九年级英语下册Unit4LifeonMars词汇与语法基础训练牛津版

1、Unit 4 Life on MarsMars n.火星helmet n.头盔gravity n.重力pla net n.行星crowded adj.拥挤的polluted adj. 被污染的in crease n.增力口rapid adj. 快地，迅速地passe nger n.乘客un comfortable adj.使人不舒服的，不舒适的oxyge n n.氧气tasty adj. 味道好的specially adv. 专门 的，特地float v. 飘浮；漂浮compare v. 比较in terpla netary adj.行星间的network n.网络challe nging a

2、dj.挑战性的22rapidly adv.快地，迅速地aware adj. 知道，意识到circle v. 围绕；将.圈起来agreeme nt n.致，同意dista nee n.距离；远处possibility n.可能性alie n n.夕卜星人stra nger n.夕卜来者，陌生人perce ntage n.百分率；百分数disadva ntage n.劣势，缺点，不利条件risk n. 风险，危险goods n.复）商品，货品electro nic adj.电子的en terta inment n.娱乐、重点词汇1. crowded adj./ 永 ra ?.d ?d/If a p

3、lace is crowded, it is full of people.拥挤的；挤满人的例句： As Christmas gets closer, the shops get more and more crowded.随着圣诞节的临近，商店变得越来越拥挤。2. uncomfortable adj. / ?n?k?mf.t ?.b ?l/1) . not feeling comfortable and pleasant, or not making you feel and pleasant不舒服的；令人难受的例句： These shoes are really un comfortabl

4、e.这双鞋子穿在脚上实在难受。2) . slightly embarrassed, or making you feel slightly embarrassed有点儿尴尬的；令人不自在的例句： an un comfortable sile nee令人不自在的沉默1). to stay on the surface of a liquid and not sink漂浮comfortable3. float v. /fl?104例句：An empty bottle will float.2）. to （cause to） move easily through, or along the sur

5、face of a liquid,or to （cause to） move easily through air（使）漂流；（使）浮动；（使）飘动；（使）飘移例句： We spe nt a lazy after noon floati ng dow n/along the river.我们沿河漂流而下，懒洋洋的度过了一个下午。4. compare v. /k?n?）e?r/1）. to exam ine or look for the differe nee betwee n two or more things对比，对照，比较例句： That seems expe nsive - have

6、 you compared prices in other shops?那好像很贵-你有没有比较一下其他店里的价格？2）. to judge, suggest, or con sider that someth ing is similar or of equal quality to something else将比作；拿与相比；认为和相似（或不相上下）例句： You cant compare the two cities - theyre totally differe nt.你不能把这两座城市相提并论一一它们完全不同。5. agreement n. /?gi ?m?nt/1）. the

7、situati on in which people have the same opinion, or in which they approve of oraccept someth ing空瓶子意见一致；同意；应允例句： The whole family was in agreement with her about/on what they shoulddo.关于他们应该做什么，全家人都和她意见一致。2). a decision orarrangement, often formal and written,between two or moregroups or people协议，协

8、定；和约例句： Fin ally the two sides have reached an agreeme nt.双方终于达成了协议。三、必背短语air tank氧气罐dried food干粮power pack电源包(all) over aga in再; 重新sleep ing bag睡袋at a/the speed of以的速度in the form of以的形式compare to/with与.相比carry out开展；执行after all毕竟四、经典句型1. How do you like life on Mars?你觉得火星上的生活怎么样？2. Our own pla net,

9、 the Earth, is beco ming more and more crowded and pollutedbecause of the rapid in crease in populati on.106因为人口的快速增长，我们自己的地球正变得越来越拥挤且污染越来越严重。3. Huma ns cannot survive without water, oxyge n or food.人类离开水、氧气或者事物就不能生存。4. The gravity on Mars is only about three-eighths of that on the Earth.火星上的重力仅约为地球

10、重力的八分之三。5. Compared with life on the Earth, life on Mars would be better in some ways.跟地球生活相比，火星上的生活在某些方面可能更好。心建三点剖析一、考点简单句和复合句的转换1.含状语从句的复合句和简单句之间的转换。我们可以用一些含有介词短语的简单句改写一些含有状语从句的复合句。例句： He was able to swim whe n he was 8 years old.他八岁的时候就会游泳。（时间状语从句）He was able to swim at the age of 8.他八岁就会游泳。He co

11、uld not go there because he had too much homework.因为他有太多的作业，他不能去那里。（原因状语从句）He could not go there because of too much homework.因为太多的作业，他不能去那里。注意：转换时要注意时态和意思的一致性和准确性。那位面带微笑的老师是我的新英语老师。（定语从句）2.含宾语从句的复合句和简单句之间的转换。我们可以借助一些介词来进行含有宾语从句的复合句和简单句的转换。例句： Are you certa in that Tom will tell the truth?你确信汤姆会说实话吗

12、？（宾语从句）Are you certa in about Toms words?你确信汤姆的话吗？What he said reminds me that he helped me with my En glish in the past.他说的话使我想起了他过去帮助我学习过英语。（宾语从句）What he said reminds me of his help with my En glish in the past.他说的话使我想起了他过去在英语学习上对我的帮助。注意：一些动词和介词的搭配。如：remi nd sb.of sth.使某人想起某事；be sure about对确信。3.含定

13、语从句的复合句和简单句之间的转换。我们可以用一些含有介词短语的简单句来与含有定语从句的复合句进行转换。例句： Do you know the man who is holdi ng two books in his hand now?你认识那个手里正拿着两本书的男子吗？（定语从句）Do you know the man with two books in his hand now?你认识那个手里正拿着两本书的男子吗？The teacher who is wearing a smile on his face is my new English teacher.The teacher with

