英语的人称代词

1、英语的人称代词（Personal Pronoun）有三种不同的人称形式：第一人称（First Person）指说话人自己；第二人称（Second Person）指说话的对象；第三人称（Third Person）指说话人谈论的对象。三种人称又各有单、复数形式，第三人称单数还有阳性、阴性、中性的区别。这样，人称代词就具有下列诸种形式：在上列人称代词的不同形式中，还包含了主格（Subjective Case）、宾格（Objective Case）两种“格”的形式。这样，从“格”的形式来划分，英语的人称代词又可归纳为：主格：I，you，he，she，it，we，you，they宾格：me，you，hi

2、m，her，it，us，you，them 此外，还有所有格形式。属格：my，mine，your，yours，his，her，hers，its，our，ours，their，theirs属格又可分为两类：一类是形容词性物主代词（my，your，his，her，its，our，their）即本书所讲的“物主限定词”；另一类是名词性物主代词（mine，yours，his，hers，ours，theirs），即本书中的“物主代词”。主 格宾 格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称单数I memymine第二人称单数youyouyouryours第三人称单数hesheithimherithisheri

3、tshishersits第一人称复数weusourours第二人称复数youyouyouryours第三人称复数theythemtheirtheirs 人称代词用法：1）人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语，例如：John waited a while but eventually he went home.约翰等了一会儿，最后他回家了。John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she.约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽，还真是她。 说明：在复合句中，如果主句和从句主语相同，代词主语要用在从句中，名词主语用在主句中，例如：When

4、he arrived, John went straight to the bank.约翰一到就直接去银行了。2）人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语，但在口语中也能作主语补语，第一人称在省略句中，还可以作主语，例如：I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.我看到她和他们在一起，至少我认为是她。（her做宾语，them做介词宾语，her做主语补语）a. - Who broke the vase?-谁打碎了花瓶？b. - Me.-我。（me做主语补语= Its me.）说明：在上面两例句中，her和me分别作主语补语。现代英语中多

5、用宾格，在正式文体中这里应为she和I。 人称代词主宾格的替换1) 宾格代替主格a.在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not 后，多用宾语。- I like English.-我喜欢英语。- Me too.-我也喜欢。- Have more wine?-再来点酒喝吗?- Not me.-我可不要了。b.在表示比较的非正式的文体中，常用宾格代替主格。 但如果比较状语的谓语保留，则主语只能用主格。 He is taller than I/me. He is taller than I am.2) 主格代替宾格a. 在介词but，except 后，有时可用主格代替宾格。b. 在电话用语中常用主格。

6、 - I wish to speak to Mary. -我想和玛丽通话。 - This is she. -我就是玛丽。注意：在动词be 或to be 后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定。I thought it was she. 我以为是她。(主格-主格)I thought it to be her.(宾格-宾格)I was taken to be she.我被当成了她。(主格-主格)They took me to be her.他们把我当成了她。 (宾格-宾格)物主代词的定义：物主代词实际上是人称代词的所有格形式。根据其句法作用，物主代词可以分为形容词性和名词性两种。形容词性物主代词一定

7、要后接名词（如：This is my book. 这是我的书。），名词性物主代词可以独立使用，无需后接名词（如：This book is mine. 这本书是我的。）。物主代词的用法：1、物主代词既有表示所属的作用又有指代作用，例如：John had cut his finger; apparently there was a broken glass on his desk.约翰割破了手指，显而易见，他桌子上有个破玻璃杯。名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的-s属格结构，例如：Jacks cap 意为 The cap is Jacks.His cap 意为 The cap is h

8、is.2、形容词性物主代词的句法功能形容词性物主代词一般位于名词前，用作定语，限定该名词的意义。例如：My name is John Green. 我叫约翰格林。Excuse me, is this your car? 对不起，这是您的车吗？His parents are in England. 他的父母在英国。They wash their faces every day. 他们每天都洗脸。（本句中的their无须译出）3、名词性物主代词的句法功能a. 作主语，例如：May I use your pen? Yours works better.我可以用一用你的钢笔吗？ 你的比我的好用。b.

9、作宾语，例如：I love my motherland as much as you love yours.我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。c. 作介词宾语，例如：Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours.你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话，而不能按你自己的意义去解释。d. 作主语补语，例如： The life I have is yours. Its yours. Its yours.我的生命属于你，属于你，属于你。4. 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词为避免重复使用名词，有时可用

10、“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。例：My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink.为避免重复使用bag，可写成My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink.练习题一、写出下列人称代词的复数形式及宾格形式：I-_ _ you-_ _ she-_ _ it-_ _he-_ _二、填空：1.Let _ (I) help _ (you).2.Let _ (we) go.3.(I) _ are student

