Unit2_Culture_Shock_1文化冲击

1、Unit 2 Culture ShockUnit 2Unit 21.What is Culture Shock?Culture shock can be described as the feeling of confusion and disorientation that one experiences when faced with a large number of new and unfamiliar people and situations. (from College English, 2005,14th,10)当人们去到一个与自己原来的文化迥异的地方时，绝大多数人都会经历一种

2、心理上的迷惑，这就是文化冲击。 Robert Kohls（Survival Kit for Overseas Living) It means strong feelings of discomfort, fear, or anxiety, which people may have when they enter another culture.HospitalityHospitality means the cordial and generous reception of or disposition toward guests.对客人的热诚慷慨的接待或安排。Two different

3、responses to different ways of hospitality: An English guest :Each time a new dish arrived, his parents would lean over and load my plate with tasty morsels. As they had taken all the trouble to cook it I just had to polish it off. As soon as my plate was empty they would put more on. Of course, I f

4、elt duty-bound to bear that too. A Chinese guest :Can you imagine how many dishes I had? One one a stew with meat and vegetables. The meat was over done and too hard to eat; green vegetables were no longer green. They never put food on your plate but just ask you to help yourself. If you, as a guest

5、, are shy or modest, waiting for the food to be put on your plate, you will remain half-starved.HospitalityWhats the problem?The Chinese student felt disappointed at British hospitality because she used the Chinese way of showing hospitality to judge the British one.If the story taking place in Chin

6、a, the westerner couldnt imagine that there should be sixteen dishes prepared for her. When she ate from the eight cold dishes, she couldnt eat anymore. It is because a Western meal normally severs one main course plus a starter and sweets or desserts. The fact is that different people in the world

7、show their different hospitality in different ways. Politeness Politeness refers to the consideration for others, tact, and observance of accepted social usage. 礼貌指的是为他人着想、老练、遵守被接受的社会规范。Politeness Some Chinese Students Views on Western Politeness:Foreigners never pretend to be modest. They just tell

8、 others what they think. If a Chinese person is faced with the same situation, maybe he or she would say, “ Im sorry. The restaurant is a little bit small and the dishes are just so-so, but I hope youll enjoy yourself.”When guests are to leave, the foreign hosts dont accompany guests to the gate upo

9、n leaving-taking. This happens because the foreigners are simply following their own cultural customs. If a Chinese host does like this, he will be considered a person withbad manners or no training and education. Therefore, there is a deep separation between Chinese conventions and foreigners.Priva

10、cyPrivacy could be understood as the right of an individual to self-determination as to the degree to which the individual is willing to share with others information about himself .个人自己决定愿在何种程度上与他人共享有关其个人的信息的权利。 PrivacySome Chinese Students Views on Western privacy: The westerners are not willing t

11、o let others know their income, age, marriage, and other privacy, especially to strangers. But as a Chinese student, even if we know their culture, I cant help doing things as our culture lets us do. The Western culture emphasizes individual independence. Parents always want their children to depend

12、 on themselves. The children are expected to depend on themselves. It has its historical and cultural reasons, Chinese parents love their children and will never let them in any danger. They want to keep an intimate relationship.Case studiesCase analysis:Shao Bin, a Chinese student studying in Brita

13、in, was once invited by her British classmate Brain to his house to cook a Chinese meal. Her two Chinese friends were also invited. They busied themselves in the kitchen, making dumpling while Brain did something in the garden and his wife sat on the sofa reading. Shao Bin felt a little upset for sh

14、e thought that both the host and the hostess should offer to help with the kitchen work. The meal was great and everyone enjoyed themselves. The couple kept complimenting them on their cooking skills and asked for the recipe. But then after the meal, the couple just put down their chopsticks and sta

15、rted minding their own business, leaving the Chinese guests to clear the table and do the dishes. Shao Bin felt absolutely confused or even angry. She concluded that . Case studiesThe Key to the Question: Guests to a Chinese family will never be allowed to do any housework. This is one of the ways t

16、he host and hostess show their hospitality. Even if the guests offer to cook a dish, the host or the hostess should stay around them and offer help whenever can. It is even harder to imagine that they would let their guests clear the table and do the dishes, though the guests should always volunteer

17、 help. Shao Bins meal at a British family sets a great contrast to her Chinese experience. This is why Shao Bin got angry. What she should do is to avoid a hasty conclusion. She should first observe the situation without judgment. And then analyze the situation using what she knows about the differe

18、nces between Chinese and British culture. Text 1 Making a Cultural Change Language Point acquaintance n U with sth/sb (often slight) knowledge of sth/sb 对某事物对某事物某人某人（常（常为略微的）了解为略微的）了解: He has some little acquaintance with the Japanese language. 他稍微会一点儿日语他稍微会一点儿日语. C person whom one knows but who is

19、not a close friend 相识而非密友者相识而非密友者; 泛泛泛泛之交之交: He has a wide circle of acquaintances. 他交游甚广他交游甚广. (idm 习语习语) have a nodding acquaintance with sb/sth know sb/sth slightly 与某人与某人有点头之交有点头之交; 对某事物略知一二对某事物略知一二: I have no more than a nodding acquaintance with her novels. 我对她写的小说不甚了解我对她写的小说不甚了解. make sbs acq

