广州初中英语语法之学案7-常用介词

1、 初中高重点语法学案 姓名： 介词用法专题Part I Warming-up: Oral Practice 你读我译(注意加粗部分) In 1993 I spent Christmas with my family at the Royal Hotel in London. We arrived at 10 a.m. on Christmas Eve and decided to spend the morning shopping. However, after less than an hour, we were so tired that we decided to go back to

2、 the hotel. At lunchtime, we ordered some sandwiches from the bar and then had a quick rest before beginning our tour of the city in the afternoon. At midnight, we went to a Christmas service at the canteen nearby and then returned to the hotel for a good sleep. 常用介词用法辨析功能介词辨析例句1表 in在年、季、月、上午、下午、晚上、

3、人生的某个较长时间等In 2005; in summer, in April, in the morningon在具体某天及某天的上午、下午、晚上on Monday, on August 7th , on a winter morning, on Friday morningat在某个时间点，在中午、晚上At eight, at noon, at night2表 in指在较大的地方in China, in Chongqingon在上面，或具体地方on the farm, on the earthat在很详细的小地方，比如地址等at the swimming pool, at NO. 5 Ren

4、min Road, at the zoo, at the doctors, at his uncles 3表in“在以后”，后加时间段，常用于将来时My father will be back in two weeks.after“在以后”，后加时间段，用于过去时They got there after two days.4表since“自以后”，后接时间点I have lived here since 16 years ago.for表示持续，后接时间段I have lived here for 16 years.5表across表示跨越，横穿（从一边到另一边）Can you swim ac

5、ross the river?through表示从中间穿过，如穿过门，空气，水等The road goes through the forest.6表on在（表面）上There is a book on the desk.over“在正上方”，反义词为underThere is a bridge over the river.above“在上方”，反义词为belowThere is a piece of cloth over the table.7表between在（两者、两两）之间Dont tell others. Its just between you and me.among在（三者，

6、三者以上）之间She is standing among the students.8表like像一样You look like your father.as像一样（作连词）You can do it as you like.9表near在附近My house is near the school.by在附近（比near近）We live by the river.beside在旁边（紧挨着，相当于next to）Lily sits beside her father.10表under在具体某物下面，在（的关怀）下Theres a cat under the chair. Hes grown

7、up under the Partys care.with在（的帮助）下With your help, I passed the exam.in在（阳光）下Dont read in the sun.11表by表示方法，手段，交通工具She made us happy by dancing. If you know it, please tell us by phone.with表示用的具体的工具You may write with a pen.in表示用语言、材料、文字等Please write a letter in English.on/over表示使用通讯工具If you know it

8、, tell us on the phone.12表of属于This is a map of China.to附于，通向This is the way to my home. Give me the key to the door.for用于，适合于This coat is fit for you.13表besides除以外（表示包括）All the other students went to the movie besides me.except除以外（表示不包括，所排除的内容与所谈论的内容属同一类）All the other students went to the movie exce

9、pt me.except for除以外（表示不包括，所排除的内容与所谈论的内容不属于同一类）Your composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.but除以外（表示不包括，常常用于不定代词后）There is nothing but a bed in the room.14表after在之后（时间，顺序）Ann came back after a week.behind在（外面的）后面（位置）Lucy sat behind Lily. at the back of在（里/外面的）后面（位置）We have a garden at

10、the back of our school.15表on表述性的“关于”Professor Li gave us a lecture on Chinese history.about表示涉猎性的“关于”We are talking about a TV play.【即学即练】常考介词专练Exercise 1: 用适当的介词填空：1) We usually go _ bus because its cheaper than the train.2) _ 8:00 of August 8, 2008, Beijing will hold the 29th Olympic Games.3) Its

11、almost eight years _ we saw each other last time.4) Bob goes to the Childrens Palace every day _ Sunday. Every Sunday he helps at the Old Peoples Home.5) _ the help of man-made satellites, we can know the weather in the next few days.6) I am sure you know the difference _ “look for” and “find”.7) He

12、 stayed there _ an hour.8) We didnt go to bed _ twelve last night.9) There is a stone bridge _ the river.10) He swam _ the river and got to the bank.11) At last he walked _ the forest and saw the village.12) The village lies _ the hills.13) I go to school _ foot every day.14) You can write _ pen.15)

13、 He spoke to us _ English.16) _ the afternoon of May, we visited the old man. 17) Many people work _ the daytime and sleep_ night. 18) Joan hopes to come back _three days.19) He woke up several times _the night20) We have four classes _the morning and then have a rest_ noon.21) _ fine morning, old p