11、s.4.I cant find _ (they).5.Give _ (he) the book.三、选择1._are in the same class.A.Her and me B.She and l C.Me and her D.l and she2.Here is a seat for_.A.both us B.us both C.bothof us D.B and C3.-Do you like these computers?-No,I dont like_.A.all them B.them all C.everyong D.any4.Tom found_interesting t

12、o clinmb hills.A.it B.it is C.that D.this5.Our tercher think_are right.A.ours B.ourselver C.We D.us6._have been inveted to the Party.A.HE,I and you B.I, you and he C.You,I and he D.You,he and I四、用括号中的适当形式填空：（1）Are these _（you）pencils?Yes, they are _（our）.（2）Whose is this pencil?Its _（I）.（3）I love _（

13、they）very much.（4）She is_（I）classmate.五、代词练习：A. 写出各个代词的对应项。I _ my _ myselfYou _ _ yours _ him _ _ _ _ _ _ herself_ it _ _ _ us _ _ _ _ _ yours _ _ their _ _B. 用代词的适当形式填空。1. Miss Gao teaches _ English at school, and I teach _ at home.2. I need a new schoolbag, so I would buy one for _.3. This is not

14、my coat. _ is newer than this one. Maybe _ is _. (she)4. Here are some cookies. Help _. (you)5. Jim held a party last night. All _ friends came and _ enjoyed _.6. Lucy fell off _ bike. _ hurt _ badly.7. The girl is too young. _ cant dress _, so _ mother dresses _ every morning.8. -Who cooks for _ wh

15、en _ mother is out?-Nobody. _ cook(s) _.9. Bobs grandpa hurt _. _parents took _ to the hospital. They left Bob by _, so _ had to look after _.10. This is not _ bike. _ is broken. Nobody can help _ to mend it, so _ must mend it all by _.六、英语代词语法练习：Exercise 31.Is this dictionary?a. you b. yours c. you

16、r d. hers2.Its a bird. name is Happy.a. Its b. It c. Its d. His3.what color is your cat? Is it a white ? a. cats b. that c. one d. it4.please give the key to . a. his b. he c. him d. mine5. house is yours ? a. whose b. where c. How d. which6.- whose room is that? - its .a. my brothers b. them c. of

17、my brother d. theirs7.Ive been expecting letters the whole morning, but there arent for me.a. some ,one b. many ,a few c. some ,any d. a few, none8.You are hungry? Why dont you have bread?a .little b. any c. some d. few9.Bob and his brother went on holiday with a nephew of .a. theirs b. their c. his

18、 d. him10.Our children can take care of now.a. their b. themself c. themselves d. them11. is that bike? Is it Toms?a. which b. whose c. whos d. what a. her and me b. she and me c. she and I d. I and she12.My parents love better than .a. my brother and my sister, I b. my brother and my sisters, mec.

19、my brother and my sister, mine d. my brother and my sister, me131.Dont you think the thief to be ?a. him b. his c. man d. he七、用所给词的适当形式填空。Shall _(we) go to the zoo by bus or by bike?Ms Ding teaches _(we) maths.Bob loves _(he) mother very much.Do they know _ (they) new teacher?_(we) new model plane c

20、an fly very high.I have a lovely cat, _ (it) name is Carl.Jim is a very good boy. We all like _(he).The boy under the tree is Henry. This is _ (he) bike.She doesnt like _(she) new dress at all. Who bought (买) it for _(she)?Who is the man over there? _ is _ (we) headmaster.Is this red coat yours? No,

21、 _ is yellow.八、根据提示填空。1. Where are 我的_ shoes? 2. Are those 你的_ shoes? 3. 他_ looks up at 她_. 4. Could you come and play with 我_? 5. I can help 他_ with 他的_ English. 6. Do you like 她_?7. 我们的_ teacher asks 我们_ to study hard.8. Why do you make 他们_ sit there quiet? 9. 谁的_ car is this? Its 她的 _. 10. This c

22、ar is for you, its _ now.九、改错， 判断下列句子中的代词是否有错误，如果有请改正。1I like he. 2. This cheese is your. 3.We call they lions. 4. Those toy planes are my.5. Can me help you? 6. What is her doing? 7. She is reading a book for they. 8. It isnt her, its mine.十、请将下列单词分类，并写出汉语意思。It yours us her his me hers it them mine

23、 you our him ours her you my your his their theirs its主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词I me我my我的mineYou你you你your你的yoursHehim他his他的hisSheher她her她的hersItit它its它的itsWeus我们our我们的oursYou 你们you你们your你们的yoursTheythem她(他,它)们their她(他,它)们的theirs十一、用所给词的适当形式填空。Shall _we_(we) go to the zoo by bus or by bike?Ms Ding teaches u

24、s (we) maths.Bob loves his (he) mother very much.Do they know their (they) new teacher? Our (we) new model plane can fly very high.I have a lovely cat, its (it) name is Carl.Jim is a very good boy. We all like him (he).The boy under the tree is Henry. This is his (he) bike.She doesnt like her (she)

