【公开课课件】人教版（2019）必修一：Unit 5 Languages around the World Part 3 Discovering Useful Structures 课件

1、Part 3 Discovering Useful Structures1.The usage of when, where, why in attributive clauses;2.The usage of prep.+ which/whom in attributive clauses;3.To learn how to give reasons;Learning Objectives（一）定语从句的定义（一）定语从句的定义在复合句中，在复合句中，修饰修饰_或或_的从句叫定语的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫_，引导定，引导定语从句的词叫语从句的词叫_。关系

2、词分为关系。关系词分为关系_和关系和关系_两类两类Revision名词名词代词代词先行词先行词关系词关系词代词代词副词副词指人 指物 subject (主语)object (宾语)attribute（定语）whomwhowhichthatwhoseAttention: 关系代词关系代词who, whom, that, which作宾语时作宾语时可以省略！可以省略！（二）关系代词及其用法（二）关系代词及其用法是是时间时间先行词先行词 when where是地点是地点Lead-in是原因是原因 why找到找到适合的关系副词。适合的关系副词。Restrictive relative clausesw

3、herewhenwhyrelative adverbs关系副词关系副词=介词介词 (in / on / at/for等等)whichtimeplacereason一、关系副词引导的定语从句一、关系副词引导的定语从句I can never forget the day when I first saw you.我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。Restrictive relative clauses 1when 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示时间的名词，关系引导定语从句时，先行词为表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语。词在从句中作时间状语。注意：注意：time

4、用做先行词用做先行词用关系副词用关系副词where时，先行词指地点，时，先行词指地点，where在定语在定语从句中作地点状语，从句中作地点状语，where可换成可换成“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”。如：如：1).This is the farm where (= on which) we worked when we were young.2).The school where (= in which) his mother teaches is in the west of the city.2. where1. Ive come to the point where I cant stan

5、d him.2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。 wherewhere引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况特殊情况。注意：一些特殊词之后的注意：一些特殊词之后的where解析：解析：如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, part,

6、 point, situation, part, conditioncondition和和casecase等表示抽象意义的词，常用等表示抽象意义的词，常用where where 引导，意引导，意思是思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中到了某种地步，在某种境况中” ” 。Unsuccessful people can always find reasons why theyre not doing well. 不成功的人总能找到自己表现不好的理由。I dont believe the reason (that / which) he gave me for his being late. 我不相信他

7、给出的迟到的理由。引导引导定语从句时，先行词通常是定语从句时，先行词通常是reason, , 关关系词在从句中作原因状语。系词在从句中作原因状语。3. why 注意：关系副词注意：关系副词 when, where, why在意义上在意义上相当于相当于“介词介词+ which”结构。结构。1. This is our school _ we study and make friends. 2.The most unforgettable school activity is the English speech contest, _we had great fun .3.We will put

8、off the picnic in the park until next week, _ the weather may be better.4.There are many reasons _ people learn a foreign language.where = in whichwhere = in which when=in whichwhy=for which1.1.关系代词的确定关系代词的确定“介词介词 + + 关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 当先行词是人时，用介词 + whom 引导定语从句，例如：Do you know the girl with _ o

9、ur teacher is talking? 当先行词是物时，用介词 + which引导定语从句，例如：This is the room in _ my grandmother used to live.whomwhich 2. 介词的确定介词的确定 根据先行词的搭配关系：根据先行词的搭配关系：1) I still remember the day _ _ I met TF boys.2) I will never forget the farm _ _ I worked with you.3) The money _ _ you were to buy food is gone. on wh

10、ichon whichwith which“介词介词 + + 关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句2. 介词的确定介词的确定 根据谓语动词或形容词的搭配习惯根据谓语动词或形容词的搭配习惯1) Do you like the book _ _ she spent $10? 2) Do you like the book _ _ she paid $10?3) The West Lake, _ _ Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place. on whichfor whichfor which2. 介词的确定介词的确定根据句子的意思来确定根据句子的

11、意思来确定1) Air, _ which man cant live, is really important. 空气非常重要，没有了它人类便不能生存。 2) This is the man _ whom my brother has worked for ten years. 这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那个人。withoutwith2. 介词的确定介词的确定表示表示“所有所有”或或“整体的一部分整体的一部分”时通常用介词时通常用介词 “of”1) He has two sons, _ graduated from Peking University. 他有两个儿子，他们都毕业于北京大学。

12、 2) Tom wrote many childrens books, nearly half _ were about campus culture. 汤姆写了很多儿童书籍，其中将近一半是关于校园文化的。both of whomof which 找到找到适合的关系副词。适合的关系副词。Restrictive relative clauseswherewhenwhyrelative adverbs关系副词关系副词=介词介词 (in / on / at/for等等)whichtimeplacereasonSummary1 1. .先行词为人先行词为人, ,关系代词用介词关系代词用介词+ +who

13、m; ; 先行词为物先行词为物, ,关系代词用关系代词用介词介词+ +which;2.2.固定的动词固定的动词+介词短语介词短语,介词不能介词不能提前。提前。 3.3.关系代词和关系副词有时可转换：关系代词和关系副词有时可转换： where, when, why = = 介词介词 + + which4.先行词是先行词是the way 时时,且从句中缺且从句中缺少方式状语时，关系词用少方式状语时，关系词用that / in which或省略或省略.想一想想一想 定语从句三步解体法：一、先找出主句；二、确定先行词定语从句三步解体法：一、先找出主句；二、确定先行词 三、判断先行词在从句中做的成分三、

14、判断先行词在从句中做的成分定语从句的引导词关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词指人指人指物指物who(主语、宾语主语、宾语)，whom(宾语宾语)，that(主语、宾语主语、宾语), whose(定语定语)that(主语、宾语主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语主语、宾语)whose(定语定语)where (地点状语地点状语)when (时间状语时间状语)why (原因状语原因状语) Summary定语从句定语从句是在句子中作是在句子中作定语定语，修饰，修饰名词名词或或代词代词的从句，的从句， 又称为又称为形容词性从句。形容词性从句。这种从句由这种从句由关系代词关系代词或或关系关系 副词副词引导，

15、并作句子成分。引导，并作句子成分。Ps:Ps:先行词先行词在从句中做在从句中做状语状语时，连接词有时时，连接词有时可以用可以用介词介词+which/whom+which/whom来替换关系副词来替换关系副词Practice Discovering-Look at these sentences and underline the restrictive attributive clauses. What kind of information does each clause communicate? 1.It was a time when people were divided geogr

16、aphically. 2. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.3. There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language.4. These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chin

17、ese people.uInformation: a time for an event. uInformation: a location for an event. uInformation: a reason for an action. uInformation: a location for an action. P64页Ex。1Use the phrases to make complete sentences.the daywhenthe reason whythe place wherethe place/ time in/at whichI was bornShe pract

18、ised Chinese calligraphy I was lateHe appreciates Chinas cultureI studyThey learnt ArabicI workShe learnt Chinese charactersP64页Ex。2Complete the passage with the correct relative adverbs or pronouns. Add a preposition where necessary.When I started studying German, it was a struggle. The words felt strange on my tongue, and the grammar would not stay in my head. I told my mum that I wanted to give up, and that I would never live in a country _ German was spoken. My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future. lt was exercise fo