14、a smile on his face is my new En glish teacher.那位面带微笑的老师是我的新英语老师。注意：介词的选择和搭配。、易错点1. problem & questi on1) . problem 通常指急于解决或决定的重大问题或难题，常作 think about,work out 等的宾语。例句： This is a difficult social problem to solve.这是一个很难解决的社会问题。2) . questi on着重指由于对某事感到疑惑不解或不能断定而提出并等待解答的问题，一般指不难的、在较短时间内能解决的问题，常与an

15、swer, ask 等连用。例句：Please an swer the questi on.请回答这个问题。2. hurt & harm1) . hurt 意为“伤害”，指感情、自尊心上的伤害，也指人身体上受了伤害。例句：He hurt his back whe n he fell.他跌倒时伤了背。2) . harm 意为“伤害，损坏”，所指伤害往往是抽象的、笼统的。例句： The no ise of mach ines harmed their heari ng.机器的噪音伤害了他们的听力。题模精选题模一：Un it 4 词汇应用solve,1010例 1.1.1-Food safe

16、ty has become a social focus now.-That s why laws are made to_ crimes on food.A.recordB.preve ntC.divideD.separate例 1.1.2根据汉语完成句子。1) .政府正在努力改善民生。The government is_improve people s lives.2) .我相信他会满意的。I_ that he will be satisfied.题模二：语法-简单句和复合句的转换例 1.2.1 The farmers had to stop_ in the field_ the heav

17、y rain.A.work ing; becauseB.to work; becauseC.work ing; because ofD.to work; because of例 1.2.2将下列复合句改为简单句。1). We can t do it if you don t help us.2). The pianist began to learn to play the piano when he was four years old.3). Are you sure that they are in terested in it?:J：随堂练习随练 1.1-_ the way, do y

18、ou think this job has become easier than it usedto be?-To be hon est, it has turned out to be more difficult_ some ways.A.In; onB.By; o nC.By; inD.In; by随练 1.2 Although it isto wear a helmet for a long time, it can protectyour head.A.specialB.un comfortableC.crowdedD.un sure随练 1.3 Mrs. Yang often ma

19、kes_ cakes and biscuits for kids and kids likethem very much.A.stra ngeB.tastyC.awfulD.polluted随练 1.5 -Whats the most popular form of_in this city?-Its hard to say. Maybe going to the movies is.A.en viro nmentB.en tertai nmentC.experime ntD.experie nee随练 1.6 根据首字母提示或汉语提示填写单词。1. Im ready to do all th

20、ose thi ngs which are more c_2. After he was 60, his health was falli ng r_ .3. The Internet is a worldwide computer n_ .4. Her weight showed an i_ of 3kg in a mon th. She decided to lose weight心 自我总结课后作业随练 1.4 -What-About 70%.A.perce ntageC.pof high school stude nts go to college?B. nu mberD.temper

21、atureaga in.5. How many_6. Can fish live without_ （7. The Earth is one of the（8. Look! A model ship is_ （乘客）can thebus hold each time?氧气）?行星）that travel around the sun.漂浮）on the lake.1012the wind and sand from moving to the rich作业 4 根据汉语提示完成句子。1.你们地区人口增长得快吗？Is the populati on in your area_?2.我家离学校 1

22、0 公里远。My home is ten kilometers_school.3.我们同意他们的决定。We are_ with their decisi on.4.我的包的款式和他的类似。The style of my bag is_of his.5.人类正在考虑移民去别的星球？Are huma ns_ to ano ther pla net作业 5- Are you willing to live on Mars one day?-_. It sounds excit ing, but it still worries me.A.Of course I am.B.rm not sure.C.

23、Why n ot?D.Are you jok ing?作业 6- The documentaryA Bite of Chinais quite popular around China recently.How do you like it?A.I think soB.Pretty goodC.It s my pleasureD.All right作业 1 The Great Green Wall canland in the south of China.A.preve ntC.provideB.protectD.promise作业 2 I dont feel like_ now. I pr

24、efer to have a walk after supper.A.walkB. walki ngC.walksD. to walk作业 3 -What do you think of the environment here?-Wonderful!of the land covered with trees and grass.A.Two fifths; isB. Two fifth; isC.Two fifths; areD.Two fifth; are答案解析:J込题模精选题模一：Un it 4 词汇应用例 1.1.1【答案】B【解析】 考查动词辨析，句意：-现在食品安全已成为社会焦点

25、。-那就是为什么制定关于阻止食品犯罪的法律，prevent意为“阻止”，符合句意。故选 B。例 1.1.2【答案】 1). worki ng hard to2). am sure【解析】 考查本课词汇的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。题模二：语法-简单句和复合句的转换例 1.2.1【答案】C【解析】 考查固定搭配，第一空考查stop doing sth，意为“停止做某事”；第二空后heavyrain是名词短语，须用because of。故选 C。例 1.2.2【答案】 1). We can t do it without your help.2). The pia nist

26、 bega n to lear n to play the pia no at the age of four.3). Are you sure about their in terest in it?【解析】 考查本课语法的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。人碇随堂练习随练 1.1【答案】C1014【解析】 考查介词，前空考查by the way,意为顺便说/问一下”;后空考查in someways,意为“在某些方面”。故选 Co随练 1.2【答案】B【解析】 考查形容词辨析，un comfortable意为“不舒服的”，符合句意。故选 B。随练 1.3【答案】B【解析】 考查形容词辨析，由“孩子们很喜欢”可知是tasty cakes and biscuits