25、new dress at all. Who bought (买) it for her (she)?Who is the man over there? He is our (we) headmaster.Is this red coat yours? No, mine is yellow.十二、练习：1. This is not _ desk. My desk is over there.2. Can you spell _ name, Harry? Sorry.3. Tom and Jack are brothers. This is _ room.4. We are in the sam

26、e class. _ classroom is very nice.5. Mrs Green is my teacher. Im _ student.6. Thats a cat. _ name is Mimi.7. Tom is in the room. This is _ pencil-box.8. Sam and Peter, look at _ hands. They are so dirty.9. Mike, is this _ picture? Yes, it is.10. Can we put _ coats here? Yes, you can.11. Mum, they ar

27、e _ classmates Rose and _brotherDavid.12. Jack, where are _ socks?十三、用括号中的适当形式填空（1）Are these _（you）pencils?Yes, they are _（our）.（2）Whose is this pencil?Its _（I）.（3）I love _（they）very much.（4）She is_（I）classmate.（5）Miss Li often looks after_（she）brother.（6）Are these _（they）bags ？No, they arent _（thei

28、r）. They are _（we）.十四、英语代词练习( )1. Which of _ textbooks is yours?A. this B. that C. these( )2. _ is mine. _ is hers.A. It B. This C. Those D. That( )3. The area of Shanghai is larger than _ of Suzhou.A. this B. those C. that( )4. The bicycles made in Tianjin are much better than _ made in Beijing.A.

29、that B. these C. those( )5. _ will spend the summer vacation in Qingdao.A. He, you and I B. You, he and I C. I, you and he( )6. Who is singing there? _ is Li Mings sister.A. She B. This C. It( )7. She is an old classmate of _.A. me B. my C. mine( )8. Take care of _.A. myself B. you C. yourself( )9.

30、My brother knows just very _ English.A. few B. a little C. little( )10. The weather is very wet, because there had been _ rain this summer.A. many B. much C. a few( )11. The radio is almost the same as _.A. Shes B. her C. hers( )12. How _ English phrases do you think you have learned this term?A. mu

31、ch B. many C. any( )13. Dr. Bethune worked devotedly for the Chinese revolution, but he never thought of _. A. his B. his own C. himself( )14. The commune members built the big dam _.A.them B.themselves C.theirs( )15. Practice in _ is learning.A. himself B. itself C. herself( )16. The Yugoslav peopl

32、e deeply mourned _ great leader Tito. A. theirs B. they C. their( )17. One should do _ bit on the new Long March.A. oneself B. ones C. ones( )18. _ task will be completed soon.A. Ours B. Ourselves C. Our( )19. You had better ask the mother _ about _ good deeds. A. hers B. her C. oneself D. herself(

33、)20. We should be strict with _ in study.A. myself B. our own C. ourselves( )21. During the examination no one is allowed to ask _ questions. A. some B. any C. each D. all( )22. How _ did the coat cost you?A. many B. much C. money D. much yuan( )23. I bought a nice skirt for _.A. she B. her C. herse

34、lf( )24. Mr. Zhang praised _ for _ progress in studies.A. he B. him C. his( )25. Do you need _ coffee? A. some B. any C. many( )26. Will you have _ sweets?A. any B. some C. much( )27. _ of us want to go swimming in _ a cold day. A. no B. none C. so D. such( )28. Some like physics, _ like chemistry.A

35、. the other B. others C. the others( )29. There are four dictionaries on the bookshelf. One is French, _ are English. A. the other B. another C. the others( )30. The children dont like this story. Please tell them _. A. the other B. another C. the others( )31. My parents are _ cadres.A. all B. both

36、C. either( )32. These cups are ours. Those are _.A. others B. others C. others( )33. The Beijing Library is larger than _ library in China. A. any B. any other C. the other( )34. China is larger than _ country in Europe.A. any B. any other C. all( )35. Do you have any books on atomic physics? Yes, I

37、 have _. A. a few B. few C. a little十六、选择填空1、These are pens and _ are pencils. (that, this, those)2、Tom was sick yesterday. _ is why he missed school. ( That, Those, These)3、Which of _ shirts are Toms ( These, this, that)4、This desk is mine, _ is hers. ( those, this, that)5、The map of Beijing is bet

38、ter than _ of Tianjing. (this, that, these)6、_ (He, Her, His ) mane is Jack. . _ (She, He, His) is a cook.7、_ (I,My,Mine)aunt is a nurse. _ (She, He. Her) works very hard.8、Please show _ (me, I, mine ) the way.9、The books arent ( my, mine, I ). _ (They , It, Its ) may be _(her, hers, your)10、Let _(I, me, mine) tell _(her, she, hers ) how to do it.11、Help _ (you, your, yourself ) to some fish, please.12、Dont tell _ (he, him, his ) the answer. _ (I,Me,Us