14、eople do exercises by the lake.22) His son suddenly came back _ a cold rainy night.23) Mary is flying to France soon. She will arrive in Paris _ the morning of July 9.24) _ a winter morning, Tom fell off the ladder onto the ground.25) Mr. Brown now is in Hebei. He will be back _ two weeks. 26) We le

15、ft Hangzhou_ the afternoon of October 15. 27) He called me _ Sunday morning. 28) I shall take a holiday _ summer. 29) They arrived _ the late afternoon of 20th December. 30) Let's meet_ six o'clock. 【中考链接】选择最佳答案：( ) 1)-Well have a hiking trip，but when shall we meet? -Lets make it _ half past

16、 eight _the morning of June 23. A. at；in B. ；on C.；in D. about；by( ) 2) Nanjing is a beautiful city. It won “China Human Habitat Environment Prize” _ 2008. A. at B. on C. in D. by( ) 3) I got an e-mail this morning. It was _ my foreign friend，Tony. A. in B. on C. at D. from( ) 4) -What is your hobby

17、? - _ collecting balls，I also like different kinds of CDs. A. Besides B. Except C. Beside D. About( ) 5)- When was the first mall with AHlNl flu in mainland China known for sure? - _ May 11，2009. (09宁波) A. In B. On C. For D. Since( ) 6)-Why are you standing there, Maggie? -I cant see the blackboard

18、clearly. Two tall boys are sitting _ me. A. behind B. in front of C. beside D. next to( ) 7) -Where do you sit, Jane? -I sit _ Linda. She is just on my left. A. next to B. in front of C. behind D. opposite( ) 8)- When were you born? - I was born _ the morning of May 7th，1995. A. in B. on C. at( ) 9)

19、 My mother has gone to Hong Kong. She will be back _ a week. A. after B. for C. in D. from( )10)-Can you see some people waiting _ the library? -Yes. They are standing in a queue in front of its gate. A. around B. inside C. outside( ) 11)Lets play table tennis _ Tuesday morning，shall we? A. on B. in

20、 C. to D. at( ) 12)Mr. Smith has bought a large house _a swimming pool. A. in B. with C. of D. at( ) 13)Its really very kind _ you to help me with the housework on Sundays. A. of B. with C. for D. from( ) 14) The teacher often takes his students to visit the Science Museum _ Saturdays. A. in B. by C

21、. at D. on( )15) Don't worry _ me, Mom. I'll be all right. A. of B. about C. for D. with( ) 16) Mr. Black is strongly _ keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals should also have the right to enjoy freedom. A. up B. for C. against D. down( ) 17) Look! Tina is waiting _ the bus st

22、op. A. for B. at C. in D. to( ) 18) Here are some flowers _ you _ our best wishes. A. to; for B. for; with C. of; to D. from; to( ) 19) He says his father will be back _ half an hour. A. for B. at C. in( ) 20) Tom told me his parents had arrived _ Beijing. A. at B. on C. in D. to常用介词短语:形容词+介词 很多形容词可

23、以与介词连用。我们已学过很多这样的搭配，现在一起来复习一下。形容词与某个特定的介词连用，表示某个特定的意思。1.与about连接的形容词be worried about 担心 be excited about对感到兴奋be careful about 小心、谨慎 be mad about狂热地迷恋be anxious about 为感到焦虑2.与at连接的形容词be shocked at 对感到震惊 be good at擅长 be bad at在某方面不好 be angry at/about sth对生气 be mad at 对发怒 be surprised at 对感到惊讶3.与as连接的形

24、容词be famous as作为而著名 be known as 被叫作4.与for连接的形容词be good for 对有好处 be bad for 对有害be famous/known for 因而著名 be ready for 为做准备be mad for 渴望 be happy for 为感到高兴be responsible for 负责，有责任 be free for 对免费be available for 有空的 be thankful for 感谢，感激5.与from连接的形容词 be different from 与不同6.与of连接的形容词 be short of 缺乏 be

25、afraid of害怕 be unaware of 没意识到 be tired of厌倦，厌烦 be proud of 为感到自豪 be full of充满7.与on连接的形容词be based on 基于，根据 be keen on喜爱 be dependent on 依靠8.与in连接的形容词be interested in对感兴趣 be absorbed in专心致志，全神贯注9.与to连接的形容词be similar to 与相似 be friendly to sb 对某人友好be friendly to sth 对有利 be known to 被所知be rude to 对粗鲁 be

