to The PUrPOSe Of this article is to 3. 标题类主旨大意题The best title for the PaSSage might beThe ParagraPh COUId be entitled*-二、如何做主旨大意的题：首先，要搞淸是问某一段还是全文的大总，可利用文中主要信息來把握文脉.进 行综合归纳概括文草的主題。如有标题，标题中的蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。 其次.任何一篇文萃都是闌绕某个主题展开的因此，

6、许女文直中昴明显的特点 之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即商频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易 抓住文章的中心。最后.婆学会借助文草的结构來把握中心思想。段落中心思想常常由主題句(TOPiC SentenCe)來表达。主题句常常出现在段首(60%90%)或段尾处，有时也 在段落中间。同样，一篇文草的中心思想也常常在开始段或结尾段点出。I大I此，在 阅读中，我们要对文草的开始段和结尾段及段落的主题句给予持别的注总：标注出关惟词包括：数字字母.公式（老师写出新知识）在做此类型题的时候会有一些干扰选项比如可能屈文中某个具体事实或细节：可能屈从文中某些（不完全的）事实或细节片而推出的错谋结论：可能屈非

7、文帝事实的主观臆断：正确选项应该根据艾気、思全面理解而归纳概括出來的，但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全C例1：PeOPle have different tastes in food SOme feel that they haven, t eaten a meal UnleSS they have had Steak Or Other red Ineat SOme Prefer ChiCken Or fish and eat One Or the Other at every me a 1 OtherS Prefer VegetableS and fruits Or grains and W

8、OUId enjoy a meal Of spaghetti, eggplant, and fresh fruit Others COUId IiVe On What Were CalIed fastfoods: a hamburger Or hot dog, FrenCh fries and a SOft drink找出主题句？例2：SOme StUdentS Prefer a StriCt teacher WhO tells them exactly What to do. Others Prefer to be Ieft to WOrk On their own. StilI Other

9、S Iike a democratic discussion type Of CIaSS NO One teaching method Can be devised to SatiSfy all StUdentS at the Same time找出主题句？例3In the animal kingdom, WeakneSS Can bring about aggression in Other anima 1 ThIS SOmetlmeS happens With humans also BUt I have found that my WeakneSS brings OUt the kind

10、ness in PeOPle I See it every day When PeOPle hold doors for me, POUr CreaIII into my coffee, Or help me to PUt On my COat And I have discovered that it makes them happy提示：文首开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节來解祥， 支撑或发展主題句所表达的主題思想.最常见的 演经法写作方式提示：题句也会出现在段尾。作者先摆出事实依据，层层 推理论证，最后自然得出结论，即段落的主题。本 段的中心思想在结尾句得到休现,它是此段内容的 结论FrO

11、m my WheeIChair experience, I See the best in PeOPIel but SOmetimeS I feel Sad because those WhO appear independent IniSS the kindness I See dalyLaSt month, When I WaS driving home On a busy highway, I began to feel UnWelI and drove more SIOWIy than USUa 1 PeOPle behind me began to get impatientI PU

12、t On the Car flashlights and drove On at a really IOW SPeed No more angry ShOUtS and no InOre horns! When I PUt On my flashlights, BUt instead Of getting ImPatIent and angry, they Waited） knowing the driver in front Of them WaS in SOme Way WeakSOmetImeS situations Call for US to act StrOng and brave

13、 even When We don* t feel that Way BUt those are few and far between MOre Oftenl it WOUId be better if We don* t Pretend We feel StrOng When We feel Weak Or Pretend that We are brave When We are SCared 30. WhlCh Of the following is the best title for the passage? A A WheeIChaIr EXPerIenCe B WeakneSS

14、 and KlndneSS C WeakneSS and Strength D A DriVlng EXPerienCe至少2个例題進矚演壕（15 分钟）练习题与例题知识点内容.难度.题型匹配例 1: LiSa WaS running Iate Lisa, 25l had a IOt to do at work, PIUS ViSitOrS On the way： her ParentS Were COming in forPOIiCe and fire OffiCialS SOOn arrived,just as he had been SeCOndS after the rescue, W

15、hiCh made her thinkabout her reaction at the time45. The PaSSage is intended to .A Warn US Of the danger in the SUbWayB. ShOW US how to SaVe PeOPle in the SUbWayC tell US about a SUbWay rescueD report a traffic accident点评：2 Today, the generation gap has not disappeared, but It is getting narrow In I

16、nany families ConVerSatiOnS On SUbjeCtSSUCh as SeX and drugs WOUId not have taken PlaCe a generation ago. NOW they are COmfOrtabIe and COmmOn 45 The PUrPOSe Of the PaSSage is toA describe the difficulties today' S ParentS have met WithB discuss the development Of the Parent-child relationshipC S

17、UggeSt the WayS to handle the ParenteChild relationshipD COmPare today * S Parent-child relationship With that in the PaSt点评：至少2个习逖（5分钟）打印版和手写版每个不少于3行内容小结（老师写好内容，讲解过程中标出关惟词不少干2行正确选项应该根振文苹总思全面理解而归纳概松出來的，但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全，也不能是文中 某个具体爭实或细节或者是文中某些（不完全的）事实或细节片而推出的错误结论教师评语（由老师根据学生当堂学习情况填写.包括学习情况.学习建议等，不少于2

18、行）（20分钟）任务A：（观 察实际.阅 读文献）材料老师写出任务具体内容例题 1、HOW COUld We POSSibly think that keeping animals in CageS in UnnatUraI environments mostly for entertainment PUrPOSeSeiS fair and respectful?oo OffiCialS Say they are COnCerned about animals However, most ZOOS remain 44COlleCtiOnS M Of interesting "thin

19、gs" rather than PrOteCtiVe habitats（栖息地） ZOOS teach PeOPIe that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural homes 2oos Claim（声称）to educate PeOPIe and SaVe endangered SPeCieS （物种），but ViSitOrS IeaVe ZOOS WithOUt having Iearned anything meaningful about the animals

20、* natural behavior, intelligence, Or beauty ZOOS keep animals in Small SPaCeS Or cages, and most SignS OnIy mention the SPeCIeS, name, diet, and natural range （分布区） The animals * normal behavior is SeIdOm noticed because ZOOS do, t USUalIy take Care Of the animals, HatUraI needs The animals are kept

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