基于MATLAB-GUI的简单计算器

1、姓名： 曹慈航 班级： 12级电气自动化2班 学号：1208441044 基于MATLAB-GUI的简单计算器设计题目：计算器 完成一个简单的计算器。 要求（但不限于）： GUI上具有数字键盘输入区域，能够进行加、减、乘、除、三角函数等基础运算。 界面简洁、美观 可能需要的控件： Push Button Edit Text Pop-up Menu1 功能介绍本程序是一个简单的计算器程序，使用MATLAB软件编写完成。主要具有加、减、乘、除、三角函数等基础运算，并通过GUI进行程序使用的交互。程序交互界面如下：图1 程序的交互界面2 功能实现首先用MATLAB GUI功能，在绘制一个动

2、态文本框和一个文本编辑框，以及25个命令按钮，调整好各控件大小、颜色，整体布局如图所示：备注：软件版本：MATLAB R2011b2.1 布局GUI1、打开MATLAB，在Guide中新建FIG文件2、然后双击“Blank GUI(Default)”或单击OK键出现GUI窗口3、添加按钮和动态文本框4、根据按钮的作用及视觉效果做一定的修改 对按钮的字符串大小、颜色进行设置，对按钮的位置进行排布，尽量使按钮集中在动态文本框下面。最终设置的动态文本框为灰色，其他按钮均为蓝色。 5、保存、添加功能函数    将做好的按钮及动态文本框保存后自

3、动弹出Editor的M文本，然后对相应的pushbutton添加功能函数。以下是相应按钮的功能函数。  （1）数字按键编写。 在function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles）下输入：global jja=get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(a,'0.')=1)&&(jj=0) set(handles.edit1,'String','0.')else

4、 a=strcat(a,'0')set(handles.edit1,'String',a)endjj=0这是使用句柄handles指向对象edit1，并以字符串形式来存储数据文本框edit1的内容，并存储数个“0”， 然后由set(handles.edit1,'String',a)在edit1中输出。 同理，分别在function pushbutton210_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles）下给19数字按键下编写此类程序。 （2）符号键：

5、0;在function pushbutton11_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)下输入： global jjglobal ja=get(handles.edit1,'String')a=strcat(a,'+')if(jj=0)set(handles.edit1,'String',a)jj=1;endj=0; strcat的作用是将两个字符串连接起来，就是在已输入的存储数据a后添加“+”进行运算。 然后执行set(handles.edit1,&

6、#39;String',a)。符号键-、*、/、.与+的运算函数类似， “平方运算”主要是由“2”功能实现。 function pushbutton12_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)global jjglobal ja=get(handles.edit1,'String')a=strcat(a,'-')if(jj=0)set(handles.edit1,'String',a)jj=1;endj=0;function pushbutton13_Callback(hObject

7、, eventdata, handles)global jjglobal ja=get(handles.edit1,'String')a=strcat(a,'*')if(jj=0)set(handles.edit1,'String',a)jj=1;endj=0; function pushbutton14_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)global jjglobal ja=get(handles.edit1,'String')a=strcat(a,'/')if(jj=0)

8、set(handles.edit1,'String',a)jj=1;endj=0;function pushbutton15_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)global jjglobal ja=get(handles.edit1,'String')a=strcat(a,'.')if(jj=0)set(handles.edit1,'String',a)jj=1;endj=0;function pushbutton16_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles

9、)a=get(handles.edit1,'String')b=eval(a)set(handles.edit1,'String',num2str(b2)（3）运算符“=”的编程： a=get(handles.edit1,'string')b=eval(a)set(handles.edit1,'string',num2str(b) “eval”的作用是将符号表达式转换成数值表达式再由set(handles.edit1,'string',num2str(b)输出。 （4）按键“back”编程：即显

10、示一个空字符：set(handles.edit1,'String',a)按键“back”编程: global jja=get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(a,'0.')=1)&(jj=0)set(handles.edit1,'String','0.')elsess=char(a);l=length(a);a=ss(1:l-1);set(handles.edit1,'String',a)endjj=0;（5）按键“清零”：把动态文本框的字符清空

11、，返回一个空格。 set(handles.edit1,'String','0')（6）三角函数的编辑 function pushbutton17_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)a=get(handles.edit1,'String');b=eval(a)b=b*pi/180;b=sin(b);set(handles.edit1,'String',b)b=b*pi/180是把角度转换为弧度，这样在编程环境中才能识别，sin才能起作用。然后执行set函数，把结果输出来。同

