定语从句十大难点

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上定语从句十大难点定语从句是中学英语教学的语法重点，也是难点。为了让同学们更好地掌握这个语法项目，本文对定语从句难点及重点加以分析归纳。请看题： 1Is this the house _ the great musician was born in?Awhich Bwhere Cthe one Dit2Ill never forget the days _ we spent our holidays together in JapanAwhen Bin which Cwhich Dthat3It was the only cotton mill _ there was

2、thenAwhy Bwhere Cin which D不填4Im taking some weight-loss pills，_ are quite popular hereAthat Bwhich Cthey Dwho5The passangers and the suitcases _ were still waiting had to be transferred to another planeAit Bwhat Cthat Dwhich6It was the largest map _ I had ever seenAwhich Bwhere CthatDwith which7Whi

3、ch was the hotel _ was recommended to you?AasBthat Cwho Dwhich8I will pardon him，_ is honestAthatBwhoever Cwho Dwhich9We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas（度过了在乡下交流很困难的时期）Awhich Bwhose Cin whichDwith which10I saw someone running towards me in the dark stree

4、tBefore I could see who it was，-she had run back in the direction _ she had comeAin which Bby which Cof which Dfrom which11Mr Zhang had a lot of friends，none of _ could lend him any moneyAwhom Bthem CwhichDwho12The man，in _ company I have been working for ten years，is a good bossAwhich Bwhat Cwhose

5、Dwhom13Ive come to the point _ I cant stand（忍受的临界点） her arguing any longer到某种地步，在某种境况中Awhy Bwhich Cwhere Dthat 14The man pulled out a gold watch，_ were set with small diamondsAthe hands of whom Bwhom the hands ofCwhich the hands of Dthe hands of which15Tom spent the summer holidays in college，during

6、 _ time he got a part-time joband read many literature books as wellAthat Bthis CwhoseDwhich16_ was announced in the newspaper，our country won 51 gold medals in the 29th Olympic GamesAIt BThat CAs DWhich17The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people tokeep It r

7、unning，_ meant spending tens of thousands of poundsAwho Bthat Cas Dwhich18Yon should treat him (in) the way _ suits him bestAthat Bin which C Dwhy19This is one of the books on this subject that _ been written in ChineseAhave Bhad Chas Dhaving20This is the only one of the books on this subject that _

8、 been written in ChineseAhave Bhad Chas Dhaving21_ is known to us all is that Chinese athletes achieved great success in the 2008 Olympic GamesAIt BWhat CAs DWhich22Is this hotel _ we were to stay in your letter?Awhere Bin which Cthe one DA and C23Where did you get to know her? It was in the school

9、_ we workedAthat Bthere Cwhich Dwhere【参考答案】15 AADBC 610 CBCCD 1115 ACCDD 1620 CDAAC 2123 BAD关系代词和关系副词的选择选择关系代词还是关系副词要依据先行词在定语从句中所作的成分，关系词在从句中作主语、宾语，选择关系代词(who，whom，that，which)；作定语时用whose引导定语从句。如试题1中指代先行词house的关系词作in的宾语，而不是状语，所以答案为A。关系词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。如试题2中的关系词the days在从句

10、中作状语，而不是宾语(从句中的宾语是our holidays)；试题3中的关系词在定语从句中作主状语。比较：I live in Wuxi，which is famous for Taihu LakeI live in Wuxi，where Taihu Lake is protected by law例，which在从句中作主语；where在从句中作状语。that与which的区别1限制性定语从句的先行词指物，而且关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时既可以用that也可以用which， 但是that不能引导非限制性定语从句，如试题4。2先行词是不定代词all，few，little，much，anythi

11、ng，nothing等词，关系代词用that。3先行词被序数词、形容词最高级以及all，any，every，few，the very，the only修饰时，用that作关系代词。如试题6。4在which疑问句中，关系代词用that而不用which。如试题7。which与where的区别如果定语从句分别修饰point，situation，activitycondition和case等表示抽象意义的词，而且关系词在从句中作状语，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”，此时用where引导定语从句。如试题13。“介词+关系代词”结构中的介词及关系代词的选择关系代词作介词宾语，介词可前置，此时只能用w