26、 grateful to 感激某人be equal to 与平等 be different to 与不同10.与with连接的形容词be angry with sb 对某人生气 be strict with 对严格要求be filled with 填满 be bored with 对感到厌倦be good with与相处得好 be crowded with 挤满了be /pleased/delighted/satisfied with 对感到满意 be busy with 忙于【Homework】I选择题。用适当的介词完成下面的文段： ( ) 1 Children get gifts _ Ch

27、ristmas and _ their birthdays.A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on( ) 2There is nothing _tomorrow afternoon, is there? No. We can have a game of table tennis. A. on B. in C. out D. up( ) 3 A lot of students in our school were born _March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since( ) 4. Children wake up ve

28、ry early _the morning of Christmas Day. A. in B. on C. for D. at( ) 5. _ a cold winter morning, I met her in the street. A. In B. On C. At D. For( ) 6.It happened to be very cold_ the morning of our sports meet. A. at B. on C. with D. of( ) 7. Why did you get up so early _ this morning. A. on B. / C

29、. at D. in( ) 8. Lucy was born_ the night of May 12, 1984.A. on B. in C. at D. to( ) 9. Mrs. Brown came to China _ 1996. A. on B. of C. to D. in( ) 10. _ the morning of November 20, 1915, he came to Chicago to show us _. A. On; around B. In; of C. On; for D. At; around( )11. He often goes _ school _

30、 six thirty _ the morning. A. for; to; in B. to; at in C. to; for; at D, for; at; to( ) 12. He arrived _ Shanghai _ 9: 30 _ March 5. A. at; in; at B. to; on; at C. in; on; at D. in; at; on( ) 13 .The English teacher told me to get there_ half past ten. A: in B. at C. on D. of( )14. I worked on the p

31、roblem _ a long time and I worked it out _ myself_ last. A. for; by; at B. in; with; on C. in; for, at D. in; for; at( ) 15. The workers had been_ strike _ almost a month. A. on; in B. at; in C. on; for D. on; during( ) 16. Miss Wang will come to Beijing_ two days. A. after B. in C. on D. before( )

32、17. The American Civil War lasted four years before the North won _ the end. A. by B. at C. in D. on( ) 18. I don't like to sit _ Tom's right. I would like to sit _ the back row. A. on; in B. in; on C. on; at D. at; on( ) 19. There is a brook_ red flowers and green grass_ both sides. . A. of

33、 ;with B. with; on C. of; at D. with; in( ) 20.We held an interesting party_. A. in the air B. in the sky C. in the open air D. in space( ) 21. Tom sits _the classroom while John sits _the room. A. in front of; at back of B. in the front of; at the back of C. in front of; at the back of D. in the fr

34、ont of; at back of( ) 22. Lucy sits_ the third row, _Jim's left. A. on; on B. in; at C. at; in D. in; on( )23. There is a door_ the wall. A. on B. to C. of D. in( )24. This kind of VCD is made_ China. . A. in B. from C. at D. on( ) 25. Any man _ eyes_ his head can see that he's exactly like

35、a rope. A. with; on B. with; in C. on; with D. in; with( ) 26. There are some birds singing_ the trees. A. in B. on C. at D. from( ) 27. Don't read _ the sun. It's bad _ your eyes. A. in; for B. under; for C. with; to D. in; on( ) 28. The woman_ a blue dress is my teacher. A. in B. on C. of

36、D. at( ) 29. There are so many apples_ that tree. A. in B. on C. at D. from( ) 30. The boat is passing_ the bridge. A. through B. below C. under D. across( ) 31. Japan lies_ the east of China. A. on B. to C. in D. with( ) 32. The river runs_ the city. A. across B. through C. over D. from( ) 33. My u

37、ncle lives _ 88 Beijing Street. A. to B. of C. at D. on( ) 34. They are waiting _ a bus _ the bus stop. A. for; in B. on; at C. with; at D. for; at( ) 35. The police station is _ the clothing shop _ the post office.A. between; and B. among; and C. near; of D. on; right( ) 36. The children are intere

38、sted _this subject. A. to B. with C. in D. at( ) 37. His mother often helps him _ English so he does better _ English than others. A. with; in B. on; in C. in; with D. with; at( ) 38. There is something wrong _my bike. A. at B. in C. on D. with( ) 39. His sudden death surprised his wife. It was so bad. His wife was surprised _ his death. A. by B. with C. at D. on( ) 40. Don't