12、理在cos,tan,cot的回调函数中也输入相应的函数，只需把b=sin(b);中的sin改为cos，tan，cot即可 （7）按键“（）”:在输入数据时添加括号，以便数据的优先计算。global jja=get(handles.edit1,'String')if(strcmp(a,'0')=1)&&(jj=0) set(handles.edit1,'String','(')elsea=strcat(a,'(')set(handles.edit1,'String',a)en

13、djj=0a=get(handles.edit1,'String')s1=strcat(a,')')set(handles.edit1,'String',s1)2.2 计算器的使用加法运算（+）：按“=”后显示：减法（-）、乘法（*）、除法（/）运算与加法（+）运算类似。点号（.）、括号（）：平方（X2）运算：按下（X2）后三角函数（sin、cos、tan、cot）运算：按下(sin、cos、tan、cot)后back、清零功能：3 程序总结本程序实现简单的科学运算功能及便捷的图形化交互界面。具有以下优点：优点：1、GUI内数据传递非常简便。非常

14、简便的实现了前台与后台、前台与前台、后台与后台之间的参数传递。2、图形化用户交互界面简洁明了。在制作计算器界面时操作简单，制作完成后程序的输入框直接弹出，可以直接写入，即可运行计算器。简单的实现了设计与编程的数据传递。4 课程总结1、通过MATLAB简单计算器的设计，初步了解了关于MATLAB图形用户界面的部分控件的使用方法。 2、MATLAB的GUI提供的很多实用的控件，方便用于设计属于自己的图形界面。 3、Matlab具有强大、丰富的内置函数和工具箱，界面设计时更加简洁、快捷与直观。5 参考文献1 MATLAB语言及其在电子信息工程中的应用 王洪元主编 清华大学出版社2

15、 MATLAB中GUI的应用 王洪元主编 清华大学出版社 附录（主要程序）function varargout = untitled66(varargin)% UNTITLED66 MATLAB code for untitled66.fig% UNTITLED66, by itself, creates a new UNTITLED66 or raises the existing% singleton*.% H = UNTITLED66 returns the handle to a new UNTITLED66 or the handle to% the existing singlet

16、on*.% UNTITLED66('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,.) calls the local% function named CALLBACK in UNTITLED66.M with the given input arguments.% UNTITLED66('Property','Value',.) creates a new UNTITLED66 or raises the% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property va

17、lue pairs are% applied to the GUI before untitled66_OpeningFcn gets called. An% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application% stop. All inputs are passed to untitled66_OpeningFcn via varargin.% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one% in

18、stance to run (singleton)".% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES % Edit the above text to modify the response to help untitled66 % Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 09-Dec-2014 20:42:08 % Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDITgui_Singleton = 1;gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, . 

19、9;gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, . 'gui_OpeningFcn', untitled66_OpeningFcn, . 'gui_OutputFcn', untitled66_OutputFcn, . 'gui_LayoutFcn', , . 'gui_Callback', );if nargin && ischar(varargin1) gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin1);end if nargout varargo

20、ut1:nargout = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:);else gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:);end% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT % - Executes just before untitled66 is made visible.function untitled66_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn

21、.% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% varargin command line arguments to untitled66 (see VARARGIN) % Choose default command line output for untitled66handles.output = hObject; % Updat

22、e handles structureguidata(hObject, handles); % UIWAIT makes untitled66 wait for user response (see UIRESUME)% uiwait(handles.figure1); % - Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.function varargout = untitled66_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for re

23、turning output args (see VARARGOUT);% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Get default command line output from handles structurevarargout1 = handles.output; function edit1_Callback(hO

24、bject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String

25、9;) returns contents of edit1 as a double % - Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created

26、 until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor') set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end %

27、 - Executes on button press in pushbutton1.function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jja=get(handles.edit1,&#

28、39;String');if(strcmp(a,'0.')=1)&&(jj=0) set(handles.edit1,'String','0.')else a=strcat(a,'0')set(handles.edit1,'String',a)endjj=0 % - Executes on button press in pushbutton2.function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle

29、 to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jja=get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(a,'0')=1)&&(jj=0) set(handles.edit1,'String','1')else a=str

30、cat(a,'1')set(handles.edit1,'String',a)endjj=0 % - Executes on button press in pushbutton3.function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with ha

31、ndles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jja=get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(a,'0')=1)&&(jj=0) set(handles.edit1,'String','2')else a=strcat(a,'2')set(handles.edit1,'String',a)endjj=0 % - Executes on button press in pushbutton4.function pus