12、homwhich而不能用that，who构成“介词+whichwhom”的结构。该结构中介词的选择，一要看先行词；二要看与定语从句谓语动词的搭配；三要看句意。如试题9，period后面的定语从句中缺少时间状语，要用when，而此题中没有when，所以要选择in which相当于in the period。再如试题10，先行词direction和定语从句的谓语come之间要用介词from。注意：1若为短语动词(即固定搭配)，那么介词不能放在关系词前面，如：look after，take care of， look for等。2关系副词在意义上相当于“介词+which”。 I was in Bei

13、jing on the day when(=on which) he arrived The office where(=in which) he works is on the third floor This is the chief reason why(=for which) we did it“不定代词、数词或名词+of whichwhom”引出非限制性定语从句。表示整体中的一部分。如：There are 40 students in our class，27 of whom are boys我们班有40名学生，其中27名是男生。例如试题11是“代词+of whom”结构，先行词是人

14、，所以用whom。试题14，是“名词+of、which”结构。关系代词whose的用法先行词在定语从句中作定语用whose。Ive got a car，whose type is popular我拥有一辆小汽车，其车型现在非常受欢迎。又如试题12，其中whose company又作介词in的宾语。此题关键弄清关系词与后面的名词的所属关系，问题就迎刃而解了。此外，whose从句可转换为“名词+of which”型，如试题14从句部分可以改写为：whose hands were set with small diamonds。再如：They live in a house，whose door o

15、pens to the southThey lived in a house，of which the door opens to the southThey lived in a house，the door of which opens to the southas与which的区别as和which可以引导非限制性定语从句，都指主句所表达的所有内容，而且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但也有区别：1as引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。如试题16。2as引导非限制性定语从句时，后面常接say，know，judge等动词，表示“正如”。如果先行词是the way，而且关系代词在定语

16、从句中充当状语，则定语从句通常由in which或that引导。也常可以省略引导词。如：I dont like the way(thatin which) you treat her我不喜欢你对待她的方式。然而试题18中的先行词the way，在后面的定语从句中充当主语。故只能选A。考查定语从句中的主谓一致关系代词在定语从句中作主语，从句的谓语要与先行词保持一致。“one of the+复数名词”在关系词前，那么先行词为“the+复数名词”；“the only one of the + 复数名词”在关系词前，那么先行词是the only one。如试题19的先行词是books，所以从句谓语用复

17、数而试题20的先行词是the only one。将定语从句与其他从句或非谓语动词等知识混合在一起考查试题的命题者常把定语从句和结果状语从句、地点状语从句、强调句型、同位语从句等易混淆的结构放在一个具体的语境中，要求考生加以区别。如试题21，好像四个选项都对，但是，经过仔细分析可知，答案应该是B，what引导主语从句并在从名中充当主语。再如试题22，该题要求考生区分定语从句和表语从句。将疑问句还原为肯定句：This hotel is _ we were to stay从句中stay是不及物动词不带定语，故排除C(省略作宾语的关系词)。又因为在还原后的句子中is后无名词，所以排除B。试题23将定语

18、从句与强调句结合在同一题干里，答句省略与问句相同的部分，补全是：It was in the school _ we worked that I got to know her根据先行词the school在从句中作地点状语，可确定用where引导定语从句。试题3：选D.It was the only cotton mill （that ）there was then.当先行词被序数词或the very, the only, the last修饰时，要用that，这里省略了that，因为there be句型中关系代词可以省略。试题24. Is this research centre _ you

19、 visit the modern equipments last year? A. where B. that C . the one that D. the one where答案D . 还原This research centre is the one where you 。缺少先行词，选the one ,又因不缺主语宾语所以不选that 。 如果this 后有the 应选where，因先行词在从句中作状语。试题5How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin?Oh, thats easy. I surfed the Inter

20、net and then called one _ the telephonenumber is provided. A. which B. in whichC. of which D. whose答案：C后面定语从句the telephone number of which = whose telephone number.因为有了the ,所以就不用用whose了。 排除D而要表示“的”这个从属关系，必须要介词， 排除A.B 和 C 想必很容易看出 C才能表示 “的”最后 C只是简单颠倒了下the telephone number of which 的顺序C因为反过来说就是the telephone of the agent.D中 whose 了就不能再加the了试题：He talked a lot about things and personsthey remembered in the schoolB.that 定语从句中有以规定为：先行词即有人又有物时须用thatThe way that he looks at problems is wrong。这里的that做什么成分？这里的that是关系副词，在表明方式，时间或地点的先行词后，常用that 来代替 in which,when或where,that也可