20、uaintance/make the acquaintance of sb： get to know sb; meet sb personally 结识某人结识某人; 与某人相见与某人相见: I made his acquaintance at a party. 我我是在一个聚会是在一个聚会 上认识他的上认识他的 symptom/smptm/N-COUNTA symptom of an illness is something wrong with your body or mind that is a sign of the illness. 症状例：One of the most comm

21、on symptoms of schizophrenia is hearing imaginary voices.精神分裂症最常见的症状之一是幻听。例：.patients with flu symptoms.有流感症状的病人。 depress/dprs/( depresses, depressing, depressed ) V-TIf someone or something depresses you, they make you feel sad and disappointed. 使沮丧 例：I must admit the state of the country depresses

22、 me. 我必须承认国家的形势令我沮丧。 hostility /hstlti/ N-UNCOUNT hostility is unfriendly or aggressive behavior toward people or ideas. 敌意; 敌对 例：There was open hostility between the two schools. 这两所学校公开相互敌对。 hostility n U (to/towards sb/sth) being hostile (to sb/sth); antagonism; enmity 敌对敌对; 对抗对抗; 敌意敌意: feelings

23、of hostility 敌对情绪敌对情绪feel no hostility towards anyone 对任何人对任何人均无敌意均无敌意 show hostility to sb/sth 对某人对某人某事物某事物表表示敌意示敌意. inevitable If something is inevitable, it is certain to happen and cannot be prevented or avoided. 必然发生的 例：It was an inevitable consequence of the decision. 那是这个决定的必然后果。 located /lok

24、etd/ If something is located in a particular place, it is present or has been built there. 位于的FORMAL 例：A boutique and beauty salon are conveniently located within the grounds. 时装与美容店就在院内，很方便。dwell on(或 upon)1. (心里)老是想着，老是惦念着，惦记，不能释怀；担心着(某事)；细想： It doesnt do to dwell over much on ones painful memorie

25、s.过分沉溺于自己的痛苦回忆之中是不行的。to dwell on ones personal problems细想个人问题2. 详述，详论；喋喋不休地论述： to dwell on a question详述一个问题Why do you keep dwelling upon that matter?你为什么一直在喋喋不休地讲那个问题? In timewithin or before a fixed time及时及时*A stitch in time saves nine及时处理，事及时处理，事半功倍。半功倍。*You can rest assured that well finish the w

26、ork in time你放心吧，我们一定按时完你放心吧，我们一定按时完成任务。成任务。eventually; in the end ; after a while ; in the future不久；最终；将来不久；最终；将来*Youll get used to the weather in Nanjing in time你迟早会适应南京的气候的。你迟早会适应南京的气候的。*If you keep on trying, you will succeed in time只要你继续努力，你迟早会成功只要你继续努力，你迟早会成功 Bargain v (with sb) (about/over/for

27、 sth) discuss (with sb) prices, terms of trade, etc with the aim of buying or selling goods, or changing conditions, on terms that are favourable to oneself （与某人）讨价还（与某人）讨价还价价; 洽谈成交条件洽谈成交条件; 谈判谈判: Dealers bargain with growers over the price of coffee. 商人与种植者就咖啡的价格进行商洽商人与种植者就咖啡的价格进行商洽. The unions bar

28、gained (with management) for a shorter working week. 工会为缩短工作周而（与资方）讨价还价工会为缩短工作周而（与资方）讨价还价. symptom n change in the body that indicates an illness 症状症状: the rash that is a symptom of measles 麻疹症状呈现的疹子麻疹症状呈现的疹子. sign of the existence of sth bad （坏事的）（坏事的）徵兆徵兆, 徵候徵候: This demonstration was a symptom of

29、 discontent among the students. 这次示威表明学生中有不满情绪这次示威表明学生中有不满情绪. range v between A and B/from A to B vary or extend between specified limits 在在A和和B之间之间变化或变动变化或变动; 从从A延伸到延伸到B: Their ages range from 25 to 50. 他们的年龄在他们的年龄在25岁到岁到50岁之间岁之间. The frontier ranges from the northern hills to the southern coast. 边

30、界从北部山地一直延伸到南部海岸边界从北部山地一直延伸到南部海岸. His interests ranged from chess to canoeing. 他的爱好从下国际象棋到划独木舟他的爱好从下国际象棋到划独木舟, 范围很广范围很广. adapt v (oneself) (to sth) become adjusted to new conditions, etc 适应（新环境等）适应（新环境等）: Our eyes slowly adapted to the dark. 我们的眼睛慢慢地适应了黑暗的环境我们的眼睛慢慢地适应了黑暗的环境. She adapted (herself) qui

31、ckly to the new climate. 她很快地适应了这种新的气候她很快地适应了这种新的气候.Questions What is culture shock? What are the symptoms of culture shock? What are the cures of culture shock? Discussion What kind of people adjust best to foreign cultures? Talk about your difficulties in adapting to a new environment of the unive

32、rsity. It means strong feelings of discomfort, fear, or anxiety, which people may have when they enter another culture.Symptoms of culture shock Physical excessive washing of hands excessive concern over headaches stomach/back aches difficult to sleep well tend to feel tired Psychological helpless f

33、rustrated fear loneliness isolated anger aggression Honeymoon Phase Everything usually goes fairly smoothly.Rejection Phase The newcomer may encounter many problems in transportation, shopping, or interpersonal communication. You may feel that people may no longer care about your problem, and they dont like foreigners. The newcomer m