32、hbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jja=get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(a,'0')=1)&&(j

33、j=0) set(handles.edit1,'String','3')else a=strcat(a,'3')set(handles.edit1,'String',a)endjj=0 % - Executes on button press in pushbutton5.function pushbutton5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton5 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be de

34、fined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jja=get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(a,'0')=1)&&(jj=0) set(handles.edit1,'String','4')else a=strcat(a,'4')set(handles.edit1,'String',a)en

35、djj=0 % - Executes on button press in pushbutton6.function pushbutton6_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton6 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jja=get(handles.e

36、dit1,'String');if(strcmp(a,'0')=1)&&(jj=0) set(handles.edit1,'String','5')else a=strcat(a,'5')set(handles.edit1,'String',a)endjj=0 % - Executes on button press in pushbutton7.function pushbutton7_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject h

37、andle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jja=get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(a,'0')=1)&&(jj=0) set(handles.edit1,'String','6')else

38、a=strcat(a,'6')set(handles.edit1,'String',a)endjj=0 % - Executes on button press in pushbutton8.function pushbutton8_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton8 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure wi

39、th handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jja=get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(a,'0')=1)&&(jj=0) set(handles.edit1,'String','7')else a=strcat(a,'7')set(handles.edit1,'String',a)endjj=0 % - Executes on button press in pushbutton9.functio

40、n pushbutton9_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton9 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jja=get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(a,'0')=1)&&a

41、mp;(jj=0) set(handles.edit1,'String','8')else a=strcat(a,'8')set(handles.edit1,'String',a)endjj=0 % - Executes on button press in pushbutton10.function pushbutton10_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton10 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved -

42、to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jja=get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(a,'0')=1)&&(jj=0) set(handles.edit1,'String','9')else a=strcat(a,'9')set(handles.edit1,'String&#

43、39;,a)endjj=0 % - Executes on button press in pushbutton11.function pushbutton11_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton11 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jjglob

44、al ja=get(handles.edit1,'String')a=strcat(a,'+')if(jj=0)set(handles.edit1,'String',a)jj=1;endj=0; % - Executes on button press in pushbutton12.function pushbutton12_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton12 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be de

45、fined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jjglobal ja=get(handles.edit1,'String')a=strcat(a,'-')if(jj=0)set(handles.edit1,'String',a)jj=1;endj=0; % - Executes on button press in pushbutton13.function pushbutton13_Cal

46、lback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton13 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jjglobal ja=get(handles.edit1,'String')a=strcat(a,'*')if(jj=0)set(handles.

47、edit1,'String',a)jj=1;endj=0; % - Executes on button press in pushbutton14.function pushbutton14_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton14 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (s

48、ee GUIDATA)global jjglobal ja=get(handles.edit1,'String')a=strcat(a,'/')if(jj=0)set(handles.edit1,'String',a)jj=1;endj=0; % - Executes on button press in pushbutton15.function pushbutton15_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton15 (see GCBO)% event

49、data reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jjglobal ja=get(handles.edit1,'String')a=strcat(a,'.')if(jj=0)set(handles.edit1,'String',a)jj=1;endj=0; % - Executes on button press in pushbutton16.f

50、unction pushbutton16_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton16 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)a=get(handles.edit1,'String')b=eval(a)set(handles.edit1,'Stri

51、ng',num2str(b2) % - Executes on button press in pushbutton17.function pushbutton17_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton17 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)a=get(h

52、andles.edit1,'String');b=eval(a)b=b*pi/180;b=sin(b);set(handles.edit1,'String',b) % - Executes on button press in pushbutton18.function pushbutton18_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton18 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future versio

53、n of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)a=get(handles.edit1,'String');b=eval(a)b=b*pi/180;b=cos(b);set(handles.edit1,'String',b) % - Executes on button press in pushbutton19.function pushbutton19_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to

54、pushbutton19 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)a=get(handles.edit1,'String');b=eval(a)if(mod(b,90)=0) b=b*pi/180; b=tan(b);set(handles.edit1,'String',b)elseset(handles.edit1,'Str

55、ing','error:?¡§?')end % - Executes on button press in pushbutton20.function pushbutton20_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton20 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user d

56、ata (see GUIDATA)a=get(handles.edit1,'String');b=eval(a)if(b=0)b=b*pi/180;b=cot(b);set(handles.edit1,'String',b)elseset(handles.edit1,'String','error')end % - Executes on button press in pushbutton21.function pushbutton21_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton21 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved